V PUBLICATIONS OF THE IPSWICH 

HISTORICAL SOCIETY 
XIII. 



FINE THREAD, LACE AND HOSIERY 

IN IPSWICH 

BY JESSE FEWKES 



AND 



IPSWICH MILLS AND FACTORIES 



BY 



T. FRANK WATERS 



PROCEEDINGS AT THE ANNUAL MEETING 



December 7, 1903. 



Salem tPress: 
Tdu Salsm FR£es Oo., Salem, Mabb, 
1904. 



J 




Mi l 1 1 " ,-L 



PUBLICATIONS OF THE IPSWICH 

HISTORICAL SOCIETY. ' 
XIII. 



FINE THREAD, LACE AND HOSIERY 

IN IPSWICH 

BY JESSE FEWKES 



AND 



IPSWICH MILLS AND FACTORIES 



BY 



T. FRANK WATERS 



PROCEEDINGS AT THE ANNUAL MEETING 



December 7. 1903. 



Salem tPreee : 
The Salbh Press Co., Salem, Mass. 
1904. 



^ 



FIXE THREAD, LACE AND HOSIERY. 



<n A PAPER READ BEFORE THE HISTORICAL SOCIETY 

OF IPSAVICH, APRIL 13, 1903. 



BY JESSE FEAVKES. 



The histon' of the various iiidustriul arts of New 
England, is a subject which comes within the scope and 
province of the Historical Society of this old manufact- 
uring town. Ipswich, one of the old mother towns of 
New England, is also the mother of two industrial chil- 
dren, of which I propose to ofier a few items of interest 
before this Honorable Society at this time. These two 
industries seem to have been born own sisters of the same 
family of the useful arts in our mother country England 
and were also twin children in Ipswich, during the decade 
from 1822 to 1832, when one, the liner and more beauti- 
ful, died a most unnatural and distressing death, and the 
other has grown more healthy, vigorous and prosperous, 
as the years have rolled on, up to the present day. 

These two textile children of Ipswich, are the Manu- 
tacture of Hosiery and the Weaving of fine Laces by Ma- 
otinery. 

To understand the cause of this diversity of success in 
these two well projected, and well started' schemes of la- 
bor, we must make a concise review of the origin and de- 
velopment of the machines connected therewith, and also 
give a sketch of that predecessor of the art of weaving 
tine cloths, the earlier art of spinning fine thread. 

SPINNING. 

There are pictures cut in flat relief upon some of the 
monuments and temples of ancient Egypt, more than 

(1) 



2 FINE THREAD, LACE AND HOSIERY. 

four thousand years before the Christian era, which rep- 
resent among other occupations of that early people, 
the spinning of thread and the weaving of cloth. There 
are also representations on the monuments of prehistoric 
Central America, of women operating with the primitive 
loom and spinning apparatus. S(]uier's Nicaragua, Vol. 1, 
has a representation (copied from an ancient Mexican 
manuscript) of a woman weaving, and also of another 
woman spinning. Ancient records in China carry back 
the art of spinning and weaving to an antiquity dis- 
credited by many modern historians. These useful arts 
are prehistoric ; they date before any written history. 

About 550 B. C, Herodotus records, " Amasis the tirst 
plebeian King of Egypt, sent as a i)resent to the Grecian 
temple at Lindus, a linen corslet of wonderful work- 
manship, each thread of which contained 800 filaments 
clearly to be distinguished. Figures were Avoven into the 
pattern of the linen and it was adorned with gold and 
cotton." (Jotton was then a costly material lately introduced 
from India into Egypt and was used along Avith gold for 
the enrichment of the linen of this corslet. This is said 
to be the first historic reference to spinning and weaving ; 
but there are in the HebreAV Bible references which may 
be older even than this. See Proverbs xxx, 19, Exodus 
xxxY, 25.* Spinning is alluded to by Homer. 

The implements of the spinners' art have been devel- 
oped from a very simple and crude beginning. The first 
spinning implement was probabl}" only a pebble stone 
taken from the ground, uncut and unfashioned in any way. 
The filament of wool or grass, or perhaps the inner bark 
of some fibrous plant or tree, was tied to it and twirled 
around Avith the hand, then doubled back, and by the 
returning Avhirl of the rock, was made into a double and 
twisted string fit for the boAv of a hunter. Then came to 
the front the oldtime skillful iuA^entor, some aboriginal 
Edison or Marconi, and improved this simple dcAnce by 
cutting a knob upon one end of the pebble for the con- 

* Exodus XXXV : 25, " And all the womeuthat were wise-hearted did si)in with 
their liands, aud brought that which they had spun, both of blue and of purple, 
and of scarlet and of fine linen." 



FINE THREAD, LACE AND HOSIERY. 3 

venience of fastening upon it the thread ah-eady spun, and 
of winding the same while anotlicr length could be added. 
This method of spinning with a rock is even brought 
down to the present day in some of the aboriginal tribes. 
The Alaskan Indian, and some tribes of theLaplanders 
use a rock similar to the abundant Indian net sinkers, so 
called, or plummet formed stones, which are seen in all 
collections of Indian implements. 

From the primitive spinning rock, the next advance in 
the development of the implements of the spinners" art was 
the ancient spindle whorl, which is a lonnd flat stone with 
a hole perforated in the centre to admit a wooden spindle. 
This spindle had a hook at the upper end upon which to 




FKi. 1. 

Indian Spinning 
rock, from In- 
flian.[Mounfl in /^ 
Ipswicli, Mass. fe'; 




(^ Fig. 2. 

Spinning wliorl, 

from ancient 

Troy, A.D. 1184 




fasten the thread, after that already spun had been wound 
upon the spindle. This was used in connection with the 
dist.-iff, which is a stalf of wood fastened to the girdle, on 
which was llound the wool, flax or fiber which remained 
unspiin. The spindle whorl or weight was intended to 
give the proper momentum to the spindle, as shown in 
Egyptian, Mexican, Chinese, East Indian, Central Amer- 
ican and Greci;m representations of spinning. By this 
ancient method thread for fine lace was spun. " 

Dr. Henry Schliemann, Avho excavated the buried cities 
of ancient Troy and Tyrins, found in Troy, as many as 
22,000 spindle whorls of stone and terra cotta, once used 
by the women of that ancient city. In Mycenum and 
Tyrins, he found them also in great al)undance. In his 
works published in 1870-71 and 1873, he illustrates 180 



FIXE THREAD, LACE AND HOSIERY 



different designs of ornamental spinning whorls, found by 
him. The markings pictured on these are probably the 
marks of ownership. The accompanying pen copy of the 

picture of a French fisherman's 
wife, spinning, gives a correct 
idea of the ancient method of 
spinning. The painting is by 
W. Slatterill. 

From pictures cut upon the 
roclv tem})les of ancient Egypt, 
it seems that there was an in- 
termediate stage of the devel- 
opment of the spindle, between 
the simple rock and the metallic 
spindle Avhorl of the spinners of 
ancient Greece and Rome, in 
which the weight is carried at the top of the spindle to 
give momentum. 

In 1530 there was published a work called Dictionary of 
Palsgrave, in which is this phrase, "I spynne upon a 
Rock." Aubrey tells us that " in Wiltshire the nuns of 




Fig. 3. 

Maya woman spinninj;:! fi'oin 
Nicaragua, A. D. 1500. 




FIG. 4. 
Egyptians Spinning, from Monuments in Ancient Tiiebe.s. Egypt, IJ. C. 4000. 



St. Marys came forth with their rocks to spin." From 
the "Book of Days" I copy this: "St. Distaff's day, 
January 7th. The ordinary spindle was a turned pin of a 
few inches in length having a hook or nick at the small 



FINE THREAD, LACE AND HOSIERY. 5 

or upper end to fasten the thread and a load of some 
sort at the lower end to make it hang rightly. In very 
early times and among such rude nations as the Laps until 
more recent times the load was a stone, many examples 
of which are in museums now." I take from another 
work called "Every Day Book :" "January 7^''. St. Dis- 
taff's Day, or Rock Day. This day was so called in honor 
of the rock which is a distaff held in the hand from whence 
wool is spun by twirling a ball below." That ball may 
have been a rock, for Aubrey says, in a book called 
" The Natural History of Wiltshire :" " In old time they 
used to spin with rocks. In Staffordshire they use them 
still." In Scotland, when lads and lassies came together 
to spend a social evening, each lassie brought her spinning 
apparatus or rock, and the assemblage was called a "rock- 
ing." "On Fasten-e'en we had a rockin'. "* 

A German writer also calls it " Rocken, " a French writer 
" Je file au roche." I have seen the picture of an Abys- 
sinian woman which was drawn by a traveller in that 
country, in which she is shown as spinning with a crotched 
knot of wood, with her thread wound upon it ; this she 
is twirling in the same manner as the lassies, in the 
time of Robert Burns, did with their rocks. 

It would seem as if in Scotland the ancient name of 
"spinning rock," still clung to the spinning apparatus, 
even after the distaff and wheel were introduced, for we 
have, in the quaint verses of Robert Burns, several refer- 
ences to the rock in connection with the wheel. In "The 
Lass of Ecclefechan." * 

" O gat ye me wi' naething? 
Rock and reel and spinnin wheel, 
A niickle quarter basin." 

and again in "Bessy and her spinnin wheel," 

"0 leeze me on my spinnin wheel, 
O leeze me on my rock and reel ;" 

* Burns mentions the spinning rocli in another of his verses "The Weary Fund 
o' Tow:" 

"Quoth I For shame ye dirty dame, 
Gae spin your tap o' tow ! 
She took the rock and wi' a knock 
She brak it o'er my pow." 



I) 



FINE THREAD, LACE AND HOSIERY 



The next stage in the art is the wheel. There is in the 
British Museum a MS. written early in the fourteenth 
century, in which are several representations of a woman 
spinning with a Avheel. From the Dictionary of Origins, 
we have : '' A spinning wheel is said to have been in- 
vented in ir)3;') by a citizen of Brunswick, England," 
The first spinning wheel was called a 'Tarn."* 

Some of these ancient spinners, by 
hand methods, were extremely skill- 
ful in the manipulation of the wheel. 
Aubrey says, in Book of Days, "In 
the year 174"), a woman of East 
Dareham spun a single pound of wool 
into a thread 84,000 yards long, 
nearly 4<S miles, upon a spinning 
wheel. Since that time a young lady 
of Norwich, England, has spun a 
pound of combed wool (or worsted) 
into a thread 1 68,000 yards long and 
another 203, 000 yards, nearly 115 
miles ; this thread if woven would 
make 200 yards of yard-Avide muslin." 

When the ladies of Ipswich are using thread number- 
ing 100 or loO they think it fine sewing. I had a letter 
sent me by a former editor of the Ipswich Chronicle, in 
which w^as contained a sample of cotton thread he had 
obtained from the Willimantic Cotton Mills, as a sample 
of the finest thread spun in this countrv- This was No. 250. 
The sample of the thread used by the factory, which wove 
lace in Ipswich seventy-five years ago and some of which I 
have brought for your inspection, is No. 365, three ply 




Flu. 5. 

Spinning Wlieel, 
A. D. 1530. 



* The spinning wheel of the fourteen ccntui-y. called a " Tarn," was a simple 
wheel with a cranlc upon one side of the axle upon whicli it turned, and a spindle 
simihir to tlie spindle used with the spindle whorl of the earlier times projecting 
from tlie opposite axle, upon wliich the liber was twisted by the turning of tlie 
tarn. 

The spinning wheel with its independent spindle driven by a Iwnd from the 
larger wheel did not develop until neai-ly a century after the " Tarn" came into 
use. Thus we liave the progressive stages in the spinner's art: Ist, the rock; 2d 
the plummet-formed rock; ,3d, the spindle whorl of ancient Troy and Egypt; 
4tli, the tarn; 5th, the colonial spinning wheel; 6th, the modern spinning-jenny, 
and ring spinning machine turned by power. 



FINE THREAD, LACE AND HOSIERY. 7 

linen thread. It rivals in fineness the work of the spider 
or the silkworm. 

As the introduction of lace weaving into this country in 
1820, and into this town of Ipswich in 1822, came to grief 
through the dependence of that art, upon the preliminary 
art of spinning extremely fine thread, we have given thus 
far, our attention to the implements for making the thread 
from which lace and cloths were woven in old times. 

HOSIERY AVEAVING. 

I must now go back in time, and take up the evolution 
and development of the art of weaving hosiery, as that also, 
leads into the lace, and into the hosiery industry of this 
town of Ipswich. 

There were no woven stockings in England prior to 
the reign of Queen Elizabeth. The art of knitting stock- 
ings is supposed by some to have originated in Scotland, 
about A. D. 1500. Howell's History of the World, printed 
in 1680, says that " Henry the Eighth wore cloth stock- 
ings except there came from Spain by chance a pair of 
silk stockings." Spain therefore claims the art. 

The first stockings knit in England were made by 
William Ryders in 1564. He had seen a pair of Italian 
knit stockings which he borrowed and copied. The first 
stocking machine was invented in 1595 by William Lee, 
a student in the college in Cambridge, England. Having 
broken a law of that institution by taking to himself a 
wife, he was expelled, and she, to keep them from starva- 
tion, like a true woman t^ok up the then fashionable art 
of knitting stockings as a means of support. While 
watching her nimble fingers and clicking needles, he de- 
vised a machine which would knit all the stitches around 
the stocking in about the same time in which she was 
making a single stitch. This was in Nottingham in 1595. 
He applied to Queen Elizabeth for a patent, but could not 
obtain one, neither would King James grant a monopoly, 
as the pretext of taking work from the poor by the ma- 
chine was offered in opposition. He therefore carried it 
to France. He established his machines at Rouen, but the 



b FINE THREAD, LACE AND HOSIERY. 

political troubles, which resulted in the murder of Heiuj 
IV of France, his patron, destroyed Lee's prospects there. 
He was proscribed as a Protestant, and was obliged to seek 
concealment in Paris, where he died in poverty and dis- 
tress. Lee's brother and all the workmen but two returned 
to London, in 1621. These two retained a machine, 
which was afterwards sold to go to Venice for £500 ; but 
it could not be kept in repair, and the art came to a stand 
in that city. 

England thereafter became the sole custodian of the 
art of making hosiery by machine. A patent was ob- 
tained in 16G3. The Corporation for the working of this 
art established itself in London, and its work Avas carried 
on in Nottingham, Leicester and Derby, where subordi- 
nate companies were formed, and these towns became 
the center of the hosiery industry in England. These 
stockingers of Nottingham, about 17G8, began to make 
open-work with various devices attached to the stocking 
machine in imitation of pillow lace. One named Hammon 
Avas so successful that others were led to attempt lace 
making. In their leisure hours, they amused themselves 
trying to make the true hexagon mesh, a thing not yet 
accomplished by machinery. 

In 1782 the "warp machine '' was introduced by Avhich 
a number of threads, corresponding to the number of 
needles, was wound upon a warp beam and this was at- 
tached to the ordinary stocking machine, which had hither- 
to used but a single thread. This, with the Dorson wheels 
attachment, which admitted a greater variety in the orna- 
mentation of the w^ork, and also the tickler attachment to 
the stocking machine, invented about the same time, 
brought into the markets of England a great quantity of 
cheap material in imitation of the more expensive pillow 
lace. 

These experiments in making open-work upon the 
stocking machines, by the stocking weavers of Notting- 
ham, created an intense feeling of jealous}^ among the 
pillow-lace makers of Nottingham and the surrounding 
towns. It occasioned the formation of labor societies, or 
guilds, as the labor unions were at that time called, and 



FINE THREAD, LACE AND HOSIERY. 9 

the lace guild assumed a right to make upon the pillows 
all lace used in the British dominions, and they resolved 
to maintain this assumed right by force if necessary. 

PILLOW LACE. 

The origin of the manufacture of pillow lace is lost in 
the dim obscurity of the past. It may well be called one 
of the fine arts as it has exercised the refined taste and 
exquisite skill, of many of the most excellent minds since 
the beginning of history. 

The monuments of ancient Egypt show female figures 
clothed in a fabric similar to modern lace, in which the 
outlines of the form are seen through the dress. Lace 
was worn by the ladies of ancient Greece and Rome. 
It is spoken of in English history in 1483. In 1(314 the 
manufacture of lace was carried on in Xottinjjham and 
Bedfordshire in England. Some of the products of the 
pillow were extremely delicate and expensive. Almost the 
entire population of these towns was more or less inter- 
ested in lace making upon the pillow, at this time. 

The pillow for making lace was a cushion covered with 
a strip of parchment upon which a pattern was drawn. 
To form the mesh, pins were stuck into the pattern. To 
each pin, a thread was attached, wound upon a spool or 
bobbin. The bobbins were allowed to fall down on each 
side of the pillow, and were changed from side to side and 
intertwisted as the work progressed. As the meshes were 
made they were secured by pins, until the next meshes 
were made, and so on across the width of the piece of 
the lace. A piece of lace one inch wide Avould have fifty 
or sixty bobbins and threads, which would make twenty- 
five or thirty meshes, 625 meshes to each square inch, or 
22,000 meshes to the yard. The different kinds of 
lace were called Brussels, Mechlin, Valenciennes, Lisle, 
Alengon blonde and Alencon point. 

As 1 have before mentioned, it is said that lace was 
made by machines as early as 1768 by a stocking weaver 
named Hammon and his success led other stockingers to 
attempt making imitation lace on the stocking machines. 



10 



FINE THREAD, LACE AND HOSIERY, 



The warp machine for making imitation lace Avas intro- 
duced in 1782. In 1799 the first bobbin-net was made by 




FIG. 6. SECTION OFiLACE MACHI NE ONE-THIRD FULL SIZE. 

Also two plaus of the fabric, before and after it is stretched into 
proper shape, full size. 



FINE THREAD, LACE AND HOSIERY. 11 

machinery. By these machines the stocking weavers made 
an inferior quality of lace, and could undersell the pillow 
lace makers, whereby the demand for this kind was in- 
creased and Nottingham became the center of a thriving 
trade in this class of goods. No successful attempt to 
make the true bobbin-net lace with the hexagonal mesh, 
was made until 1809, when Mr. Heathcoat patented a ma- 
chine, which is said to have been suggested by a workman 
making fish nets. The idea occurred to him that, by using 
parallel warp threads and threads wound upon bobbins 
arranged to pass through between and twist around the 
threads of the warp, the true hexagonal mesh could be 
produced by machine. 

DESCRIPTION OF LACE MACHINE. 

To illustrate the action of the lace machine, I have 
made a rough drawing of the working parts of the machine, 
showing the manner in which the bobbins of the weft 
traversed from the comb on one side of the warp threads 

EXPLANATION OF PARTS. 

A is a beam near the bottom of the machine upon which the warp 

threads are wound. 
Bl and B2 are the bobbins in their carriages upon which the 

threads of the Ave ft are wound. 
Jl and J2 are combs into which the carriages with their bobbins 

traverse from the teeth of the comb on one side to the teeth 

of the opposite comb which are marked Jl and J2. These 

comb bars also traverse endi^ise. 
I and I are push-bars which are bolted to a swinging frame 

which pushes the carriages and their bobbins from the teeth of 

one comb to those of the opposite comb. 
Gl and G2 are points which enter the mesh as it is formed and 

close it to its proper size. 
El, E2, and F are tension rollers to draw the finished lace from 

the machine as it is woven before it is wound on the lace 

beam w^hich is marked D, on the plan. 
LI and L2 are supplementary push bars which engage and hold 

the bobbin carriage at certain stages of the work. 
K1K2 are guides to conduct the warp threads into a proper position 1 

the machine. 
H H Swinging frame to which push bars I I are fastened. 



12 



FINE THREAD, LACE AND HOSIERY. 



into the comb upon the opposite side of the warp threads, 
and then side wise, like the change in a cotillion called "Back 
to back." This movement was repeated three times and then 
the bobbin and its carriage passed on again to repeat their 
"Back to back" movements with the next thread of the 
warp. 

The partners in this textile cotillion, numbering, for yard 
wide lace, one thousand weft threads, and one thousand 
warp threads, all moved simultaneously and a yard of yard- 




Bobbin Carriage, full size. 



Fig. 5. 
Section. 




Lace Bol)bin, full size. Section. 



The Bobbin and Bobbin Carriage marked B 1 and B 2 on Plan of the Lace Machine. These 
bobbins are wound with, and carry the threads of the weft through and around the tlireads of 
tlie warp to form the mesh or stitch of the Lace. 

wide lace could be woven in the time taken to make by 
pillow, six inches of one-inch- wide lace. The warp beam 
upon which the threads of the warp were Avound was 
placed near the bottom of the machine. These threads 
first passed through guide needles, then upwards to the 
center upon which the swinging frame of the push bars 
swung, near which the lace mesh was formed (marked H) . 
The finished lace was then wound upon a beam near the 
top of the machine. This forward and back movement 
of the carriages with their bobbins, and this right and left 



FIXE THREAD, LACE AND HOSIERY. 18 

movement of the combs containing them were repeated 
to the end of the piece of yard wide lace woven. There 
was also a row of pointed needles upon each side near the 
[)lace where the twist of the mesh was formed. Those 
upon one side entered below the twist last formed and, 
rising, closed it up, then held it until the next twist was 
formed, when the needles on the other side engaged in 
the same manner, each of these working alternately, and 
the size of the mesh conformed to the sectional size of 
the needles or points. The lace was therefore called " Point 
net lace" as the size of the mesh was governed by the size 
of the points of the machine which made it. There were 
two other machines which came out about this time vary- 
ing somewhat, but using the same general arrangement of 
parts. This machine was successful and so far affected the 
pillowlace makers, that they organized themselves into a 
society to suppress by force the making of lace by ma- 
chinery. 

The lace makers and stocking weavers who came to 
Ipswich in 1818 and 1822 were men who weie employed 
in the two factories of Mr. Heathcoat in Nottingham in 
1816, in making lace upon the new lace machines, and 
were subject to the enmity, annoyance and crime of this 
Secret Society. 

THE LUDDITES 

It has been trul}' said that history repeats itself. I 
will quote an account of the Luddite labor troubles in 
Nottingham, which influenqpd the lace weavers to emigrate 
to this country in 1818-22.* 

" The Luddite riots in Nottinghamshire, England, com- 
menced March 11, 1811 and continued through a period 
of live years. The first was at Arnold, near Nottingham, 
where the unemployed stocking knitters were, for a paltry 
sum, employed to sweep the streets, and do menial work. 
By the 11th of March, their patience being exhausted, they 
assembled at midnight and smashed 60 frames, and 200 

* '• Book of Days, March 11, page 357." 



14 FINE THREAD, LACE AND HOSIERY. 

other frames were destroyed in a similar manner during 
the succeeding three weeks. 

" These riotous stockingers assumed the name of Lud- 
dites, a name said to be derived from a boy named Ludlam, 
who, when his father, a framework weaver, in Lei- 
cestershire, ordered him to 'scjuarc his needles, ' took his 
hammer and beat them into a heap.'' 

The usual plan of o[)eration was to assemble at night 
armed with swords and pistols, hanmiers and axes, under 
the leadership of one man who was styled "Ned Ludd." Each 
man was distinguished by a number, instead of name, 
and all were disguised. They })roceeded to the place of de- 
struction and those armed with weapons surrounded and 
guarded the place, while those with hammers entered and 
smashed the needles and sinkers of the frames with un- 
sparing hands. When this destruction was completed, they 
would reassemble at a short distance and call a roll of the 
numbers, each answering to his number. If all were there 
a pistol was fired and, removing the black handkerchiefs 
from their faces, they departed to their homes, keeping 
the most profound secrecy- 

To detect the ringleaders of these rioters, the Govern- 
ment organized a secret committee, which was supplied 
Avith a large sum of money, for the purpose of obtaining 
information, but in spite of these eflbrts the devastations 
contiiuied from time to time. 

On Sunday night Nov. 10, a party of Luddites })ro- 
ceeded to the village of Bulwell, to destroy the frames of 
Mr. Hollingsworth, who, in antici})ation of their visit, as- 
sembled some of his friends with tire arms to defend 
the property. Many shots Avere tired, and one John 
Westly was mortally wounded, Avhich so enraged the mob 
that they forced an entrance, and soon destroyed not only 
the frames, but every article of furniture about the place. 
Soon after that at Sutton, o7 frames were destroyed. 
The military took several prisoners here, four of whom 
were committed for trial. On Sunday Nov. 24, at Bask- 
ford, 34 frames were destroyed, and 11 more the following- 
day. On Dec. (i, a proclamation ordered all persons to 
remain in their homes after 10 o'clock, and all public 



FINE THREAD, LACE AND HOSIERY. 15 

houses closed, and the streets were patrolled by police and 
military. Notwithstanding these precautions, there Avere 
8(1 frames destroyed in the villages around Nottingham, 
during the next six days. 

A reward of £50 for the apprehension of any of the 
offenders was offered by the Government, but this only 
excited these men to further deeds of daring. They 
began to rob and plunder, declaring they could not starve 
in a land of plenty. On the 30th of July, 1812,'these labor 
troubles had compelled no less than 4,348 families, 15,350 
persons, nearly one-half of the inhabitants of Nottingham, 
to be applicants for relief out of the poor rates. A large 
subscription was raised to offer more liberal rewards for 
the suppression of these daring outrages, and seven of 
the rioters were apprehended and sent to Botany Bay, or 
transported. 

In iMarch, 1812, an Act of Parliament was passed, mak- 
ing it an offence punishable with death to break a stocking 
or lace machine. In April, a Mr. Trentham, a manufac- 
turer, was shot while standing at his own door ; but the 
wound did not prove fatal." The offender was never 
brought to justice, although £600 were offered for his 
apprehension. These riotous proceedings continued until 
October 1816, when they finally ceased. 

Upwards of 1000 stocking frames and a number of lace 
machines were destroyed by these organized^ stocking 
knitters and pillow-lace makers in Nottinghamshire alone ; 
and in Derl)y, Leicestershire and York counties, also 
there were many destroyed. One ofMr. Heathcote's fac- 
tories was entered by the Luddites. The machines were 
all destroyed, and the wat^man shot and killed. 

Many of the skilled workmen, who had formerly l^een 
employed by him in making machine lace, being thrown 
out of employment, resolved to emigrate to this country, 
and to start for themselves this new industry in this 
free country, leaving behind them, forever, these trouble- 
some conditions of the trade, in which they had passed 
the early part of their lives, to take with them the tools 
of their trade, and to become naturalized citizens of the 
country of their adoption. This resolution was carried 



16 FINE THREAD, LACE AND HOSIERY- 

out to the letter. They could not do otherwise. They 
arrived in 1818-20 and 1822. 

Many of the hosiery weavers as well, thrown out of em- 
ployment by this wholesale slaughter of their stocking 
frames, not finding sufficient protection from riotous mobs 
of unemployed stocking knitters and pillow-lace weavers, 
resolved to emigrate to America. Had the wealthy 
gentlemen and nobilit}'^ of England devoted the funds 
collected to punish these poor knitters to charitable 
efforts to furnish employment for them, at more than 
starvation prices, these labor outrages could not have 
happened. 

Prior to 181'S there were no stocking machines in this 
country, although strenuous efforts were made to get 
them. rnl77ti the Conmiittee of Safety had appropriated 
£300 to Mr. Coxendfer of Maryland, Frederic County, to 
establish a stocking fiictorv, and the Society of Arts in 
New York had offered a prize of £10 for the first three 
stocking frames of iron set up in that year. The prizes 
were not claimed. 

The British government, ever extremely careful of its 
textile industries was especialh' so of its hosiery, and of its 
newly introduced lace manufacture at Nottingham. In 
order to keep these in England, excessive duties had been 
put upon the exportation of the machinery required in 
these industries. These had been from time to time in- 
creased, until they amounted to actual prohibition. 

Every obstacle was placed in the way of skilled workers 
in these branches of industry, to prevent them from leav- 
ing the country, and especially their emigration to the 
United States of America. A penalty of £40 for the ex- 
portation of a stocking machine existed till 1788. It was 
then increased from time to time till it amounted to a pro- 
hibitory duty and the penalty for exporting lace machinery 
in 1818 amounted to an excessive fine of £500, much 
beyond the means of the ordinary workman to pay, and 
transportation for a term of years if })ayment was not 
made. The agitation of the labor question, at about this 
time, and the recent Luddite troubles furnished a pre- 
text for extremely stringent laws in this respect. 



FINE THREAD, LACE AND HOSIERY. 17 

In the face of all this, as we have said, some of the 
better class of the lace weavers and stocking weavers 
resolved to come and bring the tools of their trade with 
them, even if these excessive fines had to be paid. The 
first delegation of these men had enough of King George's 
pictures in yellow metal, in their pockets, to brave the 
consequences. It is an open secret, that some of these 
golden pictures were actually used to facilitate the trans- 
portation of the tools and eflects ot these skillful men to 
America. I have heard it boldly said that the bobbins, 
points, guides and needles of lace stocking machines came 
into Boston in 1818 and 1822, secreted in pots of good 
Yorkshire butter. Whether these pots of butter paid an 
export duty to the British Government I am unable to 
tell. 

The first stocking machine, which reached this part of 
the country, came out of England from Liverpool, in 
1818. Some incidents in the history of this machine are 
interesting. It was first bought in Nottingham, then 
packed in two boxes and sent to a framesmith to be re- 
paired and repacked for its trip to America. It was then sent 
to Liverpool and left upon the wharf where an old brig 
was lying, being laden with salt stowed loosely in bulk. 
It was taken by a stevedore and placed upon the 
keelson away up in the bows of the ship, and packed deep 
in the salt. The brig dropped down to the mouth of 
the harbor, and was overhauled and inspected thoroughly 
(as they thought) by the Custom House men. Trunks and 
boxes were inspected and long sticks run into the salt but 
these two boxes with the adventurous machine escaped 
detection. 

Its passage in the brig, which was destined to a south- 
ern port, was a stormy one. She was driven out of her 
course several times, by adverse winds, for over sixty 
days. Then, when some miles outside of Massachusetts 
Bay, she was spoken by a schooner bound for Boston, to 
which the machine and its adventurous owners were 
transferred, and the brig, with her lost reckoning rectified, 
and her mechanical " Jonah " not overboard, but reshipped 
on an American schooner, went on her southbound way 



18 FINE THREAD, LACE AND HOSIERY. 

rejoicing, no doubt. The schooner arrived in Boston on 
Sept. 4, 1818. The boxes were put upon a produce wagon, 
carted to Watertown, and carefully unloaded at a little 
house by the river, near the present Etna Mills. When 
the boxes were opened it was found that one of the most 
important parts of the machine was missing. Its sinker 
bar and all its sinkers had been left behind in England. 

By the ingenuity and skill of one of its owners, these 
were replaced during the iirst winter in its new home ; 
then it was used under the management of its two owners, 
six hours on and six hours oH', through the day and night, 
for the greater part of its two first years in this country. 
It was then there came the lace makers, and the starting 
of the Lace Factory in Watertown, which gave it a long 
time of rest, but it finally reached Ipswich to do duty 
while the New England lace company was getting a foot- 
hold in this good old town. 

This machine was brought to Ipswich in 1822 by Ben- 
jamin Fewkes and George Warner, its joint owners. I 
have been told that the first pair of stockings, woven upon 
this machine in Ipswich, were made by Mr. Benjamin 
Fewkes, Sr., in the kitchen ot a house, which then stood 
upon the site of the present South Congregational meet- 
ing house. 

The successful transfer of this first stocking machine 
furnished a clew to others, who were anxious to get the 
lace machines introduced into this country. The essential 
and more delicate parts of the lace machines were brought 
over concealed in the effects of the lace weavers from 
Heathcoat's factories, who came in numbers soon after this 
time. In this instance the more bulky heavy bars and 
frame work of the lace machines were constructed here, 
from drawings and ideas of skilled machinists who came 
over about the same time. A factory was brought into 
successful operation in Watertown near the Newton bound- 
dary line, by the capital engaged in the enterprise, and the 
lace machines were in working order in the spring of 1820, 
where they continued till 1822. 

A gentleman of Ipswich, Mr. Augustine Heard, and 
others, becoming interested in the enterprise, the machines 



FINE THREAD, LACE AND HOSIERY. 19 

were removed to Ipswich, and located in the building 
nearest the mill dam and foot bridge, on the south side 
of the river in 1824. This company was called the Boston 
and Ipswich Lace Company. Another rival company, of 
which Dr. Thomas Manning and others were promoters 
and stockholders, was started in 1828. This was called 
the New England Lace Company, This new company 
located itself npon the old Dr. Manning homestead on High 
street, the site of the residence of the late Joseph Ross, 
Esq. This building has been remodelled and beautilied 
with architectural elegance by the its recent proprietor. 
The west front room was used for the weaving room ; the 
front chamber over this was used for warping, winding 
and mending the lace ; the rear lower rooms, west, were 
used for washing and for a machine shop. The east rooms 
were the residence of Mr. Clark the superintendent. Mr. 
Fewkes was a stockholder and worked in each of these 
three factories. 

The names of the persons employed by this lace enter- 
prise in Ipswich were as follows : — 

Sup't, John Clark; machinists, James Peatfield, Joseph 
Peatfield, Sanford Peatfield ; lace weavers, Benjamin 
Fewkes, Samuel Gadd, George Gadd, James Clark, John 
Trueman, Mr. Watts, George Warner, Samuel Hunt, Sr., 
John Morley, James Cartwright, Sr., Charles Bamford, 
Sr., and Mr. Harrison. The warpers and winders were 
young men and boys as follows: Thomas and William 
Gadd, William and Henry Fewkes, Samuel Hunt, Jr., 
Charles Bamford, Jr., and others. There were also em- 
ployed many women and girls, mending, embroidering and 
washing lace, who were mostly the wives and daughters 
of the workmen and some others of Ipswich birth whose 
names I am unable to give. 

The managers of the lace enterprise also made an effort 
looking to the introduction of a silk industry in Ipswich. 

Mr. Augustine Heard (I have been told), who was one 
of the first movers of the Lace Company, imported from 
China in one of his vessels some eggs of the mulberry 
Moth (^Bombyx7nori)A The transportation of the eggs 
was accomplished by packing them in small silk bags which 
were worn about the person of the Chinaman who brought 



20 FINE THREAD, LACE AND HOSIERY. 

them. This was done to ensure the proper temperature 
for them on the voyage, as the temperature during some 
of the colder days was too low to ensure their safe 
transportation without this precaution. These were put 
in charge ot Mr. Clark the superintendent of the lace fac- 
tory, and a room was set apart for them in the factory 
ard kept at the proper temperature to hatch the eggs. 
Prior to this time, a nurseryman in Newton, Mr. William 
Kendrick, had planted a large stock of white mulberry 
trees {Morns alba), a native tree of China, and had ad- 
vertised the same largely in all the papers of the day. In 
fact a furor for silk raising had been created, not unlike 
the celebrated Tulip mania in Holland several years 
previous. Great quantities of these trees were sold and, 
among others, Dr. Manning became interested. He had 
the side hill in the rear of the Old Manning homestead 
graded and terraced, and planted with these trees of the 
white mulberry. When the eggs of the mulberry moth 
came into town these trees had attained two or three years 
of growth. 

When the writer was a small boy, I think it was in the 
spring of 1832, his father took him with others to the 
lace factory, now the estate of the late Joseph Ross, 
to see the machines weaving lace. Mr. Clark escorted the 
party through the works, showing and describing the 
different machines and processes by which the lace was 
woven, cleansed, mended and wrought, to get it into a 
marketable condition. He then took them into a room 
set apart from the others, in which were a number of cases 
containing trays, the bottoms of which were made of lace. 
These were covered with young and tender green leaves, 
upon which were innumerable worms like caterpillars, 
all voraciously eating the leaves. In some of the trays 
the worms were as large as an ordinary appletree caterpil- 
lar, nearly one and a half inches long. From this size 
they varied, in other trays, to about one quarter of an 
inch in length. Each tray seemed to be occupied with 
similar worms representing diflerent ages of the hatch. 
Mr. Clark said the larger worms were fed with the older 
leaves, while the younger required the more delicate, 
younger foliage. As I remember their appearance, the 



FINE THREAD, LACE AND HOSIERY. 21 

more mature and larger worms, scattered over the green 
leaves, were of a golden yellow color. In some of the 
trays the worms had nearly finished eating and would 
soon begin to spin their cocoons. He also showed the 
party cocoons all formed and showed how readily the silk 
could be unwound from the cocoon in one continuous 
thread. The temperature of the room in which these 
silkworms were kept was much higher than that of other 
rooms. He then escorted the party out through the gar- 
den in the rear of the factory to a terrace at the foot 
of the hill where the young mulberry trees were growing 
and showed them where the tender leaves had been 
gathered. I cannot tell how many seasons this experiment 
was continued ; probably it was abandoned at the time the 
lace works closed, I think in the winter of 1832-3. 

This Company continued its factory in operation till 
1832, when it foiled to procure the usual supply of 
thread, which had been imported from England. Linen 
thread of suflScient fineness for the work could not at that 
time be spun in this country, owing chiefly to the dry 
atmosphere. It was always spun by secret methods in 
damp cellars in England and France. The British govern- 
ment, finding that the lace machines and workmen had 
really escaped to this country, and that lace was being 
woven from imported thread, put an excessive export duty 
upon thread, and allowed manufactured lace to go out free. 
This ruined the industry of lace weaving in Ipswich, and 
its promoters lost their investment. 

Finding themselves out of employment, the lace-makers 
returned to their old business of weaving hosiery. Many 
of them went to Germantown, Pa., where some imported 
frames were in use, and (^hers to Portsmouth, N. H., 
where some frames had been introduced, during the term 
of the lace industry in Ipswich. Some of the most skill- 
ful remained in Ipswich, and in 1832, the Peatfield 
brothers made for Mr. Benjamin Fewkes two new stock- 
ing frames, which were the first made in New England, 
and I think the first made in this country. He began the 
manufacture of hosiery in a small shop on High St. near 
his dwelling. Mr. George Warner established a similar 
shop on the site of the Damon Block, directly opposite 



22 FINE THREAD, LACE AND HOSIERY. 

the B. & M. R. R. station. He bought the interest of Mr. 
Fewkes in the original machine, but sold it to Mr. John 
Bilsoii, with whom it went back to Newton in 1840. Mr. 
Samuel Hunt, Sen., began work in a shop on East St. in 
the rear of his dwelling, and Mr. Charles Bamford, Sen., 
in the shop still standing in the rear of his dwelling, the 
old Frisbie house on County St. Each of these stocking 
makers had only two machines. 

It is said that Timothy Bayley, of Albany was the first 
to put power to the Lee frame, in 1831. I know that in 
1 834 James and Sanford Peatfield of Ipswich had a rotary 
warp frame in successful operation in the Old Saw Mill 
building by the Cove in Ipswich. Jesse Fewkes at that 
time was their "Winder Lad" and can vouch for the age 
of this great improvement in warp machines. They also 
invented a round knitting machine in 1841 or about that 
time. 

The Census Report of 1900 says, "The only stocking 
factory in the United States in 1831 was the Newburyport 
Hose Manufacturing Company." Ipswich I think is en- 
titled to the credit of manufocturing stockings by ma- 
chine nine years prior to this first recorded date, and in 
1833 therewere four well-started hosiery manufactories in 
this town. It is true that these were small but they were 
the seed from which has grown a mighty creation, a tex- 
tile giant. The total amount invested in this industry in 
the United States in 11)00 was $95,482,556. There were 
employed in that year 69,829 machines, operated by 
83,387 [persons and the value of its production for that 
year was $95,482,566. In Massachusetts alone the capi- 
tal employed w^as $6,288,675. There were 6,667 work- 
men employed and 5,003 machines, and they produced 
$6,620,257 worth of hosiery goods, in 54 establishments 
or factories. 

The American inventor has made great improvements 
on the old English method of hosiery making. The 
American "Latch Needle" which came out somewhere 
in the forties of the last century, was a most simple and 
efiective device, which completely revolutionized the 
machines for the manufacture of hosiery. The Lee stock- 
ing frame had remained for nearly 250 years in practically 



FINE THREAD, LACE AND HOSIERY. 



23 



the same stage of development ; all improvements on the 
original device during this time had been merely accesso- 
ries to the old machine, but the introduction of the latch 
needle made possible the rotary knitting machine and, 
consequently, automatic action in all its parts, and steam 
power for its motive. 

The census of 1900 gives the entire number of Latch 
needle machines in this country at that time as 55,816, 
while the entire number of machines weaving hosiery 
with the old-fashioned Beard needle was 14,013, which 
fact speaks well for the American inventor's work. 

The more beautiful and artistic industry, the weaving 
of fine laces by machines, has never recovered in Ipswich 
form the disastrous failm-e it experienced and it remains 
an unexplored but inviting field of industry on this side 
the Atlantic. 



IPSWICH MILLS AND FACTORIES. 



At the very beginning of the settlement of our Town, 
a grist mill was an imperative necessity, and at the first 
Town meeting of which definite record remains in 1634, 
"Itt is concluded and consented unto that Mr. John Spen- 
cer and Mr. Nicholas Easton shall have liberty e to build 
a Mill and a Ware uppon the Town River, about the fiiUes 
of it uppon this condicon, that they shall pte with an equal 
share of theire Fish to all the inhabitants of this Town if 
they bee demanded att five shill. a thousand more or less 
according to the comon price of the Countrye." The 
"Falls" alluded to, were probably only rapids, but various 
allusions to removing rocks about the dam indicate that 
in its natural state, our River ran rapidlj^ in a rocky bed, 
where the large dam stands, and lower down, in the rocky 
gulch by the saw mill. This was the natural location for 
a dam, and the fish "ware" was estal)lished for the taking 
of the shad and alewives which ascended the stream 
in great numbers. The original grantees left the Town, 
perhaps before the dam and grist mill were built, and 
Mr. Richard Saltonstall, son of Sir Richard, and one 
of the most important citizens of our Town succeeded 
to the grant. The dam was constructed at about the 
place where the new dam stands, we may suppose, and 
the grist mill was probably near the spot now occupied 
by the old stone mill. For many years, Mr. Saltonstall en- 
joyed a monopoly of the business. Corn was brought to 
mill from the whole great township to be ground into In- 
dian meal, the great food staple of the time. At length 
complaints were made about the miller, that he was un- 
skillful, and disobliging, and a communication from the 
"Worshipful Richard Saltonstall Esq." then in England 
was received and entered on the Town Record in 1671, 
promising that a skillful and acceptable miller, should be 

(24) 



IPSWICH MILLS AND FACTORIES. 25 

sent. But there were many apparently, who were not so 
easily satisfied, and the Town declared that the number of 
inhabitants was too great for one Indian corn mill. In ref- 
erence to this demand, Mr. Saltonstall asked and received 
liberty in April 1682, to build another grist mill, near 
Sergeant Clark's. Thos. Clark owned and occupied the 
northeast corner of Summer and Water Sts. by the river 
side, and the scheme of a mill contemplated a dam across 
the river at this point, and the utilizing of the tides. The 
privilege was granted ''provided he have gates eighteen or 
twenty feet wide, to let up canoes or boats loaded into the 
cove and to let out boats and canoes when the tide serves." 

Jonathan Wade and others opposed this, and the reason 
may have been that he had received in 1673, "that little 
island of rocks at the falls, in exchange for so much to 
enlarge the highway by the windmill* provided he hinder 
no man from taking away loose rocks, nor hinder fish 
ways, nor making of a bridge, nor prejudice the mills," 
and in 1649, he had received permission to set up a saw 
mill, which may have been built at this point. Cornet 
Whipple had also received permission in 1673 to build a 
fulling mill, "at the smaller falls, by Ezekiel Woodward's 
house," provided Mr. Saltonstail's grist mill at the upper 
falls and another fulling mill already begun, at the upper 
fall probably, were not "prejudiced." A dam lower down 
the river naturally threatened the privileges of the mills 
on the island. Nothing resulted from this scheme of a 
tide mill, and in 1686, as the need of another mill was 
increasingly pressing, the selectmen granted liberty to 
any one to build a grist mill at the falls, "by or near Good- 
man Rust," "provided they damnify not the upper grist 
mills." 9 

In March 1686/7, "Sar. Nicholas Wallis" received per- 
mission " to improve the water by damming in the river 
against his own land, not exceeding three foot for the 
building a fulling mill or mills, provided he do it within 
a year and a half." He lived near the present Norwood 
mills. In 1(567, for the convenience of this neighbor- 

* The windmill was built undoubtedly on " Wiud-mill Hill." The date of its 
erection is not known. 



26 IPSWICH MILLS AND FACTORIES. 

hood, "John Addams, Nath. Addaras, Samuel Addams, 
Joseph Safford, Nicholas Wallis and Thomas Stace, upon 
consideration of there building a bridge over the river at 
there own expense," were "freed from working in the 
common highway for 7 years to come." A corn mill was 
erected as well, perhaps by John Adams, as John Adams, 
Sen,, conveyed his property to John, Jun., including 
"half the land the corn mill stands" in April, 1698. The 
deed mentions " the little dam." The grist mill and a 
saw mill, known as "Adams's Mills," were sold by the 
widow to Paul Dodge in 1750. 

His son Barnabas succeeded him, and David, son of 
Barnabas, sold to Ammi Smith in 1827, and the Smith heirs 
to Caleb and Jerome Norwood in 1868. The sawing of 
fine veneers was carried on with success. The fulling 
mill was operated by the Warners, and William Warner 
added a carding machine prior to 1794. This property 
was conveyed by the Warner heirs to Ammi Smith, in 
1858. The water power once utilized for the fulling and 
scouring mill, and the carding of wool, is now used by 
the isinglass factory. A saw mill also is still in use- 

In the year 1687, Nehemiah Jewet was granted leave 
to dam the Egypt River and build a grist mill, and in 
1691, Thomas Boreman received permission to seta grist 
mill on Labour-in-vain Creek, provided he built within 
two years. The mill on Egypt river was built, near the 
residence of Mr. John Tenney, and some faint remains 
are still visible. There is no evidence of which I am 
aware, that Mr. Boreman ever built. 

The presumption is rather against this, as Col. Salton- 
stall, son of Richard, received permission anew in June, 
1695, to utilize the location by Sergeant Clark's. Renewed 
opposition was made to this project in a written document 
signed by many, who protested that this grant should not 
be voted. 

"1. Because it stops a navigable river. 

" 2. Because it will damnifie Col. Saltonstall's grant. 
{{. e. the upper mill privilege, I presume). 

" 3. Because severall other places which will answer ye 
Town's ends are proposed, which will do less damage to 
proprietors." 



IPSWICH MILLS AND FACTORIES. 27 

Apparently no further steps were taken by Col. Salton- 
stall, as permission was granted March 24, 1696, to Ed- 
mund Potter and others to set up a dam and grist mill on 
Mile Brook, "not to damnify Col. Appleton's saw-mill." 
The grist mill was located on the spot where the old mill 
still stands on the Oliver Smith farm. Col. Appleton's 
saw mill was a little to the eastward of the bridge over 
Mile River. Still there was a cry for a mill by Sergeant 
Clark's, and again, on Nov. 4, 1696, it was voted, " Two 
or three persons that are so minded shall have liberty to 
erect a mill and raise a dam across ye River by or near ye 
house where John Clark, Carpenter, formerly lived." 
But no mill was built, and eventually the privilege at the 
Lower Falls was improved by Robert Calef who received 
permission in March 1714/15. 

William Dodge purchased the mill and privilege at the 
Lower Falls, but he was not content and in 1730, he re- 
peated the old plea for a location "at the end of Green 
Lane," "near Sergeant Clark's formerly so called." He pro- 
posed to build a dam with gates 20 feet wide to permit 
boats to pass, and then "throw up his works at the Falls 
and remove the grist mill he had lately bnilt there down 
to the place petitioned for." This was negatived and no 
further attempt was made to place a mill at this spot. 

The Saltonstall heirs continued to hold an interest in the 
upper Mills until 1729. In that year they sold to John 
Waite and Samuel Dutch, their interest in two grist mills 
and a fulling mill, dye-house, house for the miller etc., 
and a saw mill which had been built on the east side of the 
river, near the residence of Mr. Clark Abell. Dutch sold 
his interest in the grist mills and fulling mill, to Waite. 
In 1746, Benj. Dutch bouglft of Philemon Dean a half in- 
terest in the mill property. The m'ills had been operated 
for many years by Michael Farley and his sons, and they 
acquired ownership. He had come from England in 1675, 
as a skilled miller, to take charge, and his immediate de- 
scendants were concerned in the mills for more than a 
hundred and fifty years. 

Grist mills and saw mills had now been erected to meet 
the needs of the people, but before the century ended a 
new enterprise of a different character engaged the atten- 



28 IPSWICH MILLS AND FACTORIES. 

tion of our town's folk. Cloth of every kind was still 
woven on handlooms. Not a few men were weavers by 
trade, and they produced the necessary woolen and linen 
fabrics, for such as could not weave for themselves, and 
their work was probably upon the finel- quality of broad- 
cloths and other fine fabrics for the expensive garments 
of the gentry. But the great bulk of woolen and cotton 
or linen stuffs, homespun cloths, flannels, quilts, blankets, 
towelling, and table linen, and plain cotton for family 
wear, were made by the busy housewives on the family 
loom. 

In 1785, Edmund Cartwright, an Oxford graduate and 
a minister of the Established Church, exhibited in Eng- 
land a power-loom, which he had invented. It was a rude 
machine, but it embodied an idea of the profoundest sig- 
nificance. It established the fact that the slow and labo- 
rious hand labor at the loom, was destined to give place 
to the more rapid and economical work of machines. His 
invention met the fate of all great and revolutionary dis- 
coveries. The introduction of it was vehemently opposed 
as disastrous to the handicraft of multitudes, and a mill 
which had been erected and fitted up with 500 of his 
looms was maliciously burned down. There was living 
in Ipswich at that time a man of remarkably progressive 
mind. Dr. John Manning. He had introduced inocula- 
tion as a preventive of small [)ox some years before, on 
his return from England, and had faced a storm of cal- 
umny and reproach for his determined conduct in inocu- 
lating some members of his own family. He was quick to 
see the great value of Cartwright's invention, and in 1792, 
only seven years after the invention was exhibited, he had 
received a grant of a piece of land, where Caldwell's 
Block stands today, that he might erect a l)uilding for si 
woolen manufactory. Mrs. Elizabeth Brown's house was 
sacrificed, but the public was greatly benefited. The 
mill was erected, and the manufacture of coarse cloths 
and blankets was begun in 1794. The business proved 
unprofitable and was given up in 1800, but this modest 
venture is a towering landmark in the industrial history 
of our town and of the Commonwealth. Dr. Manning's 
woolen factory must have been one of the earliest of tex- 



IPSWICH MILLS AND FACTOEIES. 29 

tile manufactories on this side the Atlantic. The build- 
ing was subsequently purchased by Mr. Stephen Coburn 
and was destroyed by fire. 

The decade 1820 to 1830 was a period of extraordinary 
interest in industrial affairs. For many years the mak- 
ing of pillow lace had engaged the leisure of girls and 
women. It was a local industry, as it would seem, and its 
origin is unknown. Eeferring to Ipswich in 1692, a 
writer says, '' Silk and thread lace of an elegant and last- 
ing texture are manufactured in large quantities by women 
and children and sold for use and exportation."* The 
industry had attained such large proportions in 1790 that 
more than 40,000 yards of lace were produced each year, 
according to Mr. Felt, the annalist of our Town. 

In 1824, the Boston and Ipswich Lace Co. was incor- 
porated with a capital of $150,000. The house near the 
Foot Bridge, still known as the old Lace Factory, was 
bought and the manufacture of machine lace was begun. 
The New England Lace Co., with a capital of $50,000, 
was established in 1827, on High St., in the building 
now included in the Joseph Ross homestead. Mr. 
Fewkeshas told the story of the inception of these indus- 
tries and their untimely ruin, in lucid fashion. The 
Boston and Ipswich Co. closed its affairs in 1827, and 
the New England in 1833. But the ancient industry of 
pillow lace manufacture had been completely supplanted, 
and never attained its former volume. 

The influx of skilled Eng-lish artisans that has been of 
the greatest industrial value to our Town began probably 
about the year 1822, when Benjamin Fewkes and George 
Warner came with their ''frame" for the machine knitting 
of hosiery. Mr. Fewkes' confident assertion that stock- 
ings were knit in old Ipswich in 1822, suggests that 
Ipswich men were in the van of this great industry, as 
Dr. Manning had been with his power looms in the 
woolen manufacture. But the lace-making and stocking- 
knitting were to be supplemented by another fruitful in- 
dustry. Joseph Farley, the last in the line of millers, 
was not content with the ancestral business of grinding 

*Mr. M. V. B. Perley in hia History of Ipswich, in History of Essex County 
Mass., Boston, 1878. 



30 IPSWICH MILLS AND FACTORIES. 

coru. He couceived the scheme of utilizing the water 
power, hitherto used for the grist mills and fulling mill 
and the saw mill, for a cotton mill. A company was or- 
ganized and work was begun on an extensive scale. 

A new dam was built in 1827, an ancient ford way 
across the river near the old Lace Factory was closed bj- 
permission of the Town, and the stone mill was erected at 
large expense. The machinery was started in 1<S30. In 
1832 it had 3000 spindles and' 260 looms. It spun Xos. 
30 and 32 yarn, used 80,000 lbs. of cotton, made 450,000 
yards of cloth annually, worth from 9J to 10 cents. It 
employed on an average 18 males and 63 females.* The 
Ipswich Manufacturing Company, with Joseph Farley as 
its President, operated boldly. The lower grist mills, 
and other buildings on tlie Island were secured. Land on 
Elm St. was bought, and permission of the owners of the 
estate now owned by Mr. Clark Abell was secured, pre- 
liminary to building a canal from the River above the 
upper dam, across the Heard estate to the river. The 
Asa Andrews estate and the old Lace Factory were 
purchased and other lands, including the saw mill.f But 
financial difficulties arose, and in 1836 Mr. Farley con- 
veyeil his interests to the Company. In 1846, a new 
Company, known as the Dane Manufacturincr Co.. pur- 
chased the mills and other properties from the Ipswich 
Manufacturing Co. The manufacture of drilling was 
continued. 

Meanwhile the hosiery manufacture and kindred indus- 
tries were coming into greater prominence. The four 
small manuf;ictories, mentioned by Mr. Fewkes, iu which 
stockings were knit on hand frames, were supplemented 
by a larger industry, as early as 1834. In a building, 
erected by the Heard< at the Lower Mills, James Peat- 
field and his brother Sanford, were engaged iu knitting 
shirts and drawers upon a warp frame, invented by James, 
at least as early as that year. 

Encouraged by their success, the Peatfield brothers 
bought the laud in 1840. and proceeded to build the brick 

•Felt: Hist, of Ipswich, y>. UU. 

f This old saw mill fell into ruin, but a new building for reener sawing was 
built by Mr. Benjamin C. Hoyt, about 1S43. This was removed by Mr. -James M. 
Wellington about the year 1S5S, to its present location on Count}- Street. 



IPSWICH MILLS AND FACTORIES. 31 

factory, now known as '' Hayes Tavern." It was efiuipped 
with machinery invented by Jame.s, and began at once a 
prosperous business in the {production of underwear. Mr. 
Geo. W. Heard was the warm friend of the enteq)rise 
and advanced money for the new manufactory. But the 
business had been established only a few years, when Mr. 
Heard was obliged to go into bankruptcy and the Peat- 
fields were hopelessly involved. Mr. Heard began the 
knitting business in the building at the Lower Mills about 
1845, with Mr. Jabez Mann as Superintendent. He se- 
cured the help of Mr. James Glover, who came from 
England with a long warp machine. Mr. John liirch 
and other skilled workmen were engaged as well. 

Th<; Pcattield brothers lont their building and business 
for a time, but recovered in a few years. Sanford Peat- 
field sold his share of building and land, but James Peat- 
field began the manufacture of the nets then in vogue for 
women's wear, and continued it profitably for years. In 
a building in the rear of the brick one, which was re- 
moved from the County House land, a ncAv corporation, 
known as the Lincoln Manufacturing Co., cariied on a 
business first of weaving flannel, and later of hosiery' 
making. 

At Willowdale, within the bounds of Hamilton, Dr. 
Thomas Manning had built a dam in 1829 and a wooden 
saw mill. The mill was soon burned and another was 
erected, which was used in part for the sawing of ve- 
neers and for turning. The more permanent -tone build- 
ings, the factory and the boarding-house on the hill slope, 
were in process of erection, and about the year 1834, the 
looms were installed and the weaving of woolen goods be- 
gan. The factory was ow^ned by Dr. Manning and it was 
called "Manning's Mills." During the War of the Re- 
bellion hosiery machiner}' was in operation and in 1864, 
there were manufactured 55,000 pairs of army socks and 
woolen goods to the value of $135,000. 

The hosiery makinjr gave way to the manufacture of 
blankets, by the Willowdale Manufacturing Co., and many 
houses had been erect^id for the operatives. The Mill was 
destroyed by fire, January 12, 1884, and was not rebuilt. 
The stone house has been taken down and except a tem- 



32 



IPSWICH MILLS AND FACTORIES. 



porary use of a wooden building l)uilt on the ruins of the 
old mill, no use has since been made of the water power 
at this spot. 

The decade 1860 to LSTO was the period of another 
great advance in the textile industry of the Town. In 
1863, Henry L. Ordway and Sylvanus F. Canney bought 
a piece of land on County St., intending to establish a 
saw mill. It was proposed that a yarn mill should be 
erected instead. A capital stock of $40,000 was secured, 
about half in our Town, and the Company was organized 
with N. W. Pierce and George G. Colman of Boston, 
Joseph Ross, Capt. Thomas Dodge and Henry L. Ord- 
way of Ipswich as Directors, and the firm of Pierce, 
Hardy & Co., as selling agents. 

After about five years, the Corporation decided to use 
its yarn. The capital was increased to $50',000, knitting 
machinery was introduced and the manufacture of hosiery 
was begun. A few years of great prosperity followed. 
The capital was increased to $75,000, and the building 
was enlarged and equipped with the most improved ma- 
chines. The work produced was of the finest quality, 
and the most skilful operatives earned ten and twelve 
dollars a week. Employment was also furnished to three 
shops, where skilled English hosiery makers worked on 
hand frames. Burrows & Hunt, Chas. Bamford cS; Son, 
employing eight men, and John Birch, with twelve men in 
his employ, were constantly engaged on work for this 
Mill. The stockholders rejoiced in ten per cent, divi- 
dends, and ninety percent, of the original investment had 
been paid to investors, when sudden calamity befell this 
prosperous and promising business. The great fire in 
Boston in the fall of 1873 consumed a large amount of 
finished goods. The insurance companies were bank- 
rupt and only 38 cents on a dollar were realized b}^ the 
Company. From this time the business was conducted 
in the face of great difficulties, but with less and less suc- 
cess, until the doors were closed in January, 1885. 

The manufacture of cotton cloth was continued in the 
Stone Mill until 1868 or thereabout. In that year, Mr. 
Amos A. Lawrence of Boston having purchased for 
$70,000 the mills and other property owned by that cor- 



IPSWICH MILLS AND FACTORIES. 83 

poration, transferred the property to the Ipswich Mills 
Co. The cotton loom^ were removed and hosiery ma- 
chinery was introduced. For a time, business was con- 
ducted at a loss. The Company was unfortunate in 
its superintendents, and the secret of profitable man- 
ufacture was not attained. The loss Avas so great, that 
Mr. Lawrence was on the verge of abandoning the enter- 
prise, when a young Nottingham manufacturer, Mr, Ev- 
erard H. Martin, was chosen superintendent. With his 
coming, an era of prosperity dawned, and for many years, 
this Corporation has been the chief industrial enterprise 
of the town. When reverse overtook the Woolen Mills, 
that property was purchased and has since been operated 
by the Ipswich Mills. The plant has been enlarged from 
time to time, and all branches of the business, even to 
the making of the paper boxes, and the wooden shipping 
cases, are now carried on, and a branch Mill is operated 
in South Boston. At present, the superintendent is Mr. 
Harry B. Brown. About 800 operatives are employed. 
The annual product is estimated at a million dollars, and 
the pay roll is from eight to ten thousand dollars a week. 

The hand frame business prospered for many years. 
James Glover manufactured nets, the Hallams produced 
fine knit goods, and single frames were operated here and 
there by a few expert workmen. But this line of manu- 
facture has become unprofitable, and at the present time 
it is said that the hand frame weavino; which beijan with 
the operation of the pjiiglish loom, in 1822, has ceased and 
the whole textile production of the Town is the output 
of the Ipswich Mills. 

The saw mills, once numerous, have suffered similar 
decline. The Island, granted to Jonathan Wade, became 
a busy centre of industry. A fulling mill, two saw mills 
and a grist mill flourished in the 18"' century. A manu- 
factory of knit goods was added in the 19"* century. 
This building was used as a saw mill by the Damon heirs 
and was burned some years ago. A single building, used 
for a grist mill, originally, now stands unused. One 
small saw mill and one grist mill, are the only represen- 
tatives today of these ancient and important industries. 



ANNUAL MEETING. 



The Annual Meeting of the Ipswich Historical Society 
was held December 7, 1903, at the House of the Society. 
The following officers Avere elected. 

President. — T. Frank Waters. 
Vice Presidents. — John B. Brown, 

Francis R. Appleton, 
Dh'ectors. — Charles A. Sayward, 
John H. Cogswell, 
John W. Nourse. 
Clerk. — John W. Goodhue. 

Correspond'g Sec. and Jreasurer. — T. Frank Waters. 
Librarian. — John J. Sullivan. 

Social Committee. 

Mrs. J. J. Sullivan, 
Mrs. Chas. A. Sayward, 
Mrs. Edward F. Brown, 
Mrs. Cordelia Damon, 
Miss Susan C. Whipple, 
Miss Lucy Slade Lord, 
Miss C. Bertha Dobson. 

The Committee was authorized to add three members 
of their own choosing. 



(34) 



PRESIDENT'S REPORT, DEC. 7, 11)03. 



The year just closed has been devoid of any striking 
features, yet it has been full of interest. 

Our House continues to attract large numbers of visi- 
tors, who are always enthusiastic in their admiration of 
the ancient mansion. By a singular coincidence, the 
number of names recorded is very uniform. In 1901, 
there were 1,008 names, in 1902, 1,052, and in 190o, 
1,097. The gain, though slight, is gratifying. Of these, 
only 173 were names of Ipswich citizens. 483 were resi- 
dents of other cities and towns in Massachusetts, and 402 
were from other States, including representatives from 
nearly every State, and a few from foreign lands- The 
most noteworthy of our foreign visitors was Ali Kuli 
Khan of Teheran, Persia, who appended, to his well writ- 
ten English autograph, the indecipherable signs and sym- 
bols of his native language. 

The small number of Ipswich visitors is hardly a fair 
test of the interest of our town's folk. Many come to the 
house on social occasions, when names are not registered, 
and it is encourao-inof to note that the names of our mem- 
bers and town's people are invariably recorded with the 
names of strangers. This indicates that visiting friends 
are brought to the House, and reveals a real appreciation 
of its interest and value. 

The Woman's Club utilized the House on March 6th, 
for their Reception to Visitors. The Old South Chapter 
of the D. A. R. came on May 26, and the South Boston 
Chapter of the D. R. on June 13th. The large Art 
Class of jNIr. Dow came for an evening lecture by the 
President on July 31st. The most significant gathering, 
however, was the Annual Meeting of .the Daniel Hovey 
Association on Aug. 6th. By permission of the Society, 

(35) 



36 president's report. 

a fine bronze tablet had been placed on the wall of the 
Cabinet Room, bearing this inscription : 

In 

loving and reverent 

memory 

of 

Daniel Hovey 

born in England 1618 

died in Ipswicli, 1692 



This tablet is erected 
by his descendants 

at the beginning of the 
twentieth century. 



He was 

a patriotic citizen 

a righteous man 

and a 

sincere and consistent 

Christian. 

Services of dedication were held on that day. We wel- 
come this as a forerunner of other memorials, which will 
come in due time, we hope, and which will enhance the 
interest and value of our rooms in marked degree. 

By the kindness of Mr. Alvin Langdon Coburn of Bos- 
ton, a photographic artist of rare skill, an exhibition of 
his photographs of old houses in this vicinity, and other 
specimens of his art, was held in September, 

The usual suppers were spread, and in addition, a Mid- 
summer Tea was devised, to afford opportunity^ for a 
gathering of the summer contingent, many of whom are 
members of the Society. This was largely attended, and 
resulted in a handsome addition to our Treasury. 

On nearly all these occasions, as well as the suppers, 
our Social Committee served most appetizing lunches, 
and our Society is greatly indebted to the ladies of this 
Committee for their enthusiasm and zeal. It is a source 
of especial gratification to them that the receipts from 
these spreads have amounted to a total of $142. A por- 



president's report. 37 

tion of this has been spent wisely in purchasing an abun- 
dant supply of plated ware of good quality for table ser- 
vice and some necessarj' kitchen ware. 

The financial record of the year has been encouraging. 
The total receipts were $747.33 against $648.64 in 1902 
and $649.04 in 1901. Membership fees contributed 
$408.50 to this sum. Door fees amounted to $143.98, 
the sale of photographs brought $9,26 and the revenue 
from publications amounted to $19.82. A venture has 
been made also with a line of stationery which has been 
fairly remunerative. 

The expenses of the year have been unusually large. 
The necessity of providing an acting curator last winter, 
and the high price of fuel enlarged the house expenses 
materially. A substantial fence, strong though not beau- 
tiful, has been built around our grounds to prevent the 
constant travel across our land. An old-fashioned well- 
sweep has been erected, and the chimneys have been 
topped out to help the draught. 

These are all permanent improvements, and we need 
not anticipate any further expense in this direction. Not- 
withstanding these expenditures, the year has closed with 
$142.25 in hand, and only one small account is outstand- 
ing. 

By the kindness of the late Mrs. Elizabeth M. Brown, 
ahvays a sincere friend of the Society, a legacy of $500 
will be paid by her executors within a few months. The 
balance already in hand, added to this legacy will enable 
the Society to make a considerable reduction in the debt 
before another year has passed. 

By the death of Daniel Fuller Appleton, Esq., the So- 
ciety has lost a generous and enthusiastic friend. He has 
always encouraged new measures and contributed liberally 
to the funds needed to accomplish them. His gifts to the 
Library have been of exceptional value. The ancient 
manuscripts and rare books, intrinsically valuable, and of 
especial interest to Ipswich, which he has bestowed, will 
be a lasting memorial of his regard. 

We regret to announce that Mr. and Mrs. Ralph W. 
Burnham have ceased to be our curators. Mr. Burnham's 



38 president's report. 

collection of rare china and beautiful old furniture has 
added greatly to the attractiveness of the House. He 
has always proved an atfable host, and he has done 
especially good service for the Society during the last 
year by a carefully written description of the House with 
excellent illustrations, which was published in the Sep- 
tember number of "The House Beautiful." Mrs. Burn- 
ham has been an official of ideal excellence, painstaking 
in her care of the rooms, gracious in her welcome of visi- 
tors, and ready at all times to sacrifice her own conven- 
ience, if the Society could gain any advantage. The 
Society was singularly fortunate in securing their services 
at the time when Miss Gray removed her furnishings, 
and we have reason to regret their departure sincerely. 
Mr. Burnham's furniture will remain until spring and in 
the meantime, a vigorous effort should be made to secure 
the permanent furnishing of the Parlor. Our Town is 
rich in fine antiques, and it would seem that some gener- 
ous, public spirited people might contribute pieces of 
furniture that would restore again the glor}^ to Israel. 

Mr. and Mrs. Washington Pickard were installed in 
the House by Mr. Burnham, as substitute care-takers be- 
fore his business affairs led him to decide on removal. 
They will continue in charge through the winter. 

The Bay State League of Historical Societies of Essex 
and Middlesex, has been organized during the past year, 
and this Society has become a member. Conference with 
the representatives of other Societies at the meetings 
of this body has made it plain that few Societies have ac- 
complished as much as ours in securing permanent homes 
for themselves and rousing a stronger historic spirit in their 
communities. I have had the pleasure of a careful inspec- 
tion of the great collections of the Concord Historical So- 
ciety, and the unrivalled Museum of the Deerfield Society, 
the life-work of Hon. George Sheldon, the venerable 
President. Our Society may never attain such wealth of 
historic treasures as these, but our House is of unique and 
unapproachable value. As the burden of our mortgage 
is lightened, we may soon have larger funds for the 
work of publication, and when our Memorial Hall is 



president's report. 39 

erected on our land near by, we shall have room for a col- 
lection, which will be worthy of our ancient and honored 
Town. 

The gradual increase of our membership will furnish us 
an increasing working fund, and some rich and generous 
friends, proud of their Ipswich blood, will soon rise up, 
we trust, to bestow on us a building for memorial, and 
for use, which will enable us to make our Society all that 
we desire. Already our Home has come to wide recog- 
nition. The finest tribute to its value has recently been 
paid by the State Historical Society of Wisconsin. This 
Society wished to establish an historical museum in the 
tine building erected for its use and a colonial kitchen was 
a principal item of their plan. The Secretary, Mr. Reuben 
G. Thwaites, formerly of Dorchester, arranged for the 
construction of such a room within the long east hall of 
the Museum. The "Madison Democrat" of February 4, 
1904, reports the results of his efforts. 

"After a visit of inspection early in November, to the 
several ancient houses in the neighborhood of Boston, 
which are now maintained as museums, he decided to take 
as a model the kitchen of the Whipple homestead in the 
quaint and beautiful old town of Ipswich, this carefully- 
restored building being now the property of the Ipswich 
Historical society. Ideas were also obtained at other old 
houses particularly the famous Hancock-Clark house at 
Lexington, and the much visited Antiquarian house at 
Concord ; and numerous photographs were obtained of all 
of these." 

" The attempt to produce in our museum the general ef- 
fect of the Ipswich kitchen has been eminently successful. 
Prof. Joseph Jastrow, president of the Madison Art asso- 
ciation, early became interested in the project and from 
beginning to end devoted to it much time and thought. 
To him is due a large share of the credit attaching to the 
artistic result. The old oak beams of the original, now 
blackened with age (for the Whipple house was built " in 
part at least before 1642") , have been carefully reproduced ; 
the spacious fireplace, constructed of blackened brick ob- 
tained from Indiana, looks as though it had seen centuries 



40 president's report. 

of service ; and the walls and shelves are hung with just 
such articles of the olden time as would have been daily 
needed in a kitchen of our forefathers in colonial days. 
Interesting, indeed, are the tAvo fagades, front and rear — 
the former being fitted with a two-seated porch ; while 
opening through the latter is the sort of battened door 
used in ancient days, and fastened by a wooden latch with 
the latch-string hanging without." 

Photographs of this kitchen have been received, which 
show a remarkably fine reproduction. We anticipate an 
increase of interest in our venerable House from this 
source . 



REPORT OF CURATOR. 

Dec. 1 : U)()2-1)ec. 1; 11)03. 

Total names registered, - - - _ _ 1097 

Ipswich residents, ---____ 173 

Other towns and cities in Massachusetts, 483 

From other states, ----___ 402 

Total registration, - - - _ 1899 1,134 

----- 1900 1,513 

----- 1901 1,008 

------ 1902 1,052 

----- 1903 1,097 



(41) 



REPORT OF THE TREASURER FOR THE YEAR 
ENDING DEC. 1, 1903. 



T. Frank Waters in account with Ipswich Historical Society. 

Dr. 
Membership fees, $408 50 

House account : 

Fees at door, f 143 98 

Sale of Photos, - - 9 26 

Sale of publications, 19 82 

Sale of stationery, - G70 

Suppers and Teas (Feb. supper $39.34 ; Old South 

T>. A. R., $15.06; South Boston D. R. $10.80; 

Midsummer Tea, $42.65 ; Tea and Pho. exhibition 

$9.50; Dec. supper, $26.20) - - - - 143 65 

323 31 323 31 
Gustavus Kinsman, one half fence, ... 15 52 

747 33 
Balance, Jane 1902, 215 02 

$962 35 
Cr. 
Running expense of house, 
including fuel, care of grounds, 

and repairs, $152 53 

Work on chimneys, - 17 25 

Plated ware, etc., 39 00 

Fence and well sweep, . . - - . 84 53 

140 78 140 78 

Printing account, 131 63 

Interest account, Ill 08 

Stationery, postage, etc., 32 77 

Incidentals, -- 36 04 

Cash in hand, 142 50 

747 33 
Cash, June 1902, 215 02 

$962 35 
(42) 



DONATIONS TO THE IPSWICH HISTORICAL 

SOCIETY FOR THE YEAR ENDING 

DECEMBER 1, 1903. 



John Alhree, Jr. The Traditions of the Old Weaver's 
Clock. 

Amer-ican Antk^uarian Society. Proceedings, 1903. 

Damel Fuller a ri'LETON. Magnalia Christi Americana, 
by Cotton Mather, A.M. London, 1702. A Di- 
rectory for the Publi(|ue Worship of God throughout 
the three kingdoms of England, Scotland and Ire- 
land, with an Ordinance of Parliament taking away 
the Book of Common Prayer. London, 1644. A 
View of the new Directory and a Vindication of the 
ancient Liturgy of the Church of England. Second 
Edition. Oxford, 1646. 

Brookline (The) Magazine. 

RuFUS Choate- Bible — carried at the battle of Bunker 
Hill by Francis Merritield (Loan). 

Philip E. Clarke. First Principles of Astronomy and 
Geography. Isaac Watts, D.D. London, 1736. 

Benjamin H. Conant. Wenham Town Report, 1902-3. 

Dudley (Gov. Thomas) Family Association. Pam- 
phlet No. 1. Governor Thomas Dudley. 

Mrs. Ellis. Old Flag of William Chapman, with 18 Stars. 

Essex Institute. Historical Collections, 1903. 

Friend. Cane owned and carried by Daniel Webster. 

John S. Glover. Cane made from a piece of the 
Kearsarge, with a head, turned from a fragment of 
the old Constitution. 

Mrs. John S. Glover. Veil from the brig Falconer, 
wrecked on Ipswich Beach. Taken from the wreck 
by David Spiller. Given by him to Mrs. William 
Rust, mother of Mrs. Glover. 

Luther S. Herrick. Beverly Annual Reports. 

Augustine Jones. Life of Governor Thomas Dudley. 
George Fox in New England in 1672. William 
Rotch of Nantucket. 

Kimball Family News. 

Mrs. Edward P. Kimball. Woven Rug. 

Howard Lane. Paper Weight, Ellery House. 

(43) 



44 DONATIONS TO THE IPSWICH HISTORICAL SOCIETY. 

Manchester Historic Association, Manchester, N. H. 

The Historic Quarterly. 
Medford Historical Society. Historical Register, 

Vol. VI : No. 2. 
Oneida Historical Society. Transactions, 1903. 
Peabody Historical Society. Exercises attending the 

unveiling of the tablet at the Birthplace of George 

Peabody. 
Mrs. Richards. Part of old Lamp. 
Nathan P. Sanborn. Capt. John Glover and his Ma r- 

blehead Regiment. 
Charles A. Sayward. Deed of John Rogers, 1693. 
George Sheldon. Publications of Poquumtuck Valley 

Association. Vols, i and ii. 
Charles C. Smith. Memoir of William Sumner Ap- 

pleton. 
Mrs. Ellen M. Smith. Works of Rev. John Flavel- 

Vol. I. London, 1701. 
J. G. R. Smith. MS. Sermons by Rev. Nathaniel 

Rogers. Commission of Capt. Samuel Rogers, 1 739. 

Deeds — Norton to Wise, 1723. Continental 

money. Essex Gazette — 1771 — with an account of 

the Boston Massacre. 
Topsfield Historical Society. Publications. Vols, viii 

and IX. ' 

Bayard Tuckerman. Palfrey's History of New Eng- 
land. Calefs Wonders of the Invisible World. 
William P. Upham. John Cotton's, "Moses His Ju- 

dicialls." 
Daniel Wade. Supplement to the Year Book of 1899, 

of the Society of Sons of the Revolution in the 

State of New York, 1903. 
Watertown Historical Society. Memorial discourse 

on the Life and Character of its late President, Rev. 

Edward A. Rand. 
Mrs. Joseph Willcomb. Indian Implements collected 

by the late Capt. Joseph Willcomb. 
Oliver C. Willcomb. Willcomb Family, Sketch of 

History of Ipswich. 
Wisconsin State Historical Society. Memorial 

Volume 1901. 



RESIDENT MEMBERS. 



Dr. Charles E. Ames, 

Mrs. Susan A. R. Appleton, 

Francis R. Appleton, 

Mrs. Frances L. Appleton, 

James W. Appleton, 

Randolph M. Appleton, 

Mrs. Helen Appleton, 

Miss S. Isabel Arthur, 

Dr. G. Guy Bailey, 

Mrs. Grace F. Bailey, 

Mrs. Elizabeth H. Baker, 

Mrs. Ellen B. Baker, 

John H. Baker, 

Miss Katharine C. Baker, 

Charles W. Bamford, 

Miss Mary D. Bates, 

John A. Blake, 

Mrs. Caroline E. Bomer, 

James W. Bond, 

Warren Boynton, 

Miss Annie Gertrude Brown, 

Charles W. Brown, 

Edward F. Brown, 

Henry Brown* 

Mrs. Carrie R. Brown, 

Mrs. Elizabeth Brown, 

Miss Isabelle G. Brown, 

Mrs. Lavinia A. Brown, 

Robert Brown, 

Miss Alice G. Burnham, 

Ralph W. Burnham, 

Mrs. Nellie Mae Burnham, 

Fred F. Byron, 

Miss Joanna Caldwell, 

Miss Lydia A. Caldwell, 

Miss Sarah P. Caldwell, 

Charles A. Campbell, 

Mrs. Lavinia Campbell, 

Edward W. Choate, 

Philip E. Clarke, 

Mrs. Mary E. Clarke, 

Miss Lucy C. Coburn, 

Sturgis Coffin, 2d, 

John H. Cogswell, 

Theodore F. Cogswell, 

Arthur W. Conant, 



Miss Harriet D. Condon, 
Rev. Edward Constant, 
Miss Roxie C Cowles, 
Rev. Temple Cutler, 
Arthur C. Damon, 
Mrs. Carrie Damon, 
Mrs. Cordelia Damon, 
Everett G. Damon, 
Harry K. Damon, 
Mrs. Abby Danforth, 
Miss Edith L. Daniels, 
Mrs. Grace F. Davis, 
Mrs. Howard Dawson, 
George G. Dexter, 
Miss C. Bertha Dobson, 
Harry K. Dodge, 
Rev. John M. Donovan, 
Mrs. Sarah B. Dudley, 
Mrs. Charles G. Dyer, 
George Fall, 
Miss Emeline C. Farley, 
Mrs. Emma Farley, 
Miss Lucy K. Farley. 
Miss Abbie M. Fellows, 
Benjamin Fewkes, 
James E. Gallagher, 
John S. Glover, 
Frank T. Goodhue, 
John W. Goodhue, 
William Goodhue, 
John J. Gould, 
Miss Harriet F. Gove, 
David A. Grady, 
James Graffum, 
Mrs. Eliza H. Green, 
Mrs. Lois H. Hardy, 
George Harris, 
Mrs. Kate L. Haskell, 
George H. W. Hayes, 
Mrs. Alice L. Heard, 
Miss Alice Heard, 
John Heard, 

Mrs. Louise S. Hodgkins, 
Miss S. Louise Holmes, 
Charles G. Hull, 
Miss Lucy S. Jewett, 

(45) 



46 



NON-RESIDENT MEMBERS. 



John A. Johnson, 

Miss Ellen M. Jordan, 

Albert Joyce, 

Charles M. Kelly, 

Fred A. Kimball, 

Robert S. Kimball, 

Miss Bethiah D. Kinsman, 

Miss Mary E. Kinsman, 

Mrs. Susan K. Kinsman, 

Dr. Frank W. Kyes, 

Mrs. Georgie C. Kyes, 

Curtis E. Lakeman, 

J. Howard Lakeman, 

G. Frank Langdon, 

Mrs. G. F. Langdon, 

Austin L. Lord, 

George A. Lord, 

Miss Lucy Slade Lord, 

Thomas H. Lord, 

Mrs. Lucretia S. Lord, 

Walter E. Lord, 

James F. Mann, 

Everard H. Martin, 

Mrs. Marietta K. Martin, 

Miss Abby L. Newman, 

Mrs. Amanda K. Nichols, 

William J. Norwood, 

Mrs. Elizabeth B. Norwood, 

John W. Nourse, 

Charles H. Noyes, 

Mrs. Harriet E. Noyes, 

Rev. Reginald Pearce, 

I. E. B. Perkins, 

Miss Carrie S. Perley, 

Augustine H. Plouff, 

James H. Proctor, 

James S. Robinson, .Jr. 

Mrs. Anna C. C. Robinson, 

Rev. William H. Rogers, 

Miss Anna W. Ross, 

Fred. G. ^Ross, 



Mrs. Mary F. Ross, 

Joseph F. Ross, 

Mrs. llelene Ross, 

Dr. William H. Russell, 

William S. Russell, 

William W. Russell, 

Daniel Saftbrd, 

Emma Saftbrd, 

Angus Savory, 

Charles A. SayAvard, 

Mrs. Henrietta W. Say ward, 

George A. Scho field, 

Amos E. Scotton, 

Dexter M. Smith, 

Mrs. Olive P. Smith. 

Mrs. Elizabeth K. Spauldlng, 

George W. Starkey, 

Dr. Frank H. Stockwell, 

Mrs. Sadie B. Stockwell, 

Miss Lucy Belle Story, 

Edward M. Sullivan, 

John J. Sullivan, 

Mrs. Elizabeth M. Sullivan, 

Arthur L. Sweetser, 

Andrew S. Thomson, 

Samuel H. Thurston, 

George W. Tozer, 

Miss Ellen R. Trask, 

Francis H. Wade, 

Jesse H. Wade, 

Miss Nellie F. Wade, 

Miss Emma E. Wait, 

Luther Wait, 

Rev. T. Frank Waters, 

Mrs. Adeline M. Waters, 

Miss Susan C. Whipple, 

Fred G. Whittier, 

Mrs. Marianna Whittier, 

Miss Eva Adams Willcoinb, 

Chester P. Woodbury . 



NON-RESIDENT MEMBERS. 



Frederick J. Alley 
Mrs. Mary G. Alley 
John B. Brown* 
Mrs. Lucy T. Brown* 
Frank T. Burnham 
Rev. Augustine Caldwell 
Eben Caldwell 
Miss Florence F. Caldwell 
Mrs. Luther Caldwell 
Miss Mira E. Caldwell 



Hamilton, Mass. 



. Chicago, 111. 

So. Framingham, Mass. 

Kliot, Me. 

Elizabeth, N. J. 

. Philadelphia, Pa. 

Lynn, Mass. 



'Summer home in Ipswich. 



NON-RESIDENT MEMBERS. 



47 



Rufus Choate 
Alexander B. Clark 
Mrs. Edward Cordis 
Dr. Richard H. Derby 
Joseph D. Dodge 
Mrs. Edith S. Dole . 
Arthur W. Dow* 
Joseph K. Farley 
Sylvanus C. Farley . 
Edward B. George 
Dr. E. S. Goodhue . 
Samuel V. Goodhue 
Miss Mary A. Hodgdon 
Key. Horace C. Hovey 
Miss Kuth A. Hovey 
Gerald L. Hoyt* 
Mrs. May Hoyt* 
Miss Julia Hoyt* 
Lydig Hoyt* 
Albert P. Jordan 
Edward Kavanagh . 
Arthur S. Kimball . 
Rev. John C. Kimball 
Rev. Frederic J. Kinsman 
Mrs. Mary B. Main 
Mrs. Frances E. Markoe 
Miss Heloise Meyer 
Mrs. Anna Osgood* 
Rev. Robert B. Parker* 
Moritz B. Philipp* 
Bowing W. Pierson 
Fred. H. Plouflf, 
A. Davidson Remick 
James E. Richardson 
Mrs. Lucy C. Roberts 
Mrs. E. M. H. Slade 
Edward A. Smith 
Miss Elizabeth P. Smith 
Mrs. Harriette A. Smith* 
Henry P. Smith 
Rev. R. Cotton Smith* 
Mrs. Alice L. Story 
Rev. William H. Thayer* 
Miss Ann H. Treadwell 
Bayard Tuckerman* 
Charles S. Tuckerman* 
Charles H. Tweed 
Miss Laura B. Underbill* 
Miss Martha E. Wade 
Mrs. Caroline L. Warner 
Henry C. Warner 
Wallace P. Willett 
Mrs. Elizabeth Willett 
Robert D. Winthrop 
Chalmers Wood* 



Essex, Mass. 
Peabody, Mass 
Jamaica Plain, Mass. 
. New York, N. Y. 
Lynn, Mass. 
Newbury, Mass. 
. Brooklyn, N. Y. 
Lihue, Kauai, Hawaiian Islands. 
Alton, 111. 
Rowley, Mass. 
Wailuku, Maui, Hawaiian Islands. 
Salem, Mass. 
Forest Grove, Ore. 
Newburyport, Mass. 
Lake Mohonk, N. Y. 
. New York, N. Y. 



Fresno, California. 

Essex, Mass. 

Oberliu, O. 

Sharon, Mass. 

Middlebury, Conn. 

Middletown, Conn. 

Philadelphia, Penn. 

Hamilton, Mass. 

Orange, N. J. 

. Providence, R. I. 

. New York, N. Y. 



Boston, 


Mass 


Salem, 


Mass 


. Cambridge, 


Mass 


. New York 


,N. Y 


Salem, 


Mass 


. New York 


N. Y 


Salem, 


Mass 


Washington 


D. C 


Essex, 


Mass 


. Southboro, 


Mass 


amaica Plain, 


Mass 


. New York 


N. Y 


iBoston, 


Mass 


. New York 


N, Y 


. Somerville, 


Mass 


Swampscott, 


Mass 



East Orange, N. J. 
'. New York, N. Y. 



Summer home in Ipswich. 



48 



HONORARY MEMBERS. 



LIFE MEMBER. 



Mrs. Alice C. Bemis 



Colorado Springs, Col. 



HONORARY MEMBERS. 



John Albree, Jr. 
Miss Lucy Hamniatt Brown 
Charles W. Darling 
Miss Caroline Farley 
Frank C. Farley 
Mrs. Kathcrine S. Farley 
Mrs. Eunice W. Felton 
Jesse Fewkes . 
Reginald Foster 
Augustus P. Gardner 
Charles L. Goodhue 
Miss Emily R. Gray 
Arthur W. Hale 
Albert Farley Heard, 2d 
Otis Kimball 
Mrs. Otis Kimball 
Miss Sarah S. Kimball 
Frederick J. Kingsbury 
Miss Caroline T. Leeds 
Miss Katherine P. Loring 
Mrs. Susan M. Loring 
Mrs. Elizabeth R. Lyman 
Josiah H. Mann 
Miss Adeline E. Manning 
Henry S. Manning 
Mrs. Mary W. Manning 
George von L. Meyer 
Miss Esther Parmenter 
Mrs. Mary S. C. Peabody 
Frederic H. Ringe 
Richard M. Saltonstall 
Denison R. Slade 
Joseph Spiller 
Miss Ellen A. Stone 
Harry W. Tyler 
Albert Wade 
Edward P. Wade 
George Willcomb 
Robert C. Winthrop, Jr. 



Swampscott, 


Mass. 


Boston, 


Mass. 


Utica 


N. Y 


Cambridge 


Mass 


So. Manchester 


Conn 


Cambridge 


Mass 


Newton, 


Mass. 


Boston, 


Mass. 


Hamilton 


Mass. 


Springfield 


Mass 


Sauquoit 


N. Y. 


Winchester 


Mass. 


Boston, 


Mass. 


Salem, 


Mass. 


Waterbury, 


Conn. 


Boston, 


Mass. 


. Brookline, 


Mass. 


Ipswich, 


Mass. 


Boston, 


Mass. 


. New York 


, N. Y. 


Rome, 


Italy. 


Rowley, 


Mass. 


Ipswich, 


Mass. 


Los Angeles, Cal. 


Boston, 


Mass. 


Center Harbor, 


N. H. 


Boston, 


Mass. 


East Lexington, 


Mass. 


Boston, 


Mass. 


Alton, HI. 


Boston, 


Mass. 



... PUBLICATIONS .. 

OF THE 

IPSWICH HISTORICAL SOCIETY. 



I. The OratioQ by Rev. Washington Choate and the Poem by Rev. 

Edgar F. Davis, on the 200th Anniversary of the Resistance to 
the Andros Tax, 1887. Price 25 cents. 

II. The President's Address and other Proctedings at the Dedica- 

tion of their new room, Feb. 3, 1896. Price 10 cents, 

( III. Unveiling of the Memorial Tablets at tlie South Common and 
I IV. Proceedings at the Annual Meeting, Dec. 7, 1896. Price 25 
cents. 

V. The Early Homes of the Puritans and Some Old Ipswich Houses 

with Proceedings at the Annual Meeting, 1897. Price 60 cents. 
(Out of print.) 

VI. Exercises at the Dedication of the Ancient House with a History 

of the House, and Proceedings at the Annual Meeting, 1898. 
Out of print, but the History of the House is reprinted in Num- 
ber X. 

VII. A Sketch of the Life of John Winthrop the Younger, with 

portrait and valuable reproductions of ancient documents 
and autographs, by T. Frank Waters. Price $2.50. Postage 
13 cents. 

VIII. "The Development of our Town Government" and " Com- 

mon Lands and Commonage," with the Proceedings at the 
Annual Meeting, 1899. Price 25 cents. 

IX. A History of the Old Argilla Road in Ipswich, Massachusetts, 

by T. Frank Waters. Price 25 cents. 

X. " The Hotel Cluny of a New England Village," by Sylvester Bax- 

ter, and the History of the Ancient House, with Proceedings 
at the Annual Meeting, 1900. Price 25 cents. 

XI. The Meeting House Green and a Study of Houses and Lands in 

that vicinity, with Proceedings at the Annual Meeting, Dec. 2, 
1901. Price, 25 cents. 

XII. Thomas Dudley and Simon and Ann Bradstreet. A Study of 

House-Lots to Determine the Location of Their Homes, and, 
the Exercises at the Dedication of Tablets, July 31, 1902, 
with Proceedings at the Annual Meeting, Dec. 1, 1902. 

XIII. "Fine Thread, Lace and Hosiery in Ipswich" by Jesse Fewkes, 

and" Ipswich Mills and Factories," by T. Frank Waters, with 
Proceedings at the Annual Meeting. Price 25 cents. 



-%■ 



b 60CIJ: : 



SIMP! E GOBLf: 



■ATHA^: 




<«t£isr 



J.. 



THE 

SIMPLE COBLE 

OF 
Aggavvamm in America. 

WILLING 

To help *mcnd his Native Country, la- 

mciKably tattered^both in the upper-Leather 
and folcwitb all the honcft ft itches he can take. 

And as willing never to bee paid forhiswork^ 
by Old Englifh wonted pay. 

It is his Trade to patch all they ear hng^ gratis. 
Therefore I pray Gentlemen keep yourpurfes. 

By Theodore de U Guard. 
Tht Tetirth Edition^ withfomeAtTtettdinents, 



Iff rebus Arduis ac tenai fpe, fortifsima 
quiquscoHflixtuttfsima funt, Cic. 

In EngliUi, 
When bootcs an<4 fhocs arc torne up to the kftj, 
Coblers muft thraft their awles up to the hefts. 

This iino time to feare ApeRes grAmm i 
NeSuter ^nldemuhrM cre^Uam. 

. LONDON, 

Printed by 7' 2>. & t. L for Stefitn Ss'^'teS, at the fignc of the 
Bible In Popes i4ad- Alley, 1647. 



F 



- 1 




TO THE 

READER 

Gentlemen, 

^ray make a little room for a 
Cohltry his work was done in time, 
but a Jhip Jetting j^yle one day 
too foon makes it appear e Jbme 
weeks too late ^ Seeing hee is fo 
reafonahleas to demand no other 
pay for his labour and leather^ but leayi to pay us 
ipeUfor our faults^ let it be well accepted , a^ Conn* 
fell in dur occajtons to come^and as Tejlimony to what 
ispafi, 

By a Friend. 





SUTOR 
ULTRA CREPIDAM. 



'^£^S2^^ ITHER I am in an Appoplexie, or 
"" that man is in a Lethargie, who 

doth not now fenfibly feele God 
fhaking the heavens over his head, 
and the earth under his feet: The 
Heavens fo, as the Sun begins to 
~jrp^i^^^9r/n turne into darknef fe, the Moon in- 
'^0.,2.wiJc>^^i^J ^Q blood, the Starres to fall down 
to the ground; So that little Light of Comfort or 
Counfell is left to the fonnes of men: The Earth fo, 
as the foundations are failing, the righteous fcarce 
know where to finde reft, the inhabitants ftagger like 
drunken men : it is in a manner diffolved both in Re- 
ligions and Relations: And no marvell; for, they 
have defiled it by tranfgreffing the Lawes, changing 
the Ordinances, and breaking the Everlafting Cove- 
nant. The Truths of God are the Pillars of the 
world, whereon States and Churches may ftand 
quiet if they will; if they will not, Hee can eafily 
fhake them off into delufions, and diftractions e- 
nough. 



Sathan 



Tl^e Simple Cohler o^ 



Here is lately brought us an Extract of a Magria 
Charta, fo called, compiled between the Sub-planters 
of a Weft-Indian Ifland; whereof the firft Article of 
conftipulation, firmly provides free ftable-room and 
litter for all kinde of confciences, be they never fo 
dirty or jadifh; making it actionable, yea, treafon- 
able, to difturbe any man in his Religion, or to dif- 
commend it, whatever it be. Wee are very forry to 
fee fuch profeffed prophaneneffe in Englifh Profef- 
fors, as induftrioufly to lay tlieir Religious foundati- 
ons on the ruine of true Religion; which ftrictly binds 
every confcience to contend earneftly for the Truth: to 
preferve U7iity of fpirit, Faith arid Ordinances, to be all 
like minded, of one accord; every man to take his bro- 
ther into his Chriftian care: to ftand fa ft with one fpi- 
rit, with one mind, ftriving together for the faith of the 
Gofpel. and by no meanes to permit Herefies or er- 
ronious opinions: But God abhorring fuch loath- 
fome beverages, hath in his righteous judgement 
blafted that enterprize, which might otherwife have 
profpered well, for ought I know; I pre fume their 
cafe is generally knowne ere this. 

If the devill might have his free option, I beleeve 
he would ask nothing else, but liberty to enfranchize 
all falfe Religions, and to embondage the true; nor 
fhould hee need: It is much to be feared, that laxe 
Tolerations upon State-pretences and planting necef- 
fities, will be the next fubtle Stratagem he will fpread 
to diftate the Truth of God and fupplant the peace of 
the Churches. Tolerations in things tolerable, ex- 
quifitely drawn out by the lines of the Scripture, and 
penfill of the Spirit, are the facred favours of Truth, 

the 



Aggavvam ia dmerica. 



the due latitudes of Love, the faire Compartiments of 
Chriftian fraternity: but irregular difpenfations, dealt 
forth by the facilities of men, are the frontiers of er- 
ror, the redoubts of Schifme, the perillous irritaments 
of carnall and fpirituall enmity. 

My heart hath naturally detefted f oure things : The 
itanding of the Apocrypha in the Bible; Forrainers 
dwelling in my Countrey, to crowd out native Sub- 
jects into the corners of the Earth; Alchymized 
coines; Tolerations of divers Religions, or of one 
Religion in fegregant fhapes: He that willingly af- 
fents to the laft, if he examines his heart by day-light, 
his confcience will tell him, he is either an Atheift, or 
an Heretique, or an Hypocrite, or at beft a captive to 
fome Luft: Poly-piety is the greateft impiety in the 
world. True Religion is Ignis probationis, which doth 
congregare homogeriea & fegregare heterogenea. 

Not to tolerate things meerly indifferent to weak 
confciences, argues a confcience too ftrong: preffed 
uniformity in thefe, caufes much difunity: To tole- 
rate more then indifferents, is not to deale indifferent- 
ly with God : He that doth it, takes his Scepter out of 
his hand, and bids him ftand by. Who hath to doe to 
inftitute Religion but God. The power of all Religion 
and Ordinances, lies in their purity: their purity in 
their fimplicity: then are mixtures pernicious. J lived 
in a City, where a Papift preached in one Church, a 
Lutheran in another, a Calvinift in a third ; a Luthe- 
ran one part of the day, a Calvinift the other, in the 
fame Pulpit: the Religion of that place was but mot- 
ly and meagre, their affections Leopard-like. 

If the whole Creature fhould confpire to doe the 

B 2 Crea- 



The Simple Cobler of 



Creator a mifchiefe, or offer him an infolency, it 
would be in nothing more, than in erecting untruths 
againft his Truth, or by fophifticating his Truths 
with humane medleyes: the removing of fome one 
jota in Scripture, may draw out all the life, and tra- 
verfe all the Truth of the whole Bible: but to autho- 
rife an untruh, by a Toleration of State, is to build a 
Sconce againft the walls of heaven, to batter God out 
of his Chaire: To tell a practicall lye, is a great fin, 
but yet tranfient; but to fet up a Theoricall untruth, is 
to warrant every lye that lyes from its root to the top 
of every branch it hath, which are not a few. 

I would willingly hope that no Member of the 
Parliament hath skilfully ingratiated himfelfe into the 
hearts of the Houfe, that he might watch a time to 
midwife out fome ungracious Toleration for his own 
turne, and for the fake of that, fome other, I would 
alfo hope that a word of generall caution fhould not 
be particularly mifapplied. I am the freer to fuggeft 
it, becaufe I know not one man of that mind, my aime 
is generall, and I defire may be fo accepted. Yet good 
Gentlemen, look well about you, and remember how 
Tiberius play'd the Fox with the Senate of Rome, and 
how Fabius Maximus cropt his ears for his cunning. 

That State is wife, that will improve all paines and 
patience rather to compofe, then tolerate differences in 
Religion. There is no divine Truth, but hath much 
Coeleftiall fire in it from the Spirit of Truth: nor no 
irreligious untruth, without its proportion of Antifire 
from the fpirit of Error to contradict it: the zeale of 
the one, the virulency of the other, muft neceffarily 
kindle Combuftions. Fiery difeafes feated in the 

fpirit. 



Aggavvam in Jmerica. 



fpirit, imbroile the whole frame of the body: others 
more externall and coole, are leffe dangerous. They 
which divide in ReUgion, divide in God; they who 
divide in him, divide beyond Genus Generalifjimum, 
where there is no reconeihation, without atonement; 
that is, without uniting in him, who is One, and in 
his Truth, which is alfo one. 

Wife are thofe men who will be perfwaded rather 
to live within the pale of Truth where they may bee 
quiet, than in the purlieves, where they are fure to be 
hunted ever & anon, do Authority what it can. Every 
fingular Opinion, hath 'a fingular opinion'of it felf ; and 
he that holds it a fingular opinion of himfelf , & a fim- 
ple opinion of all contra-fentients : he that confutes 
them, muft confute al three at once, or elfe he does no- 
thing; which will not be done without more ftir than 
the peace of the State or Church can indure. 

And prudent are thofe Chriftians, that will rather 
give what may be given, then hazard all by yeelding 
nothing. To fell all peace of Country, to buy fome 
peace of confcience unfeafonably, is more avarice than 
thrift, imprudence than patience : they deal not equal- 
ly, that fet any Truth of God at fuch a rate; but they 
deal wifely that will ftay till the Market is fallen. 

My prognofticks deceive me not a little, if once 
within three feaven years, peace prove not fuch a pen- 
ny-worth at moft Marts in Chriftendome, that 'hee 
that would not lay down his money, his luft, his opi- 
nion, his will, I had almoft faid the beft flower of his 
Crowne for it, while he might have had it; will tell 
his own heart, he plaid the very ill husband. 

Concerning Tolerations I may further affert. 

B3 That 



The Simple Cobler of 



That Perfecution of true Religion, and Toleration 
of falfe, are the Jannes and Jambres to the Kingdome 
of Chrift, whereof the laft is farre the worft. Augu- 
Jtines tongue had not owed his mouth one penny-rent 
though he had never ipake word more in it, but this, 
Nullum malum pejus libertate err audi. 

Frederick Duke of Saxon, fpake not one foote be- 
yond the mark when he faid. He had rather the Earth 
fhould fwallow him up quick, then he fhould give a 
toleration to any opinion againft any truth of God. 

He that is willing to tolerate any Religion, or dif- 
crepant way of Religion, befides his own, unleffe it 
be in matters meerly indifferent, either doubts of his 
own, or is not fincere in it. 

He that is willing to tolerate any unfound Opinion, 
that his own may alfo be tolerated, though never fo 
found, will for a need hang Gods Bible at the Devills 
girdle. 

Every Toleration of falfe Religions, or Opinions 
hath as many Errours and fins in it, as all the falfe 
Religions and Opinions it tolerats, and one found 
one more. 

That State that will give I>iberty of Confcience in 
matters of Religion, muft give Liberty of Confcience 
and Converfation in their Morall Laws, or elfe the 
Fiddle will be out of tune, and fome of the ftrings 
crack. 

He that will rather make an irreligious quarell with 
other Religions then try the Truth of his own by va- 
luable Arguments, and peaceable Sufferings; either 
his Religion, or himfelfe is irreligous. 

Experience will teach Churches and Chriftians, 

that 



Aggavvam ia America. 



that it is farre better to live in a State united, though 
a Httle Corrupt, then in a State, whereof tome Part 
is incorrupt, and all the reft divided. 

I am not altogether ignorant of the eight Rules gi- 
ven by Orthodox divines about giving Tolerations, 
yet with their favour I dare affirme, 

That there is no Rule given by God for any State 
to give an aflSrmative Toleration to any falfe Religi- 
on, or Opinion whatfoever; they muft connive in 
fome Cafes, but may not concede in any. 

That the State of England (fo farre as my Intelli- 
gence ferves) might in time have prevented with eafe 
and may yet without any great difficultie deny both 
Toleration, and irregular connivences /a/7;a Republica. 

That if the State of England fhall either willingly 
Tolerate, or weakly connive at fuch Courfes, the 
Church of that Kingdome will fooner become the 
Devils dancing-Schoole, then Gods Temple: The 
Civill State a Beare-garden, then an Exchange: The 
whole Realme a Pais bale then an England. And 
what pity it is, that that Country which hath been the 
Staple of Truth to all Chriftendome, fhould now be- 
come the Aviary of Errors to the whole world, let 
every fearing heart judge. 

I take Liberty of Confcience to be nothing but a 
ireedome from fmne, and error. Confcientia ifi tantum 
libera, in quantum ah errore liberata. And Liberty of 
Errour nothing but a Prifon for Confcience. Then 
fmall will be the kindneffe of a State to build fuch Pri- 
fons for their Subjects. 

The Scripture faith, there is nothing makes free but 
Truth, and Truth faith, there is no Truth but one: 

If 



10 



The Simple Xohler of 



If the States of the World would make it their fumm- 
operous Care to preferve this One Truth in its purity 
and Authority it would eafe you of all other Politi- 
call cares. I am fure Sathan makes it his grand, if not 
only taske, to adulterate Truth; Falfhood is his fole 
Scepter, whereby he firft ruffled, and ever fince ruined 
the World. 

If Truth be but One, me thinks all the Opinionifts 
in England fhould not be all in that One Truth, fome 
of them I doubt are out. He that can extract an unity 
out of fuch a difparity, or contract fuch a difparity in- 
to an unity; had need be a better Artift, then ever was 
Drebell. 

If two Centers (as we may fuppofe) be in one Cir- 
cle, and lines drawn from both to all the points of the 
Compaffe, they will certainly croffe one another, and 
probably cut through the Centers themfelves. 

There is talk of an univerfall Toleration, I would 
talke as loud as I could againft it, did I know what 
more apt and reafonable Sacrifice England could offer 
to God for his late performing all his heavenly Truths 
then an univerfall Toleration of all hellifh Errors, or 
how they fhall make an univerfall Reformation, but 
by making Chrifts Academy the Divills Univerfity, 
where any man may commence Heretique per faltum; 
where he that is fllius Diabolicus, or fimpliciter pef- 
fimus, may have his grace to goe to Hell cum Publico 
Privilegio; and carry as many after him, as he can. 

Religio docenda eft, non coercenda is a prety piece of 
album Latinum for fome kinde of throats that are wil- 
lingly fore, but Hwrejis dedocenda eft non permittendaf 
will be found a farre better Diamoron for the Gar- 

garifmes 



Aggavvam ia America. 



11 



garifmes this Age wants, if timely and throughly 
apply ed. 

If there be roome in England for 



Religious 
Men but 



^amitifis 

JLihettints 

Erdfiidns 

AntitrinitdrtAm 

Anahaptifts 

Antifmptunjfs 

Arminians 

MdnifefiAridns 

Millinaries 

Aminovnans 

Socinians 

Arrians 

Perfefiifls 

Brorvnifls * 

MortAlians 

Seekers 



the rotn 
for 



pernicious Enthufiafts^ 
Heretiques i'c. 



GoodSpi- 
rits.but vc 
ry Devils. 



' M.incs 
Lemur ts 
DK^Acfes 
Homddrfddcs 
Potamides 
Ndiddes 
Hinnides 
Pierides 
Nereides 
Pales 
Aaonides 
ParcAdes 
Caftalides 
Monides 
Charites 
Helicomdes 
Pega fides. 



In a word room for Hell above ground. 

It is faid, Though a man have light enough himfelfe 
to fee the Truth, yet if he hath not enough to enligh- 
ten others, he is bound to tolerate them, Ijwill engage 
my felf , that all the Devills in Britanie fhall fell them- 
felves to their fhirts, to purehafe a Leafe of this Pofi- 

C tion 



* By Brownifts 
I mean not In- 
dependents, be- 
dew-clawd Se- 
peratifts: far 
be it from me 
to wrong godly 
Independents 
I truely ac- 
knowledge 
that I judge 
my felf neither 
able nor wor- 
thy to honour 
fome of them 
as thev deferve 



12 The Simple Cobler of 



tion for three of their Lives, under the Seale of the 
Parhament. 

It is faid, That Men ought to have Liberty of their 
Con faience, and that it is perfecution to debarre them 
of it: I can rather ftand amazed then reply to this: 
it is an aftonifhment to think that the braines of men 
fhould be parboyl'd in fuch impious ignorance; Let 
all the wits under the Heavens lay their heads toge- 
ther and finde an Affertion worfe then this (one ex- 
cepted) I will petition to be chofen the univerfall I- 
deot of the world. 

It is faid, That Civill Magiftrates ought not to 
meddle with Ecclefiafticall matters. 

I would anfwer to this fo well as I could, did 
I not know that fome papers lately brought out of 
New-England, are going to the Preffe, wherein the 
Opinions of the Elders there in a late Synod, concer- 
ning this point are manifefted, which I fuppofe will 
give clearer fatisf action then I can. 

The true Englifh of all this their falfe Latine, is no- 
thing but a generall Toleration of all Opinions; 
which motion if it be like to take, it were very requi- 
fite, that the City would repaire Pauls with all the 
fpeed they can, for an Englifh Pantheon, and beftow 
it upon the Sectaries, freely to affemble in, then there 
may be fome hope that London will be quiet in time. :| 

But why dwell I fo intolerable long about Tolera- 
tions, I hope my fears are but panick, againft which 
I have a double cordiall. First, that the Parliament 
will not though they could: Secondly, that they can- 
not though they would grant fuch Tolerations. God 
who hath fo honoured them with eminent wifdome 

in 



i^liliimiin I \ft I 



Aggavvam in dmirica, 13 



in all other things, will not fiiffer them to caft both 
his, and their Honour in the duft of perpetuall Infa- 
my, doe what they can; nor fhall thofe who have 
fpent fo great a part of their fiibftance in redeeming 
their Civill Liberties from Ufurpation, lofe all that 
remaines in enthralling their fpirituall Liberty by To- 
leration. 

It is faid Opinionifts are many, and ftrong, that de 
funt Vires, that it is turbata rcspublica, I am very for- 
ry for it, but more forry, if defpondency of minde 
fhall caufe the leaft tergiverfation in Gods Worthies, 
who have receiv'd fuch pledges of his prefence in their 
late Counfels, and Conflicts. It is not thoufands of O- 
pinionifts that can pinion his Everlafting armes, I can 
hardly beleeve there is a greater unbeleever then my 
Selfe, yet I can verily beleeve that the God of Truth 
will in a fhort time fcatter them all like fmoake be- 
fore the wind. I confeffe I am troubled to fee Men 
fo over-troubled about them; I am rather glad to 
heare the Devill is breaking up houfe in England, and 
removing fomewhither elfe, give him leave to fell all 
his rags, and odde-ends by the out-cry; and let his 
petty Chapmen make their Market while they may, 
upon my poore credit it will not laft long. Hee that 
hath done fo much for England will go on to perfect 
his owne praife, and his Peoples Peace: Let good 
men ftand ftill, and behold his further Salvation. He 
that fitteth in the Heavens laughs at them, the moft 
High hath them in Derifion, and their folly fhall cer- 
tainly be manifefted to all men. 

Yet I dare not but adde, and in the Name of God 
will adde, that if any Publique members of Church or 

C 2 State, 



14 The Simple Cobler of 



State, have been either open fautors, or private abet- 
ters of any blafphemoiis, contagious Opinions, It will 
be their wifdome to proportion their repentance to 
their Sin, before God makes them PubHque monu- 
ments of Ignominie, and Apoftafie. 

Thirdly, That all Chriftian States, ought to dif- 
avow and decry all fuch Errors, by fome peremp- 
tory Statutary Act, and that in time, that Subjects 
knowing fully the minde of the State, might not de- 
lude themfelves with vaine hopes of unfufferable 
Liberties. It is leffe to fay, Statuatur Veritas, mat 
Regnuvi, than Fiat fuftitia,ruat Ocp/wm/but there is no 
fuch danger in either of them. Feare nothing Gentle- 
men, Rubiconevitranfiiftis, jacta eft alea, ye have turned 
the Devill out of doores; fling all his old parrell after 
him out at the w indows, left he makes another errand 
for it againe. Qucf relinquuntur in morbis poft indica- 
tionem, recidivas facere confuevere. Chrift would have 
his Church without fpot or wrinckle; They that help 
make it fo, fhall lofe neither honour nor labour: If 
yee be wife, fuffer no more thorns in his fides or your 
owne. When God kindles fuch fires as thefe, hee 
doth not ufually quench them, till the very fcum on 
the pot fides be boyled cleane away, Ezek. 24. 10, 11. 
Yee were better to doe it your felves, than leave it to 
him : the Arme of the Lord is mighty, his hand very 
heavy; who can dwell with his devouring fire, and 
long lafting burnings ? 

Fourthly, to make fpeedy provifion againft Ob- 
ftinates and Diffeminaries : where under favour, two 
things will be found requifite. First, variety of pe- 
naltyes, I meane certaine, not indefinite: I am a 

Crabbat 



Aggavvam ia Jmerica. 15 



Crabbat againft Arbitrary Government. Experi- 
ence hath taught us here, that poUticall, domefticall, 
and perfonall refpects, will not admit one and the 
fame remedy for all, without fad inconveniences. Se- 
condly, juft feverity: perfecution hath ever fpread 
Truth, profecution fcattered Errour: Ten of the moft 
Chriftian Emperors, found that way beft; SchoUars 
know whom I meane: Five of the ancient Fathers 
perfwaded to it, of whom Angujtine was one, who 
for a time argued hard for indulgency : but upon con- 
ference with other prudent Bifhops, altered his judge- 
ment, as appears in three of his Epiftles, to Marcelli- 
nus, Donatus, and Boniface. I would be underftood, 
not onely an Allower, but an humble Petitioner, that 
ignorant and tender confcienced Anabaptifts may 
have due time and means of conviction. 

Fifthly, That every Prophet, to whom God hath 
given the tongue of the learned, fhould teach, and e- 
very Angel who hath a pen and inkehorne by his 
fide write againft thefe grieving extravagancies: 
writing of many books, I grant is irkefome, reading 
endleffe. A reafonable man would thinke Divines 
had declaimed fufficiently upon thefe Themes. I have 
ever thought the Rule given, Titus 3. 10. which cuts 
the work fhort and fharpe to be more properly pre- 
valent, then wearifome waiting upon unweariable 
Spirits. It is a most toylfome taske to run the wild- 
goofe chafe after a well-breath 'd Opinionift: they 
delight in vitihtigation : it is an itch that loves alife 
to be fcrub'd: they defire not fatisfaction, but fatif- 
diction, whereof themfelves muft be judges: yet in 
new eruptions of Error with new objections, filence 
is finfull. C 3 As 



i() The Simple Cohler of 



As for my felf, I am none of the difputers of this 
world: all I can doe, is to gueffe when men fpeak 
true or f alfe Divinity : if I can but finde the parentall 
root, or formall reafon of a Truth, I am quiet; if I 
cannot, I fhore up my f lender judgement as long as 
I can, with two or three the handfomeft ])rops I can 
get: I fhall therefore leave Arguments to acuter 
heads, and onely fpeak a word of Love, with all 
Chriftian refpect to our deare Brethren in England^ 
which are againft Baptizing of Infants: I intreate 
them to confider thefe few things ferioufly and meek- 
ly. Firft, what a high pitch of boldneffe it is for man 
to cut a piincipall Ordinance out of the Kingdome of 
God; If it be but to make a diflocation, which fo 
far difgoods the Ordinance, I feare it altogether un- 
hallows it, to tranf place or tranftime a ftated Inftitu- 
tion of Chrift, without his direction, I thinke, is to 
deftroy it. Secondly, what a Cruelty it is to de- 
veft Children of that onely externall priviledge 
which their heavenly Father hath bequeathed them 
to intereft them vifibly in Himfelfe, His Son, His 
Spirit, His Covenant of Grace, and the tender bo- 
fome of their carefull Mother the Church. Thirdly, 
what an Inhumanity it is, to deprive Parents of that 
comfort they may take from the baptifme of their In- 
fants dying in their Childeliood. Fourthly, How 
unfeafonable and unkindly it is, to interturbe the 
State and Church with thefe Amalekitifh on-fets, 
when they are in their extreame pains of travell with 
their lives. Fifthly, to take a through view of thofe 
who have preambled this by path. Being fometimes 
in the Crowds of foraigne Wederdopers, that is. 

Ana- 



Aggavvam ia dmcrica. 17 



Anabaptifts; and prying into their inward frames 
with the beft eyes I had ; I could not but obferve thefe 
di^uifed guifes in the generahty of them. 

Firft, a flat formahty of Spirit without fait or fa- 
vour in the fpiritualties of Chrift, as if their Religion 
began and ended in their Opinion. Secondly, a f hal- 
low flighting of fuch as difcent from them, appearing 
too often in their faces, fpeeches and carriages. Third- 
ly, a feeble, yet peremptory obftinacy; feldome are 
any of them reclaimed. Fourthly, a fhamefuU fliding 
into other fuch tarpauling tenets, to keep themfelves 
dry from the fhowers of luftice, as a rationall minde 
would never entertain, if it were not Errour-blafted 
from Heaven and Hell. I fhould as fhrewdly fufpect 
that Opinion, that will cordially corrive with two or 
three fottifh errours, as that faith that can profeffedly 
live with two or three fordid fins. I dare not feare 
our godly Brethren in England to be yet comming to 
this paffe; how foon they may, themfelves know not, 
the times are flippery: They will undoubtedly finde 
God as jealous of his Ordinances, as themfelves are 
zealous of their Opinions. 

Sixthly, that Authority ought to fee their Subjects 
children baptized, though their Parents judgements 
be againft it, if there be no other Evangelicall barre 
in the way. 

Seventhly, that prudent men, efpecially young, 
fhould doe well not to ingage themfelves in confe- 
rence with Errorifts, without a good calling and great 
caution; their breath is contagious, their leprey fprea- 
ding: receive not him that is weak, faith the Apoftle 
to doubtfull difputations ; much leffe may they run, 

them- 



18 The Simple Cobler of 



themfelves into dangerous Sophiftications. He ufually 
hears beft in their meetings, that ftops his ears clo- 
feft; he opens his mouth to beft purpofe, that keeps it 
fhut, and he doth beft of all, that declines their com- 
pany as wifely as he may. 

Brethren, have an extraordinaiy care alfo of the 
late Theofophers, that teach men to climbe to heaven 
upon a ladder of lying figments. Rather then the de- 
vill will lofe his game, he will out-fhoot Chrift in his 
owne bow; he will out-law the Law% quite out of the 
word and world: over-Gofpell the Gofpell, and qui- 
danye Chrift, with Sugar and Rats-bane. Hee was 
Profeffour not long fince at Schleftat in Alfatia, where 
he learned, that no poyfon is fo deadly as the poyfon 
of Grace. 

The wifeft way, when all is faid, is with all humi- 
lity and feare, to take Chrift as himfelfe hath revealed 
himfelfe in his Gofpel, and not as the Devill prefents 
him to preftigiated fanfies. I have ever hated the 
way of the Rofie-Crucians, who reject things as 
Gods wifedome hath tempered them, and will have 
nothing but their Spirits. If I were to give phyfick to 
Spryts, I would do fo too: but when I want Phyfick 
for my body, I would not have my foule tartared: 
nor my Animall Spirits purged any way, but by my 
Naturall, and thofe by my bodily humours, and thofe 
by fuch Ordinaries, as have the neareft vicinage to 
them, and not by Metaphyficall Limbeckings. I can- 
not thinke that materia prima or jecunda, fhould bee 
good for me, that am at leaft. Materia millefsima fex- 
centejima quadragefima quinta. 

Here I hold my felfe bound to fet up a Beacon, to 

give 



Aggavvam in America. 



19 



give warning of a new-fprung Sect of phrantalticks, 
which would perfwade themfelves and others, that 
they have difcovered the Nor-weft paffage to Hea- 
ven. Thefe wits of the game, cry up and downe in 
corners fuch bold ignotions of a new Gofpell, new 
Chrift, new Faith, and new gay-nothings, as trouble 
unfetled heads, querulous hearts, and not a little grieve 
the Spirit of God. I defire all good men may be fa- 
ved from their Lunatick Creed, by Infidelity; and ra- 
ther beleeve thefe torrid overtures will prove in time, 
nothing but horrid raptures downe to the loweft hell, 
from which he that would be delivered, let him avoid 
thefe blafphemers, a late fry of croaking Frogs, not 
to be indured in a Religious State, no, if it were pof- 
fible, not an houre. 

As fome are playing young Spaniels, quefting at 
every bird that rifes; fo others, held very good men, 
are at a dead ftand, not knowing what to doe or fay; 
and are therefore called Seekers, looking for new 
Nuntio's from Chrift, to affoile thefe benighted que- 
ftions, and to give new Orders for new Churches. I 
crave leave with all refpect to tell them, that if they 
looke into Act 20. 20. 25. Gal 1. 8. 9. 1 Tim. 6. 13.16. 
and finde them not there; they may happily feek as 
the young Prophets did for Eliah's corps, where it ne- 
ver was, nor ever will be found. 

I cannot imagine why the Holy Ghoft fhould give 
Timothie the folemneft charge, was ever given mor- 
tall man, to obferve the Rules he had given, till the 
comming of Chrift, if new things muft be expected. 

Woe be to them, who ever they be, that fo trouble 
the wayes of God that they who have found the way 

D to 



20 The Simple Cobler of 



to heaven cannot find the way to Church: And 
woe be to them, that fo gaze at the glorious Hght, 
they fay, will breake forth in the thoufand yeares to 
come, that they make little of the gratious Truth that 
hath been revealed thefe fixteen hundred years paft. 
And woe be to them that fo under-value the firft Ma- 
fter Builders, I mean the Apoftles of Chrift, that un- 
leffe he fends wifer than they. He muft be accounted 
leffe faithfull in his houfe than Mofes was. 

I have caufe enough to be as charitable to others 
as any man living; yet I cannot but feare, that thofe 
men never Moored their Anchors well in the firme 
foile of Heaven; that are weather-waft up and down 
with every eddy-wind of every new doctrine. The 
good Spirit of God doth not ufually tie up the 
Helme, and fuffer paffengers to heaven to ride a drift, 
hither and thither, as every wave and current carries 
them: that is a fitter courfe for fuch as the Apoftle 
calls wandring Starrs and Meteors, without any cer- 
taine motion, hurried about with tempefts, bred of 
the Exhalations of their owne pride and felfe-witted- 
neffe: whofe damnation fleepeth not, and to whom 
the mift of darkneffe is referved for ever, that they 
may fuffer irreparable fhipwrack upon the Sands and 
Rocks of their owne Errors, being of old ordained 
to condemnation. 

Eightly, let all confiderate men beware of un- 
grounded opinions in Religion : Since I knew what to 
feare, my heart hath dreaded three things: a bla- 
zing ftarre appearing in the aire: a State Comet, I 
meane a favourite rifing in a Kingdome, a new Opi- 
nion fpreading in Religion: thefe are Exorbitancies : 

which 



Aggavvam in America. 21 



which is a formidable word; a vacuum and an exor- 
bitancy, are mundicidious evils, Concerning Novel- 
ties of opinions ; I f hall expreffe my thoughts in thefe 
briefe paffages. Firft, that Truth is the beft boone 
God ever gave the world: there is nothing in the 
world, world, any further then Truth makes it fo, it 
is better then any creat' E71S or Bonum, which are but 
Truths twins. Secondly, the leaft Truth of Gods 
Kingdome, doth in its place, uphold the whole King- 
dome of his Truths; Take away the leaft vericulum 
out of the world, and it un worlds all, potentially, and 
may unravell the whole texture actually, if it be not 
conferved by an Arme of fuperiordinary power. 
Thirdly, the leaft Evangelicall Truth is more worth 
than all the Civill Truths in the world, that are meer- 
ly fo. Fourthly, that Truth is the Parent of all li- 
berty whether politicall or perfonall; fo much un- 
truth, fo much thraldome, loh. 8. 32. 

Hence it is, that God is fo jealous of his Truths, that 
he hath taken order in his due juftice: Firft, that no 
practicall fin is fo finfull as fome errour in judgement; 
no man fo accurfed with indelible infamy and dedo- 
lent impenitency, as Authors of Herefie. Second- 
ly, that the leaft Error, if grown fturdy and preffed, 
fhall let open the Spittle-doore of all the fquint-eyd', 
wry-necked, and brafen-faced Errors that are or ever 
were of that htter; if they be not enough to ferve its 
turne, it will beget more, though it hath not one cruft 
of reafon to maintain them. Thridly, that that State 
which will permit Errors in Religion, fhall admit Er- 
rors in Policy unavoidably. Fourthly, that that Po- 
licy which will fuffer irrehgious errors, fhall fuffer the 

D 2 loffe 



22 The Simple Cobler of 



loffe of fo much Liberty in one kind or other, I will 
not exempt Venice, Rhagufe, the Cantons, the Nether- 
lands, or any. 

P^An eafie head may foon demonftrate, that the pre- 
mentioned Planters, by Tolerating all Religions, had 
immazed themfelves in the moft intolerable confufi- 
ons and inextricable thraldomes the world ever heard 
of. I am perfwaded the Devill himfelfe was never 
willing with their proceedings, for feare it would 
breake his wind and wits to attend fuch a Province. 
I fpeak it ferioufly, according to my meaning. How 
all Religions fhould enjoy their liberty, Juftice its due 
regularity, Civill cohabitation morall honefty, in 
one and the fame Jurifdiction, is beyond the Attique 
of my comprehenfion. If the whole conclave of Hell 
can fo compromife, exadverfe, and diametricall con- 
tradictions, as to compolitize fuch a multimonftrous 
maufrey of heteroclytes and quicquidlibets quietly; I 
truft I may fay with all humble reverence, they can do 
more then the Senate of Heaven. My modus loquendi 
rmrdoned; I intirely wifh much welfare and more 
w ifdom to that Plantation. 

It is greatly to be lamented, to obferve the wanton 
fearleffeneffe of this Age, efpecially of younger pro- 
feffors, to greet new opinions and Opinionifts: as if 
former truths were growne fuperannuate, and fap- 
leffe, if not altogether antiquate. Non fenefcet Veritas. 
No man ever faw a gray haire on the head or beard 
of any Truth, wrinckle, or morphew on its face: 
The bed of Truth is green all the yeare long. Hee 
that cannot folace himfelfe with any faving truth, as 
affectionately as at the firft acquaintance with it, 

hath 



Aggavvam ia America. 23 



hath not only a faftidious, but an adulterous heart. 

If all be true we heare, Never was any people un- 
der the Sun, fo fick of new opinions as Englifh-men; 
nor of new fafhions as Englijh-women: If God helpe 
not the one, and the devill leave not helping the other, 
a blind man may eafily forefee what will become of 
both. I have fpoken what I intend for the prefent to 
men ; I fhall fpeak a word to the women anon : in the 
mean time I intreat them to prepare patience. 

Ninthly, that godly humble Chriftians ought not 
to wonder impatiently at the wonderfull workes of 
God in thefe times : it is full Seafon for him to worke 
Soveraign worke, to vindicate his Soveraignty, that 
men may feare before him. States are unftated. Ru- 
lers growne Over-rulers, Subjects worfe then men. 
Churches-decayed. Tofts, Profeffors, empty casks 
filled with unholy humours; I fpeake not of all, but 
too many; I condemne not the generation of the juft 
God hath his remnant, whom he will carefully pre- 
ferve. If it bee time for men to take up Defenfive 
Arms against fuch as are called Gods, upon the point 
of Salus populi, it is high time for him that is God in- 
deed, to draw his Sword againft wormes and no 
men, upon the point of Majeftas imperii: The pier- 
cing of his Sword fhall difcover the thoughts of many 
hearts. 

Laftly, I dare averre, that it ill becomes Chriftians 
any thing well-fhod with the preparation of the 
Gofpel, to meditate flight from their deare Countrey 
upon thefe difturbances. Stand your grounds ye Ele- 
dzars and Shammahs, ftir not a foot fo long as you 
have halfe a foot of ground to ftand upon : after one or 

D 3 two 



24 7h Simple Cobler of 



two fucli Worthies, a great Victory may be regained, 
and flying I/rael may returne to a rich fpoile. Englifh- 
men, be advifed to love England, with your hearts and 
to preferve it by your Prayers. I am bold to fay that 
fince the pure Primitive time, the Gofpel never thri- 
ved fo well in any foile on earth, as in the Brittifh, nor 
is the like goodneffe of nature, or Cornucopian plenty 
elfe- where to be found: if ye lofe that Country and 
finde a better before ye come to Heaven, my Cofmo- 
graphy failes me. I am farre from difcouraging any, 
whom neceffity of Confcience or condition thrufts 
out by head and fhoulders: if God calls any into a 
Wilderneffe, Hee will be noe wilderneffe to them, 
Jer. 2. 31. witneffe his large beneficence to us here 
beyond expectation. 

Ye fay, why come not we over to helpe the Lord 
againft the Mighty, in thefe Sacred battailes: 

I anfwer, many here are diligently obferving the 
counfell of the fame Prophet, 22. 10. Weepe not for 
him that is dead, neither bemoa7i him; but weep for him 
that is gone away and f hall returne no more to fee his Na- 
tive Country. Divers make it an Article of our Ameri- 
can Creed, which a celebrate Divine of England hath 
obferved upon Heb. 11.9. That no man ought to for- 
fake his owne countrey, but upon extraordinary caufe, 
and when that caufe ceafeth, he is bound in confcience 
to returne if he can : We are looking to him who hath 
our hopes and feafons in his only wife hand. 

In the mean time we defire to bow our knees before 
the Throne of Grace day and night, that the Lord 
would be pleafed in his tender mercy to ftill the fad 
unquietneffe and per-peracute contentions, of that 

moft 



Aggavvam in dmmca. 25 



moft comfortable and renowned Ifland, that at length 
He may have praife in his Churches, and his Chur- 
ches peace in him, through Jefus Chrift. 

SHould I not keepe promife in f peaking a little to 
Womens fafhions, they would take it unkindly: I 
was loath to pefter better matter with fuch ftuffe; 
I rather thought it meet to let them ftand by them- 
felves, like the Quce Genus in the Grammer, being 
Deficients, or Redundants, not to be brought under 
any Rule: I fhall therefore make bold for this once, 
to borrow a little of their loofe tongued Liberty, and 
mifpend a word or two upon their long-wafted, but 
fhort-skirted patience: a little ufe of my ftirrup will 
doe no harme. 

Ridentem dicere verum, quid prohibet? 

Gray Gravity it felfe can well beteam. 
That Language be adapted to the Theme. 
He that to Parrots /peaks, muft parrotife: 
He that inftructs a foole, may act th'unwife. 

It is known more then enough, that I am neither 
Nigard, nor Cinick, to the due bravery of the true 
Gentry: if any man mif likes a buUymong droffock 
more then I, let him take her for his labour : I honour 
the woman that can honour her felfe with her attire : a 
good Text alwayes deferves a fair Margent; I am not 
much offended, if I fee a trimme, far trimmer than fhe 
that weares it: in a word, whatever Chriftianity or 
Civility will allow, I can afford with London mea- 

fure: 



26 The Simple Cohler of 



fure: but when 1 heare a nugiperous Gentledame in- 
quire what dreffe the Queen is in this week: what the 
nudiuftertian fafhion of the Court; with egge to be in 
it in all liafte, whatever it be; I look at her as the very 
gizzard of a trifle, the product of a quarter of a cypher, 
the epitome of Nothing, fitter to be kickt, if fhee were 
of a kickable fubftance, than either honour 'd or hu- 
mour 'd. 

To fpeak moderately, I truly confeffe it is beyond 
the ken of my underftanding to conceive, how thofe 
women fhould have any true grace, or valuable ver- 
tue, that have fo little wit, as to diffigure themfelves 
with fuch exotick garbes, as not only difmantles their 
native lovely luftre, but tranfclouts them into gant- 
bar-geefe, ill-fhapen-fhotten-fhell-fifh, Egyptian Hye- 
roglyphicks, or at the beft into French flurts of the 
paftery, which a proper Englifh woman fhould fcorne 
with her heels : it is no marvell they weare drailes on 
the hinder part of their heads, having nothing as it 
feems in the fore-part, but a few Squirrils brains to help 
them frisk from one ill-favour 'd fafhion to another. 

The/e whimm^Crown^d/hees, theje fafhion-fan/ying wits. 
Are empty thin brain'' d /hells, and fidling Kits. 

The very troublers and impoverifhers of mankind, 
I can hardly forbeare to commend to the world a fay- 
ing of a Lady living fometime with the Queen of Bo- 
hemia, I know not where fhee found it, but it is pitty 
it fhould be loft. 

The world is full of care, much like unto a bubble; 

women 



Aggavvam in dmertca. 27 



Women and care, and care and women, and women and 

{care and trouble. 

The Verfes are even enough for fuch odde peg- 
ma's I can make my felfe ficke at any time, with com- 
paring the dazHng fplender wherewith our Gentle- 
women were imbelHfhed in fome former habits, with 
the gut-foundred goofdom, wherewith they are now 
furcingled and debauched. Wee have about five or 
fix of them in our Colony : if I fee any of them acci- 
dentally, I cannot cleanfe my phanfie of them for a 
moneth after. I have been a folitary widdower almoft 
twelve yeares, purpofed lately to make a ftep over to 
my Native Country for a yoke-fellow: but when I 
confider how women there have tripe-wifed them- 
felves with their cladments, I have no heart to the 
voyage, leaft their naufeous fhapes and the Sea,fhould 
work too forely upon my ftomach. I fpeak fadly ; me 
thinkes it fhould breake the hearts of Englifh-men, to 
fee fo many goodly Englifh-women imprifoned in 
French Cages, peering out of their hood-holes for 
fome men of mercy to help them with a little wit, and 
no body relieves them. 

It is a more common then convenient faying, that 
nine Taylors make a man: it were well if nineteene 
could make a woman to her minde : if Taylors were 
men indeed, well f urnifhed but with meer morall prin- 
ciples, they would difdain to be led about like Apes, 
by fuch mymick Marmofets. It is a moft unworthy 
thing, for men that have bones in them, to fpend their 
lives in making fidle-cafes for futulous womens phan- 
fies; which are the very pettitoes of Infirmity, the 

E giblets 



28 The Simple Cohler of 



giblets of perquifquilian toyes. I am fo charitable 
to think, that moft of that myftery would worke 
the cheerfuller while they live, if they might bee 
well difcharged of the tyring flavery of mif-tyring 
women: it is no little labour to be continually put- 
ting up Englif h-women into Out-landifh caskes ; who 
if they be not fhifted anew, once in a few months, 
grow too fowre for their Husbands. What this Trade 
will anfwer for themfeives when God fhall take mea- 
fure of Taylors confciences is beyond my skill to i- 
magine. There was a time when 

The joyning of the Red-Ro/e with the White, 
Did fet our State into a Damask plight. 

But now our Rofes are turned to Flore de lices, our 
Carnations to Tuhps, our Gilliflowers to Dayzes, our 
City-Dames, to an indenominable Quaemalry of o- 
verturcaf 'd things. Hee that makes Coates for the 
Moone, had need to take meafure every noone : and he 
that makes for women, as often, to keepe them from 
Lunacy. 

I have often heard divers Ladies vent loud femi- 
nine complaints of the wearifome varieties and charg- 
Aii the Coun- ^^^^ changes of f af hions : I marvell themfeives pre- 
ties and fhires ferrc not a Bill of rcdreffc. ff would Efjex Ladies 
hav^haTwars would lead the Chore, for the honour of their Coun- 
in them fince ty and pcrfous ; or rather the thrice honorable La- 
bu^EffeTwiiich^i^s of the Court, whom it beft beefemes: who may 
is oneiy free, wcl prcfume of a Le Roii le veult from our fober Kins:, 
thankfuU ^ -^^^ Seigueurs ont affentus from our prudent Peers, 

and the like Af/entus, from our confiderate, I dare not 

fay 



Aggavvam ia Jmerica. 29 



fay wife-worne Commons: who I beleeve had much 
rather paffe one fuch Bill, than pay fo many Taylors 
Bills as they are forced to doe. 

Moft deare and unparallel'd Ladies, be pleafed to 
attempt it : as you have the precellency of the women 
of the world for beauty and feature; fo affume the ho- 
nour to give, and not take Law from any, in matter 
of attire: if ye can tranfact fo faire a motion among 
your felves unanimouf ly, I dare fay, they that moft re- 
nite, will leaft repent. What greater honour can your 
Honors defire, then to build a Promontory prefident 
to all foraigne Ladies, to deferve fo eminently at the 
hands of all the Englifh Gentry prefent and to come: 
and to confute the opinion of all the wife men in the 
world; who never thought it poffible for women to 
doe fo good a work ? 

If any man think I have fpoken rather merrily than 
ferioufly he is much miftaken, I have written what I 
write with all the indignation I can, and no more then 
I ought. I confeffe I veer'd my tongue to this kinde 
of Language de indu/tria though unwillingly, fuppo- 
fing thofe I fpeak to are uncapable of grave and rati- 
onall arguments. 

I defire all Ladies and Gentlewomen to underftand 
that all this while I intend not fuch as through necef- 
fary modefty to avoyd morofe fingularity, follow fa- 
fhions flowly, a flight fhot or two off, fhewing by 
their moderation, that they rather draw countermont 
with their hearts, then put on by their examples. 

I point my pen only againft the light-heel'd beagles 
that lead the chafe fo f aft, that they run all civility out 
of breath, againft thefe Ape-headed pullets, which 

E 2 invent 



30 The Simple Cohler of 



invent Antique foole-fangles, meerly for fafhion and 
novelty fake. 

In a word, if I begin once to declaime againft fafhi- 
ons, let men and women look well about them, there 
is fomewhat in the bufineffe; I confeffe to the world, 
I never had grace enough to be ftrict in that kinde; 
and of late years, I have found fyrrope of pride very 
wholefome in a due Dos, which makes mee keep I'uch 
ftore of that drugge by me, that if any body comes 
to me for a queftion-full or two about fafhions, they 
never complain of me for giving them hard meafure, 
or under-weight. 

But I addreffe my felf to thofe who can both hear 
and mend all if they pleafe : I feriouf ly fear, if the pi- 
ous Parliament doe not find a time to ftate fafhions, 
as ancient Parliaments have done in part, God will 
hardly finde a time to ftate Religion or Peace : They 
are the furquedryes of pride, the wantonneffe of idle- 
neffe, provoking fins, the certain prodromies of affu- 
red judgement, Zcph. 1. 7, 8. 

It is beyond all account, how many Gentlemens 
and Citizens eftates are deplumed by their feather- 
headed wifes, what ufefuU fupplies the pannage of 
England would afford other Countries, what rich re- 
turnes to it felfe, if it were not flic 'd out into male and 
female fripperies: and what a multitude of mif-im- 
ploy'd hands, might be better improv'd in fome more 
manly Manufactures for the publique weale : it is not 
eafily credible, what may be faid of the preterplura- 
lities of Taylors in London: I have heard an honeft 
man fay, that not long fince there were numbered be- 
tween Temple-barre and C having -Croffe, eight thou- 

fand 



Aggavvam ia Amtrica. 3i 



fand of that Trade : let it be conjectured by that pro- 
portion how many there are in and about London, and 
in all England, they will appeare to be very nume- 
rous. If the ParUament would pleafe to mend wo- 
men, which their Husbands dare not doe, there need 
not fo many men to make and mend as there are. I 
hope the prefent dolefull eftate of the Realme, will 
perfwade more ftrongly to fome confiderate courfe 
herein, than I now can. 

Knew I how to bring it in, I would fpeake a word 
to long haire, whereof I will fay no more but this: 
if God proves not fuch a Barbor to it as he threatens, 
unleffe it be amended, Efa. 7. 20. before the Peace of 
the State and Church be well fetled, then let my pro- 
phefie be fcorned, as a found minde icornes the ryot 
of that fin, and more it needs not. If thofe who are 
tearmed Rattle-heads and Impuritans would take up 
a Refolution to begin in moderation of haire, to the 
juft reproach of thofe that are called Puritans and 
Kound-heads, I would honour their manlineffe, as 
much as the others godlineffe, fo long as I knew what 
man or honour meant : if neither can finde a Barbours 
fhop, let them turne in, to Pjal 68.21. Jer. 7.29.1 Cor. 
11.14. if it be thought no wifdome in men to diftin- 
guifh themfelves in the field by the Sciffers, let it bee 
thought no Injustice in God, not to diftinguifh them 
by the Sword. I had rather God fhould know me by 
my fobriety, than mine enemy not know me by my 
vanity. He is ill kept, that is kept by his owne fin. A 
f hort promife, is a f arre faf er guard than a long lock : 
itlis an ill diftinction which God is loth to looke at, 
and his Angels cannot know his Saints by. Though 

E 3 it 



32 The Simple Cobler of 



it be not the mark of the Beaft, yet it may be the mark 
of a beaft prepared to flaughter. I am fure men ufe 
not to weare fuch manes; I am alfo fure Souldiers 
ufe to weare other marklets or notadoes in time of 
battell. 

HAving done with the upper part of my work, I 
would now with all humble willingneffe fet on 
the beft peece of Soule-leather I have, did I not fear I 
fhould break my All, which though it may be a right 
old Englifh blade, yet it is but little and weake. I 
fhould efteem it the beft piece of workmanfhip my 
Cobling hand ever wrought, if it would pleafe Him 
whofe worke it is, to direct me to fpeake fuch a word 
over the Sea, as the good old woman of Abel did o- 
ver the wall, in the like exigent: but alas, I am but 
fimple. What if I be? 

When States dishelv'd are, and Lawes untwijt. 
Wife men keep their tongues, fools /peak what they lift. 

I would not be fo unwife as to grieve the wife, if I 
were wife enough to forefee it: I would fpeake no- 
thing to the Caufe or Continuance of thefe weari- 
fome Warres hitherto; the one is enough debated, the 
other more than enough peracted. Nor would I de- 
claime of the uncomlineffe, unbrotherlineffe, unfea- 
fonableneffe and unreafonableneffe of thefe direfull 
digladiations : every ftroak ftruck founds too loud 
upon this harfh ftring. I would much rather fpeake 
perfwafives to a comely brotherly feafonable and 
reafonable ceffation of Armes on both fides, by a 

drawn 



Aggavvam in dmerica. 33 



drawn battaile: Wherein if I fhall adventure a few 
over-bold words, I intreat my ignorance, impartiality, 
and Loyalty may plead pardon for me. 

Foure meanes there are, and no more, within the 
compaffe of my confideration, conducing to what is 
defired. Either to get the Standard fixed in heaven 
by the Lord of Hofts taken downe, I meane by Re- 
formation : Or to let up white colours inftead of red, 
on one fide or other, I meane by Compofition: Or 
by furling up all the Enfignes on both fides, I meane 
by mutuall and generall Ceffation: Or by ftill dif- 
playing all the Colours and Cornets of every batalli- 
on, I mean by profecution : without Reformation there 
will hardly be any Compofition; without Compofi- 
tion little hope of Ceffation; without Ceffation there 
muft and will be Profecution; which God forbid. 

Reformatio7i. 

WHen the Roman Standard was defixed with 
fuch difficulty at the battaile between Hanni- 
ball and Flaminius at Thrafimene, it proved an ill O- 
men. When God gives quietneffe, who can make trouble; 
when he hideth his face, who can behold him? Whether 
it be againft a Nation or a man onely. That the Hypo- 
crite r eigne not, left the people be infnared. Job 34. 
29, 30. How can the fword of the Lord put it felfe 
up into its fcabbard and be quiet, when himfelf hath 
given it a charge to the contrary ? Jer. 47. 6, 7. It was 
a Cardinall Truth which Cardinall Poole fpake to 
H. 8. Penes Reges eft inferre bellum, penes aidem Deum 
terminare. If Kings will make their beginnings, God 
will make his ends: much more when him felfe be- 
gins 



34 TJf Simple Cobler of 



gins: When I begin, I will alfo make an end, 1 Sam. 
3. 12. Farre better were it, for men to make an end 
with him in time, than put him to make fuch an end 
with them as he there intends. 

Pohticall Reformation he feemes to call for now 
indigitanter. When he beholds Chriftian Kingdomes 
and States nnfoimd in their foundations, illiueal in 
their fuperftructures, unjuft in their adminiftrations; 
he kicks them in peeces with the foot of his Indigna- 
tion: But when Religious Statefmen frame and build 
by the levell and plummet of his wifdome, then {)eo- 
ple may fay as his fervants of old, Looke upon Zion 
the City of our Solemnities; Your eyes fhall fee it a qui- 
et habitation, a Tabernaele that fhall not be taken down ; 
not (me of the flakes thereof fhall be removed, neither fhall 
any of the eoards thereof bee broken, Ifa. 33.20. neither 
by civill Commotions nor foraign Invafions, When 
the eoards of a State are exquifitely tight, ami the 
ftakes firmely pitched; fuch a Tent though but a Tent 
fhall not eafily flutter or fall: But // the Tarklings be 
fo loofe, that the maine Maft cannot ftand fteady, nor the 
Saile be vjellfpread; then may the lame take and deride a 
great prey, ver. 23. If Heligiou, Laws, lyiberties, and 
foraigne Federacies be flight: the ftrength of ftrong 
men fhall beweakneffe, and the weaknene of the weak 
victorious. 

Pura polite ja ne unum admiittitfolcreifm ulum, n eq ueva- 
let,pra'frripfio in politieis out moralibus. \\ lujiy main- 
tain a bright coiijecliire, agaiiift a rufly 'I'ruth : a legi- 
ble poffeffion, againft an obhlerate (^laime: an in- 
convenience, agaiiift a coiivciiieiice; wIkmt no cleare 
remedy may be had: but never aiiythiiig Ihat is for- 
mally 



Aggavvam ia Jjmrica. 35 



mally I'infiill, or materially miichiovoiis. When rot- 
ten States are iouiuUy meiuled from head to foot, pro- 
portions duly admeafured. Juftice jultly difpeueed; 
then fhall Riders and Subjects have peace with Ciod 
and themielves: but till then, the gayeft Kingdomes 
fhall be but rutHiniX fcutHing, removiui:: and comino- 
ving hovells. For l^mjland, however the upper Sto- 
ries are f broadly fJiattered; yet the foundations and 
frame being good or mendable by the Architectors 
now at worKC, there is good hope, when peace is tet- 
led, people fhall dwell more wind-tight and water- 
tight than formerly, I earneftly wifh our Mr. Builders 
to remember, that punctuality in Divinity and Tolitie, 
is but regularity; that what is'amifte in the mould, will 
misfafhion the profult : and that if this market be flipt. 
things may grow as deare as ever they were. Mott 
expert (icntlemen, bee intreated at length to let our 
Head right on our Shoulders, that we nuiy once look- 
upwards and goe forwards like {>roper Kugliriimen. 

God will alio have Eeclefiafticall Uefornuition 
now, or nothing: And here he ftands not upon Kings, 
Parliaments ov Airend)lies, but upon his t>wn 'IVrmes. 
1 feare lice will have all droffe and bale mettalls 
throughly melted away bv thei'e combuftions, before 
llee (|uenches them; all Ins Ordinances and vcl tells 
caft into his own faf'hion, in his tnvn nu>uld, to his 
own aniufsifn, before he reltiuvs [)cacc. If this (irlt 
worke bee thn)ughiy and throughoutly ditnatched as 
1 hope it is, the great Ixtniora is removed. It the Parli- 
ament and AlTiMubly be pleated to be as curious and 
induftrious as 1 have (vvu a great Popilh Hifhop in 

F execra- 



36 The Simple Cobler of 



execrating a Proteftant Par. Church one day, and con- 
fecrating it the next; they may adjourn a while with 
leave enough, 

Some ten or twelve years before thefe Wars there 
came to my view thefe two Predictions. 

1 . When God fhall purge this Land with foap and nitre , 
Woe he to the Crowne, woe be to the Mitre. 

The Accent of the blow fhall fall there. 
He that pities not the Crowne, pities not his own 
foule. Hee that pities not thofe that wore the Mitre, 
more than they pitied themfelves, or the Churches 
over which they infulted, or the State then corrupted 
and now Corruined by their pride and negligence, is 
to blame. 

2. There is a fet of Bifhops comming next behind^ 
Will ride the Devill off his legs, and break his wind. 

Poore men ! they might have kept his back till this 
time for ought I know, had they not put him beyond 
his pace: but Schollers muft gallop, though they 
tumble for it. Yet I commend them for this, they 
gave him fuch ftraynes as made him blow fhort ever 
fince. I doubt the Affembly troubles him; and I doubt 
he troubles them. Well, the Bifhops are gone: If they 
have carried away with them all that was in the poc- 
kets of their Holliday hofe, farre them well; let them 
come againe when I give them a new Conge d* /tier, 
or fend a purfuivant for them; which if I doe, I fhall 
never truft my felfe more, though they have often 

done 



Aggavvam in Jmerica. 37 



done it for me, who never deferved^that honour. Some 
of them I confeffe were very-^honeft men, and would 
have been honefter if they dared for their fellows. 

The fad worke now is to inftitute better things in 
their Roome, and to induct better men in their roome; 
rather where and how to'finde thofe things, they ha- 
ving cunningly laid them fo farre out of the way; I 
doubt some good men cannot fee them, when they 
look full upon them: it is like, the Bifhops carryed 
away their eyes with them, but I fear they left their 
Spectacles behind them. I ufe no fpectacles, yet my 
eyes are not fine enough, nor my hand fteady enough 
to cut by fuch fine threads as are now fpun, I am I 
know not what; I cannot tell what to make of my 
felfe, nor I think no body elfe : My Trade is to finde 
more faults than others will mend; and I am very 
diligent at it; yet it fcarfe findes me a living, though 
the Country finds me more worke than I can turne 
my hand to. 

For Church worke, I am neither Presbyterian, nor 
plebsbyterian, but an Interpendent : My task is to fit 
and ftudy how fhapeable the Independent way will 
be to the body of England, then my head akes on one 
fide; and how fuitable the Presbyterian way, as we 
heare it propounded, will be to the minde of Chrift, 
then my head akes on the other fide : but when I con- 
fider how the Parliament will commoderate a way 
out of both, then my head leaves aking. I am not, 
without fome contrivalls in my patching braines; but 
I had rather fuppofe them to powder, than expofe 
themtopreregular,much leffe to preter- regular Judge- 
ments : I fhall therefore rejoyce that the worke is fain 

F 2 into 



38 The Simple Cobler of 



into fo good hands, heads, and hearts, who will weigh 
Rules by Troyweight, and not by the old Haber-du- 
pois: and rather then meddle where I have fo little 
skill, I will fit by and tell my feares to them that have 
the patience to heare them, and leave the red-hot'que- 
ftion to them that dare handle it. 
r I fear many holy men have not fo deeply ^humbled 
themfelves for their former mif-worfhippings of God 
as hee will have them before he reveales his fecrets to 
them: as they accounted things indifferent, fo they 
account indifferent repentance will ferve turne. Sonne 
of man, if my people be ajhamed of all that they have 
done, then [hew them the forme of the houje, and the fa- 
fhion thereof, elfe not, Ezek. 43. 1 1. A fin in Gods wor- 
fhip, that feemes fmall in the common beame of the 
world, may be very great in the fcoales of his Sanctu- 
ary. Where God is very jealous, his fervants fhould 
be very cautelous. 

I feare the furnace wherein our new forms are caft- 
ing, is over-heat, and cafts fmoake in the eyes of our 
founders, that they cannot well fee what they doe, or 
ought to doe; omne perit judicium cum res tranfit in 
affectum. Truth and Peace are the Castor and Pollux 
of the Gofpell : they that feeke the one without the o- 
ther, are like to finde neither: Anger will hinder do- 
meftick Prayers, much more Ecclefiaftique Counfels. 
What is produced by tumult, is either difficient or re- 
dundant. When the judgements of good men con- 
curre with an harmonious Diapafon, the refult is me- 
lodious and commodious. Warring and jarring men 
are no builders of houses for God, though other- 
wife very good. Inftruments may be well made and 

well 



Aggavvam in America. 39 



well ftrung, but if they be not well fretted, the Mu- 
fique is marred. The great Turke hearing Mufitians 
fo long a tuning, he though it ftood not with his ftate 
to wait for what would follow. When Chrift whips 
Market-makers out of his Temple, he raifes duft: but 
when he enters in with Truth and Holineffe, he calls 
for deep filence, Hah. %. 20. There muft not a toole 
be heard when the Tabernacle is reared : Nor is that 
amiable or ferviceable to men that paffeth through fo 
many ill animadverfions of Auditors and Spectators, 
If the Affembly can hardly agree what to determine, 
people will not eafily agree what to accept. 

I fear, thefe differences and delayes have occafion- 
ed men to make more new difcoveries then otherwife 
they would. If pubUque Affemblies of Divines can- 
not agree upon a right way, private Conventicles of 
illiterate men; will foone finde a wrong. Bivious de- 
murres breed devious refolutions. Paffengers to hea- 
ven are in hafte, and will walk one way or other. He 
that doubts of his way, thinks hee lofes his day: and 
when men are gone a while, they will be loth to turn 
back. If God hide his path, Satan is at hand to turne 
Convoy: if any have a minde to ride pofte, he will 
help them with a frefh fpavin'd Opinion at every 
Stage. 

Where clocks will ftand, and Dials have no light , 
There men muft go by gueffe, heH wrong or right. 

I feare, if the Affembly of all Divines, do not con- 
fent, and concenter the fooner, God will breath a fpi- 
rit of wifedome and meekneffe, into the Parliament of 

F 3 no 



40 The Simple Cohler of 



no Divines, to whom the Imperative and Coactive 
power fupremely belongs, to confult fuch a contem- 
perate way, as fhall beft pleafe him, and profit his 
Churches, fo that it fhall be written upon|the doore 
of the Affembly; The Lord was not there. 

I feare the importunity of fome impatient, and fub- 
tlety of fome malevolent mindes, will put both Par- 
liament and Affembly upon fome preproperations, 
that will not be fafe in Ecelefiafticall Conftitutions. 
To procraftinate in matters cleare, as I faid even now, 
may be dangerous; fo, not to delibrate in dubious 
cafes, will be as perilous. We here, though I think 
under favour, wee have fome as able Steerfmen as 
E^igland affords, have been driven to tack about again 
to fome other points of Chrifts Compaffe, and to 
make better observations before we hoyfe up fayles. 
It will be found great wifdom in difputable cafes, not 
to walk on by twylight, but very cauteoufly; rather 
by probationers for a time, then peremptory pofitives. 
Reelings and wheelings in Church acts, are both dif- 
ficult and dif advantageous. It is rather Chriftian mo- 
desty than fhame, in the dawning of Reformation, to 
be very perpenfive. Chrifts minde is, that Evange- 
licall policies, fhould be frained by Angelicall mea- 
fures; not by a line of flaxe, but by a golded Reed, 
Rev. 21. 15. 4 

I feare, he that fayes the Presbyterian and Inde- 
pendent way, if rightly carryed doe not meet in one, 
he doth not handle his Compaffes fo confiderately as 
he fhould. 

I feare if Authority doth not eftablifh a futable 
and peaceable Government of Churches the fooner, 

the 



Aggavvam in Jmcnca.^^^--^^ 41 



the bells in all the fteeples will ring awke fo long, that 
they will hardly be brought into tune any more. 
|§My laft, but not leaft feare, is, That God will hardly 
replant] hislGofpel in any part of Chriftendome, in 
fo faire an Edition as is expected, till the whole field 
hath been fo ploughed and harrowed, that the foile 
be throughly eleanfed and fitted for new feed: Or 
whether he will not tranfplant it into fome other Re- 
gions, I know not: This feare I have feared thefe 20 
years, but upon what grounds I had rather bury than 
broach. 

p^T dare not but adde to what preceded about 
Church-reformation, a moft humble petition, that the 
Authority of the Miniftery be kept in its due altitude : 
if it be dropp'd in the duft, it will foon bee ftifled: 
Encroachments on both fides, have bred detriments 
enough to the whole. The Separatifts are content 
their teaching Elders fliould fit higheft on the Bench, 
fo they may fit in the Chaire over-againft them; and 
that their Ruling Elders fhall ride on the faddle, fo 
they may hold the bridle. That they may likewife 
havefeafonable and honourable maintenance, and that 
certainly ftated : which generally we find and practife 
here as the beft way. When Elders live upon peo- 
ples good wills, people care little for their ill wills, 
be they never fo juft. Voluntary Contributions or 
non tributions of Members, put Minifters upon 
many temptations in adminiftrations of their Offices, 
two houres care does more dif fpirit an ingenuous 
man than two dayes ftudy : nor can an Elder be gi- 
ven to hofpitality, when he knowes not what will be 
given him to defray it: it is pity men of gifts fhould 

live 



42 The Simple Cohler of 



live upon mens gifts. I have feen moft of the Refor- 
med Churches in Europ, and feene more mifery in 
thefe two refpects, then it is meet others fhould hear: 
the complaints of painfull Parens, David Pareus, to 
my felfe, with tears, concerning the Germane Chur- 
ches are not to be related. 

There is yet a personall Reformation, as requifite as 
the politicall. When States are fo reformed, that they 
conforme fuch as are profligate, into good civility: 
civill men, into religious morality: When Churches 
are fo conftituted, that Faith is ordained Paftour, 
Truth Teacher, Holineffe and Righteoufneffe ruling 
Elders: Wifedome and Charity Deacons: Know- 
ledge, love, hope, zeale, heavenly-mindedneffe, meek- 
neffe, patience, watchfulneffe, humility, diligence, fo- 
briety, modefty, chaftity, conftancy, prudence, con- 
tentation, innocency, f incerity, &c. admitted members, 
and all their oppofites excluded: then there will bee 
peace of Country and Confcience. 

Did the fervants of Chrift know what it is to live 
in Reformed Churches with unreformed fpirits, under 
ftrict order with loofe hearts, how formes of Religi- 
on breed but formes of Godlineffe, how men by 
Church-difcipline, learne their Church-poftures, and 
there reft; they would pray as hard for purity of 
heart, as purity of Ordinances. If wee mocke God 
in thefe. He will mocke us; either with defeat of our 
hopes ; or which is worfe : when wee have what we fo 
much defire, wee fhall be fo much the worfe for it. It 
was a well falted fpeech, uttered by an Englifh Chri- 
ftian of a Reformed Church in the Netherlands, Wee 
have the good Orders here, but you have the good 

Chrifti- 



Agqavvam in Jmerica. 



43 



Chriftians in England. Hee that prizes not Old Eng- 
land Graces, as much as New Englafid Ordinances, 
had need goe to fome other market before hee comes 
hither. In a word, hee that is not Paftour, Teacher, 
Ruler, Deacon and Brother to himfelfe, and lookes 
not at Chrift above all, it matters not a farthing whe- 
ther he be Presbyteran or Independent: he may be a 
zelot in bearing witneffe to which he likes beft, and 
yet an Ifcariot to both, in the witneffe of his owne 
Confcience. 

I have upon ftrict obfervation, feen fo much power 
of Godlineffe, and fpirituall mindedneffe in Englifh 
Chriftians, living meerly upon Sermons and private 
duties, hardly come by, when the Gofpell was little 
more than fymptomaticall to the State; fuch Epi- 
demicall and lethall formality in other difciplinated 
Churches, that I profeffe in the hearing of God, my 
heart hath mourned, and mine eyes wept in fecret, to 
confider what will become of multitudes of my dear 
Country-men when they fhall enjoy what they now 
covet: Not that good Ordinances breed ill Confci- 
ences, but ill Confciences grow ftarke nought under 
good Ordinances; infomuch that might I wifh an hy- 
pocrite the moft perilous place but Hell, I fhould wifh 
him a Memberfhip in a ftrict Reformed Church : and 
might I wifh a fincere Servant of God, the greateft 
greife earth can afford, I fhould wifh him to live with 
a pure heart, in a Church impurely Reformed; yet 
through the improvement of Gods Spirit, that greife 
may fanctifie him for Gods fervice and presence, as 
much as the means he would have, but cannot. 

I fpeak this the rather to prevent, what in me lyes, 

G the 



44 The Simple Cobler of 



the imprudent romaging that is hke to be in England, 
from Villages to Townes, from Townes to Cities, 
for Churches fake, to the undoing of Societies, Friend- 
fhips, Kindreds, Famihes, Heritages, Callings, yea, 
the wife Providence of God in difpofing mens habi- 
tations, now in the very Infancy of Reformation : by 
forgetting that a little leaven may feafon a large lump : 
and it is much better to doe good than receive. It 
were a moft uncharitable and unferviceable part, for 
good men to defert their own Congregations, where 
many may glorifie God in the day of his Vifitation, 
for their pre fence and affiftance. If a Christian would 
picke out a way to thrive in grace, let him ftudy to 
adminifter grace to them that want; or to make fure 
a blelTing upon his Family, let him labour to mul- 
tiply the Family of Chrift, and beleeve, that he which 
foweth liberally, fhall reape abundantly; and he that 
fpareth more than is need, from them that have more 
need, fhall furely come to poverty: yea, let me fay, 
that hee who f orfakes the meanes of grace for Chrift 
and his Churches fake', fhall meet with a better bar- 
gaine, namely, grace it felfe. It is a time now, when 
full flockes fhould rather fcatter to leane Churches 
than gather from other places to make themfelves fat ; 
when able Chriftians fhould rather turne Jefuites and 
Seminaries, than run into Covents and Frieries: had 
this been the courfe in the Primitive time, the Gofpel 
had been pinfolded up in a few Cities, and not fpread 
as it is. 

What more ungodly facriledge or man-ftealing can 
there be, then to purloin from godly Minifters the firft 
born of their fervent prayers and faithfull preachings, 

the 



Aggavvam in dmerica. 45 



the leven of their flocks, the incouragenient of their 
foules, the Crowne of their labours, their Epiftle to 
Heaven? I am glad to hear our New-England Elders 
generally deteft it difpneriter, and look at it as a kil- 
ling CordoliuTn: If men will needs gather Churches 
out of the world (as they fay) let them firft plough 
the world, fow it, and reap it with their own hands, 
and the Lord give them a liberal 1 Harveft. He is a ve- 
ry hard man that will reap where he hath not fowed, 
and gathered where he hath not ftrowed, i/a^. 24.25. 

He that faith, it is or was our cafe, doth not rightly 
underftand himfelf or us, and he that takes his warrant 
out of J oh. 4. 37.38. is little acquainted with Expofi- 
tors. Wifemen are amazed to hear that confcientious 
Minifters dare fpoile many Congregations to make 
one for themfelves. 

In matter of Reformation, this would be remem- 
bred, that in premonitory judgements, God will take 
good words, and fincere intents; but in peremptory, 
nothing but reall performances. 

Compofition 

IF Reformation were come thus neer, I fhould hope 
Compofition were not farre off: When hearts meet 
in God, they will foon meet in Gods wayes, and up- 
on Gods termes. But to avoid prolixity, which fteales 
upon me; For Compofition, I fhall compofe halfe a 
dozen diftichs concerning thefe kind of Wars; wifh- 
ing I could fing afleep thefe odious ftirs, at leaft on 
fome part, with a dull Ode. He is no Cobler that can- 
not fing, nor no good Cobler that can fing well : 

G 2 Si 



46 The Simple Cobler of 



Si natura negat, facit indignatio verfum \ They are 

Qualemcunque pote/t Juvenal. J thefe. 

1. 

THey feldome lofe the field, hut often win, 
That end their warrs, before their warrs begin. 

2. 
Their Caufe is oft the tvorft, that firft begin. 
And they may lofe the field, the field that win: 

3. 
In Civill warrs Hwixt Subjects and their King, 
There is no conqueft got, by conquering. 

4. 
Warre ill begun, the onely way to mend. 
Is fend the warre before the warre doe end. 

5. 
They that well end ill warrs, must have the skill. 
To make an end by Rule, and not by Will. 

6. 
In ending ivarrs Hween Subjects and their Kings, 
Great thhigs are fav'd, by lofing little things. 

Wee heare that Majeftas Imperii hath challenged 
Salus Populi into the field; the one fighting for Pre- 
rogatives, the other defending Liberties: Were I a 
Coni'table bigge enough, I would fet one of them by 
the heeles to keep both their hands quiet; I mean one- 
ly in a paire of ftocks, made of found reafon, hand- 
fomely fitted for the legges of their Underftanding. 

If Salus Populi began, furely it was not that Salus 
Populi Heft in England: ihRi Salus Populi was as man- 
nerly a Salus Populi as need bee : if I be not much de- 
ceived, that Salus Populi fuffer'd its noie to be held to 
the Grindftone, till it was almoft ground to the grifles 

and 



Aggavvam ia dmtrica. 47 



and yet grew never the fharper for ought I could di- 
feerne; What was, before the world was 'made, I 
leave to better Antiquaries then my felfe; but I think, 
fince the world began, it was never ftoried that Sa- 
lus Populi began with Majejtas Imperii, unleffe Ma- 
jeftas imperii firft unharbour'd it, and hunted it to a 
ftand, and then it muft either turne head and live, or 
turn taile and die : but more have been ftoryed on the 
other hand than Majejtas Imperii is willing to heare : 
I doubt not but Majejtas Imperii knows, that Com- 
mon-wealths colt as much the making as Crownes; 
and if they be well made, would yet outfell an ill-fa- 
fhioned Crown, in any Market overt, if they could be 
well vouched. 

But Preces & Lachrymw, are the peoples weapons : 
fo are Swords and Piftoles, when God and Parlia- 
ments bid them Arme. Prayers and Tears are good 
weapons for them that have nothing but knees and 
eyes; but moft men are made with teeth and nailes; 
onely they muft neither fcratch for Liberties, nor 
bite Prerogatives, till they have wept and prayed as 
God would have them. If Subjects muft fight for 
their Kings again ft other Kingdomes, when their 
Kings will; I know no reafon, but they may fight a- 
gainft their Kings for their own Xingdomes, when 
Parliaments fay they may and muft : but Parliaments 
muft not fay they muft, till God fayes they may. 

I can never beleeve that Majejtas Imperii, was ever 
fo fimple as to think, that if it extends it felf beyond 
its due Artique at one end, but Salus Populi muft An- 
tartique it as farre at the other end, or elfe the world 
will be Excentrick, and then it will whirle; and if it 

once 



48 The Simple Cobler of 



once fall a'^whirling, ten to one, it will whirle them 
off firft, that fit in higheft Chaires on ciifhions fill'd 
with Peacocks feathers; and they are like to ftand 
their ground fafteft, that owne not one foot of ground 
to ftand upon. When Kings rife higher than they 
fhould, they exhale Subjects higher than they would: 
if the Primum Mobile fhould afcend one foote higher 
than it is, it would hurry all the nether wheeles, and 
the whole world on fire in 24 houres. No Prince ex- 
ceeds in Soveraignty, but his Subjects will exceed as 
f arre in fome vitious Liberty, to albate their griefe ; or 
fome pernicious mutiny, to abate their Prince. 

I 
The crazy world will crack, in all the middle joynts. 
If all the ends it hath, have not their parapoynts. 

Nor can I beleeve that Crownes trouble Kings 
heads, fo much as Kings heads trouble Crowns: nor 
that they are flowers of Crowns that trouble Crowns, 
but rather fome Nettles or Thiftles miftaken for 
flowers. 

To fpeak plainer Englifh, I have wondred thefe 
thirty years what Kings aile : I have seen in my time, 
the beft part of twenty Chriftian Kings and Princes ; 
Yet as Chriftian as they were, fome or other were ftill 
fcuffiing for Prerogatives. It muft be granted at all 
hands, that Prwrogativce Regis are neceffary Suppor- 
ters of State : and ftately things to ftately Kings : but 
if withall, they be Derogativce Reg7io, they are but lit- 
tle things to wife Kings. P'quity is as due to People, 
as Eminency to Princes : Liberty to Subjects, as Roy- 
alty to Kings: If they cannot walk together lovingly 

hand 



Aggavvam ia America. 49 



hand in hand, paripaffu, they muft cut girdles and part 
as good friends as they may: Nor muft it be taken 
offenfively, that when ^ings are haihng up their top- 
gallants, Subjects lay hold on their slablines; the head 
and body muft move alike : it is nothing meet for me 
to fay with Horace, 

Ut tu fortunam, fie nos te Car'le jeremus. 

y 
But I hope I may fafely fay, 

The body beares the head, the head the Crown; 
If both beare not alike, then one will down. 

Diftracting Nature, calls for diftracting Remedies; 
perturbing policies for difturbing cures: if one Ex- 
treame fhould not conftitute its Anti-Extreame, all 
things would foon be in extremo: if ambitious windes 
get into Rulers Crownes, rebellious vapours will in- 
to Subjects Caps, be they ftopt never fo clofe: Yet 
the tongues of Times tell us of ten Preter royall U- 
furpations, to one contra-civill Rebellion. 

Civill Liberties and proprieties admeafured, to 
every man to his true fuum, are the prima pura prin- 
cipia, propria quarto modo, the fine quibus of humane 
States, without which, men are but women. Peoples 
proftrations of thefe things when they may lawfully 
helpe it, are prophane proftitutions ; ignorant Ideo- 
tifmes, under-naturall noddaries; and juft it is that 
fuch as underfell them, fhould not re-inherit them in 
hafte, though they feek it carefully with teares. And 
fuch ufurpations by Rulers, are the unnaturalizings of 

nature, 



50 The Simple Cohler of 

nature, disfranchifements of Freedome, the Neronian 
nullifyings of Kingdomes: yea, I beleeve the Devill 
himfelfe would turn Round-head, rather then fuffer 
thefe Columnes of Common-wealths to be flighted : 
as he is a creature, he fears decreation; as an Angell, 
dehominations; as a Prince, dif-common-wealthings; 
as finite, thefe pen-infinite infolencies, which are the 
moft finite Infinites of mifery to men on this fide the 
worlds diffolution; therefore it is, that with Gods 
leave, he hath founded an alarm to all the fu/que deques 
pell-mels, one and alls, now harrafing fundry parts 
of Chriftendome. It is enough for God to be Infinite, 
too much for man to be Indefinite. He that will flye 
too high a quarry for Abfoluteneffe, fhall ftoope as 
much too low before he remounts his proper pitch: 
If Jacob will over top his Brother out of Gods time 
and way, we will fo hamftring him that he fhall make 
legs whether he will or no, at his brothers approach : 
and fuch as over-run all humane meafure, fhall feldom 
return to humane mercy: There are fins befides the 
fin against the Holy Ghoft, which fhall not be expia- 
ted by facrifice for temporall revenge: I mean when 
they are boyled up to a full confiftence of contumacy 
and impenitency. Let abfolute Demands or Com- 
mands be put into one fcale, and indefinite refufalls 
into the other: All the Goldfmiths in Cheapefide, can- 
not tell which weighs heavieft. Intolerable griefes to 
Subjects, breed the Iliaca pa/sio in a body politick 
which inforces that upwards which fhould not. I fpeak 
thefe things to excufe,what I may, my Countrymen in 
the hearts of all that look upon their proceedings. 
There is a quadrobulary faying, which paffes cur- 
rent 



Aggavvam ia dmerica. 5i 



rent in the Wefterne World, That the Emperour is 
Zing of Kings, the Spaniard, Xing of Men, the French 
King of Affes, the Ki7ig of England, Kifig of Devils. 
By his leave that firft brayed the fpeech, they are pret- 
ty wife Devils and pretty honeft; the worfe they doe, 
is to keep their /vings from devillizing, & them felves 
from Affing: Were I a /ving (a fimple fuppofall) I 
would not part with one good Englifh Devil, for fome 
two of the Emperours Kings, nor three of the Spani- 
ards Men, nor foure French Affes; If I did, I fhould 
think my felfe an Affe for my labour. I know nothing 
that Englifhmen want, but true Grace, and honeft 
pride; let them be well furnifht with thofe two, I feare 
they would make more Affes, then Spaine can make 
men, or the Emperour Kings. You will fay I am now 
beyond mylatchet; but you would not fay fo, if you 
knew how high my latchet will ftretch; when I heare 
a lye with a latchet, that reaches up to his throat that 
firft forged it. 

He is a good King that undoes not his Subjects by 
any one of his unlimited Prerogatives: and they are 
a good people, that undoe not their Prince, by any 
one of their unbounded Liberties, be they the very 
leaft. I am fure either may, and I am fure neither 
would be trusted, how good foever. Stories tell us 
in effect, though not in termes, that over-rifen Kings, 
have been the next evills to the world, unto fallen An- 
gels; and that over-franchifed people, are devills 
with fmooth fnaffles in their mouthes. A King that 
lives by Law, lives by love; and he that lives above 
Law, fhall live under hatred doe what he can. Sla- 
very and knavery goe as feldome afunder, as Tyran- 
ny and Cruelty. H I 



52 The Simple Cobler of 



I have a long while thought it very poffible, in a 
time of Peace, and in fome Kings Reigne, for difert 
State fmen, to cut an exquifite thred between Kings 
Prerogatives, and Subjects Liberties of all forts, 
fo as Cosfar might have his due, and People their fhare, 
without fuch fharp difputes. Good Cafuifts would 
cafe it, and cafe it, part it, and part it; now it, and 
then it, punctually. Aquinas, Suarez or Valentia, 
would have done it long ere this, had they not beene 
Popifh, I might have faid Knaviijh; for if they be fo 
any where, it is in their Tractates of Priviledges. 
Our Common Law doth well, but it muft doe better 
before things do as they fhould. There are fomeiV/a.T- 
imes in Law, that would be taught to fpeake a little 
more mannerly, or elfe well Anti-Maxim'd: wee fay, 
the King can doe a Subject no wrong; why may wee 
not fay the Parliament can doe the King no wrong ? 
We fay. Nullum tempus occurrit Regi in taking wrong ; 
why may wee not fay. Nullum, tempus fuccurrit Regi 
in doing wrong ? which I doubt will prove as good a 
Canon if well examined. ' 

Authority muft have power to make and keep peo- 
ple honeft; People, honeftly to obey Authority; both, 
a joynt-Councell to keep both fafe. Morall Lawes, 
Royall Prerogatives, Popular Liberties, are not of 
Mans making or giving, but Gods: Man is but to 
meafure them out by Gods Rule: which if mans wif- 
dome cannot reach. Mans experience muft mend: 
And thefe Effentialls, muft not be Ephorized or Tri- 
buned by one or a few mens difcretion, but lineally 
fanctioned by Supreme Councels. In pro-re-najcent 
occurrences, which cannot be forefeen; Diets, Parli- 
aments 



Aggavvam ia America. 53 



aments, Senates, or accountable Commiffions, must 
have power to confult and execute againft interfilient 
dangers and flagitious crimes prohibited by the Hght 
ofJNature: Yet it were good if States would let Peo- 
ple know fo much before hand, by forne fafe woven 
manifefto, that groffe Delinquents may tell no tales of 
Anchors and Buoyes, nor palliate their prefumptions 
with pretence of ignorance. I know no difference in 
thefe Effentialls, between Monarchies, Aristocracies, 
or Democracies; the rule will be found, par-rationall 
fay Schoolemen and Pretorians what they will. And 
in all, the beft ftandard to meafure Prerogatives, is 
the Plough ftaffe, to meafure Liberties, the Scepter: 
if the tearms were a little altered into Loyall Prero- 
gatives and Royall Liberties, then we fhould be lure 
to have Royall Kings and Loyall Subjects. 

Subjects their King, the King his Subjects greets, 
Whilome the Scepter a7id the Plough-ftaffe meets. 

But Progenitors have had them for four and twen- 
ty predeceff ions : that would be fpoken in the Nor- 
man tongue or Cimbrian, not in the Englifh or Scot- 
tifh : When a Conquerour turnes Chriftian, Chriftia- 
nity turns Conquerour: if they had had them time out 
of minde of man, before ^4rfam was made, it is not a pin 
to the point in foru rectos rationis: Juftice and Equity 
were before time, and will be after it: Time hath nei- 
ther Politicks nor Ethicks, good nor evill in it; it is 
an empty thing, as empty as a New-Englifh purfe, and 
emptier it cannot bee: a man may break his neck in 
time, and in a leffe time then he can heale it. 

H 2 But 



54 Tl?e Simple Cobler of 



But here is the deadly pang, it muft now be taken 
by force and dint of fword : I confeffe it is a deadly 
pang to a Spirit made all of flefh, but not to a morti- 
fied heart: it is good to let God have his will as hee 
pleafe, when we have not reafon to let him have it as 
we fhould; remembring, that hitherto he hath taken 
order that ill Prerogatives gotten by the Sword, 
fhould in time be fetcht home by the Dagger, if no- 
thing elfe will doe it : Yet I truft there is botli day and 
means to intervent this bargaine. But if they fhould, 
if God will make both King and Xingdome the bet- 
ter by it, what fhould either lofe ? I am fure there is 
no great caufe for either to make great brags. 

Pax quo carior, eo charior. 

A peace well made, is likelieft then to hold, 
Whefi 'tis both dearly bought and dearly fold. 

I confeffe, he that parts with fuch pearles to be paid 
in old iron, had need to be pityed more by his faithfull 
friends, than he is like to be by his falfe flatterers. My 
heart is furcharged, I can no longer forbear. 

MY Deare/t Lord, and my more than dearest King ; I 
moft humbly befeech you upon mine aged knees, 
that you would pleafe to arme your minde with pati- 
ence of proofe, and to intrench your felfe as deepe as 
you can, in your wonted Royall meekneffe; for I am 
refolved to difplay my unfurled foule in your face, 
and to ftorme you with volyes of Love and Loy- 
alty. You owe the meaneft true Subject you have, 



Aggavvam in Jmerica. 55 



a clofe account of thefe open Warres: they are no 
Arcana imperii. Then give me leave to inquire of 
your Majefty, what you make in fields of blood, 
when you fhould be amidft your Parliament of peace: 
What you doe fculking in the fuburbs of Hell, when 
your Royall Pallaces ftand defolate, through your 
abfence ? What moves you to take up Armes againft 
your faithfull Subjects, when your Armes fhould bee 
embracing your mournfull Queen ? What incenfes 
your heart to make fo many widdowes and Orphans, 
and among the reft your owne ? Doth it become you, 
the King of the ftatelieft If land the world hath, to f or- 
fake your Throne, and take up the Manufacture of 
cutting your Subjects throats, for no other finne, but 
for Deifying you fo over-much, that you cannot be 
quiet in your Spirit, till they have pluckt you downe 
as over-low ? Doe your three Kingdomes fo trouble 
you, that they muft all three be fet on fire at once, that 
when you have done, you may probably runne away 
by their light into utter darkneffe ? Doe your three 
Crownes fit to heavy on your head, that you will 
break the backs of the three bodies that fet them on, 
and helpt you beare them fo honourably ? Have your 
three Lamb-like flocks fo molefted you, that you muft 
deliver them up to the ravening teeth of evening 
Wolves ? Are you fo angry with thofe that never 
gave you juft caufe to be angry, but by their to much 
feare to anger you at all, when you gave them caufe 
enough ? Are you fo weary of Peace, that you will 
never bee weary of Warre ? Are you fo willing to 
warre at home, who were fo unwilling to warre a- 
broad, where and when you fhould ? Are you fo wea- 



56 The Simple Cohler of 

ly of being a good King, that you will leave your 
felfe never a good Subject ? Have you peace of Con- 
fcience, in inforcing many of your Subjects to fight 
for you againft their Conicience ? Are you provided 
with Anfwers at the great Tribunall, for the deftructi- 
on of fo many thoufands, whereof every man was as 
good a man as your Selfe, qua man ? 

Is it not a moft unworthy part for you to bee run- 
ning away from your Subjects in a day of battell, up- 
on whofe Pikes you may come fafe with your naked 
breaft and welcome ? Is it honourable for you to bee 
flying on horfes, from thofe that would efteeme it 
their greatest honour, to beare you on their humble 
fhoulders to your Chaire of Eftate, and fet you down 
upon a Cufhion ftuffed with their hearts ? Is it your 
prudence to be inraged with your beft friends, for ad- 
venturing their lives to refcue you from your worft 
enemies ? Were I a King, pardon the fupposall, I 
would hang that Subject by the head, that would not 
take me by the heels, and dragge mee to my Court, 
when hee fees me fhifting for life in the ruined Coun- 
trey, if nothing elfe would doe it; And I would ho- 
nour their very heels, that would take me by the very 
head, and teach me, by all juft meanes, to i^ing it bet- 
ter, when they faw me un-Kinging my felfe, and 
Kingdome: Doe you not know Sir, that, as when 
your people are ficke of the Kings-evill, God hath 
given you a gift to heale them ? fo when your felfe 
are ficke of it, God hath given the Parliament a gift 
to heale you: Hath your Subjects love been fo great 
to you, that you will fpend it all, and leave your chil- 
dren little or none ? Are you fo exafperated againft 

wife 



Aggavvam in dmerica. 57 



wife Scotland, that you will make E7igland your foole 
or foot-ftoole ? Is your fathers fonne growne more 
Orthodox, then his moft Orthodox father, when he 
told his fonne, that a King was for a kingdome, and 
not a kingdome for a King ? parallell to that of the 
Apoftle; the husband is but by the wife, but the wife 
of the husband. 

Is Majestas Imperij growne fo kickifh, that it can- 
not ftand quiet with Salus Populi, unleffe it be fette- 
red ? Are you well advifed, in trampling your Sub- 
jects fo under your feet, that they can finde no place 
to be fafe in, but over your head : Are you so inexo- 
rably offended with your Parliament, for fuffering 
you to returne as you did, when you came into their 
houfe as you did, that you will jbe avenged on all 
whom they reprefent? Will you follow your very 
worft Councell fo far, as to provoke your very beft, 
to take better counfell than ever they did ? If your 
Majefty be not Popifh as you profeffe, and I am very 
willing to beleeve, why doe you put the Parliament 
to refume the facrament of the Alter in faying, the 
King and Parhament, the King and Parhament? 
breaking your fimple Subjects braines to underftand 
fuch myfticall Parlee-ment ? I queftion much, whe- 
ther they were not better fpeake plainer Englifh, then 
fuch Latine as the Angels can hardly conftrue, and 
God happily loves not to perfe; I can as well admit 
an ubiquitary Xing as another, if a King be abroad 
in any good affaire ; but if a King be at home, and will 
circumfcribe himfelfe at Oxford, and profcribe or dif- 
fcribe his Parliament at Weftminfter, if that Parliament 
will prefcribe what they ought, without fuch para- 

doxing, 



58 The Simple ColUr of 



doxing, I fhould think God would fiiblcribe a Le 
Dieu le veult readily enough. 

Is your Advifera fuch a Suavamen to you, that 
hath been fuch a Gravamen to Religion and Peace ? 
Shall the cheife bearing wombe of your i^ingdome, be 
ever fo conftituted, that it cannot be delivered of its 
owne deliverance, in what pangs foever it be, without 
the will of one man-midwife, and fuch a man as will 
come and not come, but as he lift: nor bring a Par- 
liament to bed of a well-begotten Liberty without an 
entire Subfidy ? Doe not your Majefty being a 
Schollar, know that it was a truth long before it 
was fpoken, that Mundus eft unus aut nullus, that 
there is Principium puruvi unum, which unites the 
world and all that is in it; where that is broken, things 
fall afunder, that whatfoever is duable or triable, is 
fry able. 

Is the Militia of your Kingdome, fuch an orient 
flower of your Crowne, which all good Herbalifts 
judge but a meere nettle, while it is in any one mans 
hand living ? May not you as well challenge the ab- 
folute difpofall of all the wealth of the Kingdome 
as of all the ftrength of your Kingdome ? Can you 
put any difference ? unleffe it bee this, that mens 
hearts and bones are within their skins, more proper 
and intrinfecall, their lands and cattell more externall: 
dare you not concredit the Militia, with thofe to 
whom you may betruft your heart, better then your 
owne breaft ? Will they ever harme you with the 
Militia, that have no manner of Malitia againft you, 
but for mif-imploying the Militia againft them by the 
malitia of your ill Counfellours ? What good will 

the 



Aggavvam ia dmcrica. 59 



the Militia doe you when you have wafted the Realm 
of all the beft Milites it hath ? May not your Majefty 
fee through a paire of Spectacles, glazed with inch- 
board, that while you have your Advi/era in one 
hand, and the Militia in the other, you have the necks 
of your Subjects under your feet, but not your heart 
in your owne hand ? doe you not knowe that malum 
eft, po/fe malum? 

Hath Epifcopacy beene fuch a religious Jewell in 
your State; that you will fell all or moft of your Co- 
ronets, Caps of honour, and blue Garters, for fix and 
twenty cloth Caps? and your Barons Cloakes, for 
fo many Rockets, whereof ufually twenty have had 
fcarce good manners enough to keepe the other fix 
fweet? Is no Bifhop no King, fuch an oraculous 
Truth, that you will pawne your Crowne and life up- 
on it ? if you will, God may make it true indeed on 
your part: Had you rather part with all, then lofe a 
few fuperfluous tumours, to pare off your monftrouf- 
neffe ? Will you be fo covetous, as to get more then 
you ought, by loofing more then you need ? Have you 
px)t driven good Subjects enough abroad, but you wil 
alfo flaughter them that ftay at home ? Will you take 
fuch an ill courfe, that no prayers can faften that good 
upon you we defier ? Is there not fome worf root than 
all thefe growing in your Spirit, bringing forth al this 
bitter fruit ? Againft which you fhould take up Arms, 
rather then againft your harmeleffe Subjects? Doe 
you not forefee, into" what importable head-tearings 
and heart-fearchings you will be ingulfed, when the 
ParHament fhall give you a mate, though but a 

Stale ? 

I Methinkes 



60 The Simple Cobler of 



Methinkes it fhould breake your heart, to fee fuch a 
one as I, prefume fo much upon your clemency & too 
much upon your Majefty, which your felfe have fo 
echpfed by the interpofall of your Selfe between your 
Selfe and your Selfe, that it hath not ray's enough 
left, to dazle downe the height of my affections to the 
awe of my Judgement. 

Tref-Royall Sir, I once againe befeech you, with 
teares dropping from my hoary head, to cover your 
Selfe as clofe as you may, with the beft fhield of 
goodnelTe you have: I have fomewhat more to fay, 
which may happily trouble not your Selfe, but your 
followers, more than what is already faid. There li- 
ved in your Realme and Reigne two whom I may 
well tearme Prophets, both now in a better Xing- 
dome; whereof one foretold two things concerning 
your Majefty, of thefe very proceedings, long before 
they began; which being done and paft fhall bee bu- 
ried in filence: the other made this prediction about 
the fame time. 






^King Charles will joyne himself e to hitter Grief e^ 4 
l^q^Then joyne to God, and prove a Godly Chiefe. ?f^] 

His words were in profe thefe, Xing Charles will come 
into fetters, meaning ftrong afflictions, and then prove 
as good a Xing, as fuch a good Xing of I/rael, whom 
he then named, but I need not : he was as inwardly ac- 
quainted with the minde of God, as fervent and fre- 
quent a Beadfman for your welfare, and had as reli- 
gious Opticks of State, as any man I know: foure 
other Predictions he made, full as improbable as this, 

whereof 



Aggavvam m dmerica, 6i 



whereof three are punctually performed, A good 
Chriftian being fometime in conflicts of Confcience, 
hurried with long tentations, ufed this fpeech to my 
felfe, I am now refolved to be quiet, for I plainly fee, 
God will fave me whether I will or no: If your Ma- 
jefty would be pleafed to thinke fo in your heart, and 
fay fo with your mouth, all the good Subjects you 
have, would fay, Amen, till the heavens rang, and I 
hope you have few fo bad, but would fay. So he it. 

Much lamented Sir, if you will pleafe to retire your 
Selfe to your Clofet, whither you may moft fafely 
come, and make your peace with God, for the vaft he- 
ritage of finne your Intombed father left upon your 
fcore, the dreadfull Imprecation he poured upon the 
heads of his tender pofterity in Suvimerfets and Over- 
huryes Cafe, publifhed in Starchamber by his Royall 
command ; your own finful manage, the fophiftication 
of Religion and Policie in your time, the luxury of 
your Court and Country, your connivence with the 
Irifh butcheries, your forgetfull breaches upon the 
Parliament, your compliance with Popifh Doegs, 
with what elfe your Confcience fhall fuggeft: and 
give us, your guilty Subjects example to doe the like, 
who have held pace and proportion with you in our 
evill wayes: we will helpe you by Gods affiftance, 
to poure out rivers of tears, to w^afh away the ftreams 
of blood, which have beene fhed for thefe heavy ac- 
counts; wee will alfo helpe you, God helping us, to 
beleeve, that there is hope in Ifrael for thefe things; 
and Balme enough in his Gilead to heale all the bro- 
ken bones of your three kingdomes, and to redouble 
your honour and our peace: His Arme is infinite; to 

12 an 



62 The Simple Cohler of 

an infinite power all things are equally faifible, to an 
infinite mercy all finnes equally pardonable. The 
Lord worke thefe things in us and for us, for his com- 
paffions fake in Jefus Chirft. 

Sir, you may now pleafe to difcover your Selfe 
where you think meet; I truft I have not indangered 
you: I prefume your Ear-guard will keepfarre enough 
from you, what ever I have faid: be it fo, I have dif- 
charged my duty, let them looke to theirs. If my 
tongue fhould reach your eares, which I little hope 
for; let it be once faid; the great King of great Bri- 
taine, took advife of a fimple Cobler, yet fuch a Cob- 
ler, as will not exchange either his blood or his pride, 
with any Shoo-maker or Tanner in your Realme, nor 
with any of your late Bifhops which have flattered 
you thus in peeces : I would not fpeak thus in the eares 
of the world, through the mouth of the Preffe for all 
the plunder your plunderers have pillaged; were it 
not fomewhat to abate your Royall indignation to- 
ward a loyall Subject; a Subject whofe heart hath 
been long carbonado 'd, des veniam verbo, in flames of 
affection towards you. Your Majefty knowes or may 
know, time was, when I did, or would have done 
you a better peece of fervice, then all your Troopes 
and Regiments are now doing. Should I heare any 
Gentleman that followes you, of my yeares, fay he'e 
loves you better than I, if it were lawfull, I would 
fweare by my Sword, he faid more then his fword 
would make good. 

Gracious Sir, Vouch fafe to pardon me my no other 
fins, but my long Idolatry towards you, and my lo- 
ving you too hard in this fpeech, and I will pardon 

you 



Aggavvam ia Jmerica. 63 



you your Treafon againft me, even me, by commit- J H^eakein^^ 
ting Treafon againft your Selfe my Lord and King; vinitynotof 
and your murther, in murtherino; me, even me, byi-awandam 
murthering my deare fellow Subjects, bone of my vedthatiam 
bone, and flefh of my flefli, and of yours alfo. If you [I'J'^^JjJ*^ ^JJ^'^^ 
will not pardon me, I will pardon my felfe, dwell inboldneffe. 
my owne clothes as long as I can, and happily make 
as good a fhift for my proportion, as he that hath a 
lighter paire of heeles: And when you have done 
what you pleafe, I am refolved to be 

As loyall a Subject to your Maje/ty when I 
have never a head on my fhoulders, as 
you a Royall King to me, when you have 
your three Crownes on your head, 

Theod: de la Guard: 

Sir, 

I Cannot give you over thus; I moft earneftly im- 
plore you, that you would not deferre to confider 
your felfe throughly, you are now returned to the 
brinke of your Honour and our Peace, ftand not too 
long there, your State is full of diftractions, your 
people of expectations, the importune Affaires of 
your Kingdome perplexedly fufpended, your good 
Subjects are now rifing into a refolution to pray you 
on to your Throne, or into your Tombe, into Grace 
with your Parliament and people, or into Glory with 
the Saints in Heaven; but how you will get into the 
one, without paffing firft through th 'other, is the rid- 
dle they cannot untye. If they fhall ply the Throne 

of 



64 Th^ Simple Cohler of 



of Grace hard, God will certainely lieare, and in a 
fhort time mould you to his minde, and convince you, 
that it had and will bee farre eafier to fit downe 
meekely upon the Rectum, than to wander refolutely 
in obliquities, which with Kings, feldome faile to 
diffembogue into bottomleffe Seas of forrowes. 

Deareft Sir, be intreated to doe what you doe fin- 
cere ly; the King of Heaven and Earth can fearch and 
difcover the hiddeneft corner of your heart, your Par- 
liament underftands you farre better then you may 
conceive, they have many cares and eyes, and good 
ones, I beleeve they are Religioufly determined to 
re-cement you to your Body fo exquifitely, that the 
Errors of State and Church, routed by thefe late ftirs, 
may not re-allee hereafter, nor Themfelves be made a 
curfe to the iffue of their own bodies, nor a Scoffe, to 
all^Politique Bodies in Europe. The Eord give your 
Majefty and all your Royall Branches the fpirit of 
wifedome and under/tan dirig, the Spirit of knowledge 
and his feare, for His mercy and Chrift his fake. 

I would my skill would ferve me alfo, as well as 
my heart, to tranflate Prince Rupert, for his Queen- 
mothers fake, Eliz. a fecond. Mifmeane me not. I 
have had him in my armes when he was younger, I 
wifh I had him there now: if I miftake not, he pro- 
mifed then to be a good Prince, but I doubt he hath 
forgot it: if I thought he would not be angry with 
me, I would pray hard to his Maker, to make him a 
right Roundhead, a wife hearted Palatine, a thank- 
full man to the Englifh; to forgive all his finnes, and 
at length to fave his foule, notwithftanding all his 
God-damne mee's: yet I may doe him wrong; I am 

not 



Aggavvam in dmertca. 65 



not certaine hee ufeth that oath; I wifh no man elfe 
would; I dare fay the Devills dare not. I thank God 
I have Hved in a Colony of many thoufand Englifh 
thefe twelve years, am held a very fociable man; 
yet I may confiderately fay, I never heard but one 
Oath fworne, nor never faw one man drunk, nor e- 
ver heard of three women Adultereffes, in all this 
time, that I can call to minde : If thefe finnes bee a- 
mongft us privily, the Lord heale us. I would not bee 
underftood to boaft of our innocency; there is no 
cause I fhould,our hearts maybe bad enough, and our 
lives much better. But to follow my bufineffe. 

Profecutions of Warres between a King and his 
Parliament, are the direfull dilacerations of the world, 
the cruell Cataftrophes of States, dreadfull to fpeak 
oi\ihey are nefanda &n 'agenda: I know no grounds 
can be given of them but two: Either upon Reafon 
founded upon fome furmifall of Treafon, which my 
reafon cannot reach: I could never conceive why a 
rationall King fhould commit Treafon againft a rea- 
fonable Parliament; or how a faithfull Parliament a- 
gainft their lawfull King: the moft I can imagine, is 
a mifprifion of Treafon, upon a mifprifion of Reafon. 
He that knows not the fpirit of his King, is an Atheift. 
Our King is not Charles le fimple fometime of France: 
he underftands not our King that underftands him not 
to bee underftanding. The Parhament is fuppofed 
Omnifcient, becaufe under God they are Omnipo- 
tent : if a Parliament have not as much knowledge and 
all other Vertues, as all the kingdome befide, they are 
no good Abridgement of the Common-wealth. I be- 
leeve Remonftrances have demonftrated enough con- 

cer- 



66 The Simple Cohler of 



cerning this point of Reafon, to give fatisf action to 
fuch as fatisf action will fatisfie. 

Or upon Will. 

The Will of a King is very numinous; it hath a 
kinde of vaft univerfality in it, it is many times grea- 
ter then the will of his whole kingdome, ftiffened 
with ill Counfell and ill Prefidents : if it be not a foot 
and half leffer than the Will of his Councell, and 
three foot leffer than the Will of his Parliament, it is 
too big. I think it were well for a King if hee had no 
will at all, but were all Reafon. What if he commit- 
ted his morall will to Divines, that were no Bifhops ? 
his Politicall, to his Parliament, and a Councell cho- 
fen by Parliament ? that if ever it mifcarry, they may 
blame themfelves moft, and him leaft. I fcarce know- 
any Xing'^that hath fuch advantage as ours; his three 
kingdomes lye fo diftinct and entire, that if he pleafe, 
he might keep them like three gardens without a weed, 
if he would let God keep his will, without wilfulneffe 
and rafhneffe. 

I have obferved men to have two kindes of Wills, 
a Free-hold will, fuch as men hold in Capite of them- 
felves; or a Copy-hold will, held at the will of other 
Lords or Ladies. I have read almoft all the Com- 
mon Law of England, and fome Statutes; yet I ne- 
ver read, that the Parliament held their will in fuch 
a Capite: their Tenure is Knight-fervice, and good 
Knig fit- fer vice too, or elfe they are to blame. And 
I am fure, a King cannot hold by Copy, at the will of 
other Lords; the Law calls that hafe tenure, incon- 
fiftent with Royalty; much more bafe is it, to hold 

at 



Aggavvam ia Jmerica. 67 



at the will of Ladies: Apron-ftring te7iure is very 
weak, tyed but of a flipping knot, which a childe may 
undoe, much more a i^^ing. It ftands not with our 
Queens honour to weare an Apron, much leffe her 
Husband, in the ftrings; that were to infnare both 
him and her felf in many unfafeties. I never heard our 
Xing was effeminate: to be a little Uxorious per- 
fonally, is a vertuous vice in Oeconomicks; but Roy- 
ally, a vitious vertue in Politicks. To fpeak Englifh, 
Books & Tongues tell us, I wifh they tell us true, that 
the Error of thefe Wars on our Kings part, proceeds 
only from ill Counfellours. 

Ill Counfellours, are very ill Gamefters; if they fee 
their own ftake a lofing, they will play away Xing, 
Queen, Bifhops, Xnights, Rooks, Pawnes, and all, be- 
fore they will turn up the board; they that play for 
lufts, will play away themfelves, and not leave them- 
felves fo much as a heart to repent; and then there is 
no Market left but Hell; if the cafe be thus, it is to no 
end to look for any end, till one fide make an end of 
the other. 

They that at ftake their Croumes and Honours Jet, 
Play la/ting games, if Lujt or Guilt doe bet. 

Ceffation. 

IF God would vouchfafe to give his Majefties Re- 
ligion and Reafon, power to fling his Wills head o- 
ver the Wall, in matter of Compofition, and his Sub- 
jects ftrength to throw^ their lufts after it. Arms would 
be foon laid down, and Peace foon taken up. They 
that are not at peace with God, are not at peace with 

K them- 



68 The Simple Cobler of 



themfelves, whatever they think; and they that are not 
at peace with themfelves, cannot be at peace with o- 
thers, if occafion provokes, be their nature never fo 
good. 

So farre as I can conjecture, the chiefe impediment 
to a generall and mutuall Ceffation of Armes, is, a de- 
fpaire of mutuall and generall forgiveneffe. If ever 
England had need of a generall Jubile in Heaven and 
Earth, it is now. Our King and Parliament have been 
at great ftrife, who fhould obtaine moft Juftice: if 
they would now ftrive, who fhould fhew moft Mer- 
cy, it would heare well throughout the world. Here 
alfo my fpeech muft be twofold and blind-fold. It is 
now nine Moneths and more fince the laft credible 
New^s was acted: it is poffible by this, the Parlia- 
ment may be at the Kings mercy: Did I fay a /iTings 
mercy ? what can I fay more ? no man on earth, can 
fhew more mercy then a King, nor fhall need more, 
when he comes to give an Account of his Kingdome: 
Nor did ever any Parliament merit more mercy than 
this, for they never finned, that I know, I mean againft 
the Common and Statute Law of England: it is pity 
they who have given fo many general pardons, fhould 
want one now. 

If our King hath loft his way, and therby learned to 
looke to his path better hereafter, and taught many 
Succeffors to King it right for many Ages; Methinks 
it fhould impetrate a Royall Redintegration, upon a 
Royall acknowledgement and ingagement. But how 
fhould an erring King truft a provoked Parliament ? 
Surely he may truft God fafe enough ; who will never 
truft that State more with a good King, that will doe 
ill to a Xing that is turned fo good. Me thinkes thofe 

paffages 



Aggavvam ia Jmerica. 69 



paffages of Scripture, Efa. 43. 24, 25. chap. 57. 17, 18. 
The ftrange illation, if o/. 2. 13,14. fhould melt a heart 
of fteele into floods of mercy. 

For others, were my head, one of the heads which 
firft gave the King Counfell to take up thefe Armes, 
or to perfift in them, when at any time he would have 
disbanded, I would give that head to the Kingdome, 
whether they would or no; if they would not cut it 
off, I would cut it off my felfe, and tender it at the Par- 
liament doore, upon condition that all other heads 
might ftand, which ftand upon penitent hearts, and 
will doe better on than off; then I would carry it to 
London-Bridge, and charge my tongue to teach all 
tongues, to pronounce Parliament right hereafter. 

When a kingdom is broken juft in the neck joynt, in 
my poore policy, ropes and hatchets are not the kind- 
lieft inftruments to fet it: Next to the fpilling of the 
blood of Chrift for fin, the fparing of the blood of Tin- 
ners, where it may be as well fpared as fpilt, is the beft 
way of expiation. It is no rare thing for Subjects to 
follow a leading King; if he will take his truncheon 
in his hand, it is to be expected many will put their 
f words in their Belts. Sins that rife out of miftake of 
judgement, are not fo finfull as thofe of malice ordi- 
narily: and when multitudes fin, multitudes of mercy 
are the beft Anodines. 

--gratia gratis data, grati/sima. 

Grace will diffolve, but rigour hardens guilt: 
Break not with Steely blows, what oyle fhould melt. 

K ^ In 



70 The Simple Cobkr of 



InWreaches integrant, 'tween Principalis of States, 
Due Juftice may fuppreffe, but Love redintegrates. 

Whofoever be pardoned, I pray let not Britanicus 
fcape, I mean a pardon. I take him to bee a very fer- 
viceable Gentleman; Out of my intire refpect to 
him, I fliall prefume to give him half a dozen ftitches 
of advife: 

I intreat him to confider that our King is not onely 
a man, but a King in affliction; Kings afflictions are 
beyond Subjects apprehenf ions ; a Crown may hap- 
pily ake as much as a whole Common- wealth. 

I defire him alfo to conceale himfelf as deeply as he 
can, if he cannot get a fpeciall pardon, to weare a La- 
titat, about his neck, or let him lie clofe under the Phi- 
lofophers ftone, and I'le warrant him for ever being 
found. 

If he be dif cove red, I counfell him to get his head 
fet on f after than our New-England Taylors ufe to fet 
on Buttons; Kings, and Kings Childrens memories 
are as keen as their Subjects wits. 

If he fears any fuch thing, that he would come over 
to us, to helpe recruite our bewildered brains : we will 
promife to maintain him fo long as he lives, if he will 
promife to live no longer then we maintain him. 

If he fhould bee difcovered and his head chance to 
be cut off againft his will, I earneftly befeech him to 
bequeath his wits to me and mine in Fee-fimple, for 
we want them, and cannot live by our hands in this 
Country. 

Ivaftly, I intreat him to keep his purfe, I give him 

my 



Aggavvam ia America. 71 



my counfell gratis, conf effing him to be more then 
my match, and that I am very loath to fall into his 
hands. 

Pro/ecution. 

IF Reformation, Compofition, Ceffation, can finde 
no admittance, there muft and will be Profecution : 
to which I would alfo fpeake briefly and indifferently 
ftill to both fides ; and firft to that, which I had rather 
call Royalifts then malignants; who if I miftake not, 
fight againft the Truth. 

Foolifh Cowardly man (I pray patience, for I 
fpeak nothing but the pulfe of my owne heart) dreads 
and hates, nothing in Heaven or Earth, fo much as 
Truth: it is not God, nor Law, nor finne, nor death, 
nor hell, that he feares, but only becaufe hee feares 
there is Truth in them: Could he de-truth them all, 
he would defie them all: Let Perdition it felfe come 
upon him with deadly threats, fiery fwords, difplay- 
ed vengeance, he cares not; Let Salvation come cap 
in hand, with naked Reafon, harmleffe Religion, 
lawny imbracements, he will rather flye or dye, than 
entertaine it: come Truth in what fhape it will, hee 
will reject it: and when hee can beat it off with moft 
fteely proweffe, he thinkes himfeffe the braveft man 
when in truth it is nothing but exfanguine feeble exili- 
ty of Spirit. Thy heart, faith the Prophet Ezek. 16. 
30. is weake, like the heart of an imperious whorifh 
woman: a man would thinke, the heart of an impe- 
rious whore, were the very pummell of Scanderbergs; 
fword; alas, fhee is hen-hearted, fhee dares not looke 
Truth in the face ; if fhe dared, fhee would neither bee 

K 3 who- 



72 71>f Simple Cohler of 



whorifh, nor imperious, nor weake. He fhewes more 
true fortitude, that prayes quarter of the leaft Truth, at 
a miles diftance, than hee that breakes through and 
hewes downe the moft Theban Phalanx that ever 
field bore. Paul expreffed more true valour, in faying, 
I'^can doe nothing againft the Truth,|than Goliah, in 
defying the whole hofte of Ijrael. 

Couragious Gentlemen, Yee that will ftab him 
that gives you the lye; take heed yee fpend not your 
bloods, limbes and foules, in fighting for fome un- 
truth: and yee that will fling out the gantlet to him 
that calls you Coward, difhonour not your felves 
with fuch Cowardife, as to fight againft Truth, meer- 
ly for feare of it. A thoufand pities it is fuch gallant 
Spirits fhould fpend their lives, honours, heritages, 
and fweet relations in any Warres, where, for ought 
many of them know, fome falfe miftake commands 
in Cheife. 

Honoured Country men, bee intreated to love 
Truth : if it loves not you againe, and repaires not all 
your loffes, then inftall fome Untruth in its room for 
your Generall. If you will needs warre, be perfwa- 
ded to contend lawfully, wifely and ftedfaftly againft 
all errours in Divinity and Policy: they are the cur- 
fed Counter-mures, dropt Portcullifes, fcouring 
Angi-ports, fulphurious Granado's, laden murthe- 
rers, peevifh Galthropes, and rafcall defparadoes, 
which the Prince of lyes imployes with all his skill 
and malice, to maintaine the walls and gates of his 
kingdome, when Truth would enter in with grace and 
peace to fave forlorne finners, and diftreffed common- 
wealthes; witneffe the prefent deplorable eftate of 
fundry States in Europe. Give 



Aggavvam m Jmerica. 73 



Give me leave to fpeake a word more: it is but 
this; Yee will finde it a farre eafier field, to wage 
warre againft all the Armies that ever were or will be 
on Earth, and all the Angels of Heaven, than to take 
up Armes againft any truth of God: It hath more 
Counfell and ftrength than all the world befides; and 
will certainly either gaine or ruine, convert or fubvert 
every man that oppofes it. I hope ingenuous men 
will rather take advice, then offence at what I have 
faid: I had rather pleafe ten, than grieve one intelli- 
gent man. 

If this fide be refolute, I turne me to the other. 

Goe on brave Englifhmen, in the name of God, go 
on profperoufly, becaufe of Truth and Righteoufnes : 
Yee that have the caufe of Religion, the life of your 
Kingdome and of all the good that is in it in your 
hands : Goe on undauntedly : As you are Called and 
Chofen, fo be faithfull: Yee fight the battells of the 
Lord, bee neither defidious nor perfidious: You ferve 
the King of Kings, who ftiles you his heavenly Re- 
giments, Confider well, what impregnable fighting 
it is in heaven, where the Lord of Hofts is your Ge- 
nerall, his Angels your Colonels, the Stars your fel- 
low-fouldiers, his Saints your Oratours, his Promifes 
your victuallers, his Truth your Trenches; where 
Drums are Harps, Trumpets joyfull founds; your 
Enfignes Chrifts Banners; where your weapons and 
armour are fpirituall, therefore irrefiftable, therefore 
impierceable ; where Sun and wind cannot difadvan- 
tage you, you are above them ; where hell it felfe can- 
not 



74 Th^ Simple Cobler of 

not hurt you, where your fwords are furbufhed and 
i happened by him that made their metall, where your 
wounds are bound up with the oyle of a good Caufe, 
where your blood runs into the veynes of Chrift, 
where fudden death is prefent martyrdome and hfe; 
your funerals refurrections your honour glory; where 
your widows and babes are received into perpetuall 
penfions; your names lifted among Davids Worthies; 
where your greatest loffes are greateft gaines; and 
where you leave the troubles of war, to lye down in 
downy beds of eternall reft. 

What good will it doe you, deare Countrymen, to 
live without hves, to enjoy England without the God 
of England, your Kingdome without a Parhament, 
your Parliament without power, your Liberties with- 
out ftability, your I.awes without Juftice, your ho- 
nours without vertue, your beings without wel-being, 
your wives without honefty, your children without 
morality, your fervants without civility, your lands 
without propriety, your goods without immunity, the 
Gofpel without falvation, your Churches without 
Miniftery, your Minifters without pietv, and all you 
have or can have, with more teares and bitterneffe of 
heart, than all you have and fhall have will fweeten 
or wipe away ? 

Goe on therefore Renowned Gentlemen, fall on 
refolvedly, till your hands cleave to your fwords, your 
fwords to your enemies hearts, your hearts to victory, 
your victories to triumph, your triumphs to the ever- 
lafting praife of him that hath given you Spirits to 
offer your felves willingly, and to jeopard your lives 
in high perils, for his Name and fervice fake. 

And 



Aggavvam in Jmsrica. 75 



And Wee your Brethren, though we neceffarily a- 
bide beyond Jordan, and remaine on the American 
Sea-coafts, will fend up Armies of prayers to the 
Throne of Grace, that the God of power and good- 
neffe, would incourage your hearts, cover your heads, 
ftrengthen your arms, pardon your finnes, fave your 
foules, and bleffe your families, in the day of Battell. 
Wee will alfo pray, that the fame Lord of Hofts, 
would difcover the Counfels, defeat the Enterprizes, 
deride the hopes, difdaine the infolencies, and wound 
the hairy fcalpes of your obftinate Enemies, and yet 
pardon all that are unwillingly mifled. Wee will 
likewife helpe you beleeve that God will be feen on 
the Mount, that it is all one with him to fave by ma- 
ny or few, and that he doth but humble and try you 
for the prefent, that he may doe you good at the lat- 
ter end. All which hee bring to paffe who is able to 
doe exceeding abundantly, above all we can aske or 
thinke, for his Truth and mercy fake in Jefus Chrift. 
Amen. Amen. 



A Word of IRELAND: 

Not of the Nation univerfally, nor of any man in 

it, that hath fo much as mie haire of Chri/tianity or 

Humanity growing on his head or beard, but 

onely of the truculent Cut-throats, and 

fuch as /hall take up Armes 

in their Defence. 

THefe Irifh anciently called Antropophagi, man- 
eaters: Have a Tradition among them. That 

L when 



76 TT^e Simple Cobler of 



when the Devill fhewed our Saviour all the /^ing- 
domes of the Earth and their glory, that he would 
not f hew him Ireland, but referved it for himfelfe : it 
is probably true, for he hath kept it ever finee for 
his own peculiar; the old Fox forefaw it would ec- 
clipfe the glory of all the reft : he thought it wifdome 
to keep the land for a Boggards for his unclean fpirits 
imployed in this Hemifphere, and the people, to doe 
his Son and Heire, I mean the Pope, that fervice for 
which Lewis the eleventh kept his Barbor Oliver, 
which makes them fo blood-thirfty. They are the ve- 
ry Offall of men, Dregges of Mankind, Reproach of 
Chriftendom, the Bots that crawle on the Beafts taile 
I wonder Rome it felf is not afhamed of them. 

I begge upon my, hands and knees, that the Ex- 
pedition againft them may be undertaken while the 
hearts and hands of our Souldiery are hot, to whom 
I will be bold to fay briefly: Happy is he that fhall 
reward them as they have ferved us, and Curfed be he 
that fhall do that work of the Lord negligently, Cur- 
led be he that holdeth back his Sword from blood: 
yea, Curfed be he that maketh not his Sword ftarke 
drunk with Irifh blood, that doth not recompence 
them double for their hellifh treachery to the Engli/h, 
that maketh them not heaps upon heaps, and their 
Country a dwelling place for Dragons, an Aftonifh- 
ment to Nations : Let not that eye look for pity, nor 
that hand to be fpared, that pities or fpares them, and 
let him be accurfed, that curfeth not them bitterly. 



Aggavvam in America. 77 



A word of Love to the Common people 
of England, 

IT is, your, now or never, to mufter up puiffant Ar- 
mies of prayer to the mercy Seate; your Body Re- 
prefentative, is now to take in hand, as intricate a 
peice of worke, as ever fell into the hands of any Par- 
liament in the world, to tye an indiffoluble knot upon 
that webb which hath been woven with fo much coft 
and bloud, wherein if they happen to make one falfe 
maske, it may re-imbarque themfelves and you all 
into a deadly relapfe of fcorne and calamity. It is the 
worke of God not of man, pray fpeedily therefore, 
and fpeedingly, give him no reft till your reft be 
throughly re-eftablifhed. Your God is a God whofe 
name is All-fufficient, abundant in Goodneffe and 
Truth, on whom the Sonnes of lacob never did, nor 
fhall call in vaine, you have a Throne of Grace wlier- 
to you may goe boldly; a Chrift to give you a leading 
by the hand and liberty of fpeech, an Interceffor in 
Heaven to offer up your prayers wrapp'd in his 
own; a large Charter aske and have, a Spirit to helpe 
all your infirmities in that duty, a lure Covenant 
that you fhalbe heard, and fuch late incouragement as 
may ftrengthen your feeble hands for ever. If you 
who may command God concerning the work of his hand, 
fhall faile to demand the workemanfhip of his hand 
in this worke, your children will proclaime you un- 

L 2 thrifts 



78 The Simple Cobler of 



thrifts with bitter teares to the worlds end. 
If you fee no caufe to pray, read 
Jer. 18. 1. -—10. 

Be alfo intreated to have a continuall and con- 
fcientious care not to impeach the Parhament 
in the hearts one of another by whifpering com- 
plaints, eafilier told then tryed or trued. Great 
bodyes move but flowely, efpecially when they 
move on three leggs and are over-loden with weighty 
occafions. They have now fate full fix years without 
intermiffion to continue your being, many of their 
heads are growne gray with your cares, they are the 
High Councell of the Xingdome, the great Gilead of 
your Balme, the Phifitians of all your fickneffe; if a- 
ny of them doe amiffe, blame your felves, you chofe 
them, be wifer hereafter; you cannot doe the State, 
your felves, your pofterity a more ungratefull office 
then to impaire them with difparagements and difco- 
ragements who are fo ftudious to repaire your al- 
moft irreparable ruines. 

Be likewife be feeched, not to flight good minift- 
ers, whom you were wont to reverence much, they 
are Gods Embaffadours, your Ephods, your Starres, 
your Horfe-men & Chariots, your Watchmen, & un- 
der Chrift your Salvation, I know no deadlier Sym- 
ptome of a dying people than to undervalue godly 
Minifters, whofoever defpifeth them fhall certainly 
be defpifed of God and men at one time or other. 



Aggavvam in America. 



79 



ftf#ftftfffffft#ftt 

A mod humble heel-piece. 
TO THE 

Moft Honourable Head-piece 

THE 

Parliament of England. 

I Might excufe my felfe in Part, with a fpeech 
Lycurgus ufed in the Hke exigent of State, jene- 
ctute fio audacior, publica neceffitate loquacior, but it 
much better becomes mee with all lowlinelTe and 
uprightneffe, wherein I have failed to pray pardon 
on both my knees, which I moft humbly and wil- 
lingly doe; only, before I rife, I crave leave to pre- 
fent this fix-fold Petition. 

That you would be pleafed 

To preferve the Sacred reputation of Parliaments, 
or, wee fhall have no Common-wealth. 

To uphold the due eftimation of good Minifters, 
elfe, wee fhall have no Church. 

To heale the fad dif location of our Head, through- 
ly, prefectly, or, wee fhall have no King. 

To 



80 The Simple Cohler of 



To oppugne the bold violation of divine Truths, 
elfe wee fhall have no God. 

To proceed with what zeale you began, or what 
you began can come to little end. 

To expedite worke with what fpeede you fafely 
may, elfe ignorant people will feare they fhall 
have no end at all. 



Hee that is great in Counfell, and Wonderfull in 
Working, guide and lielpe you in All things, that 
doing All things in Him, by Him, and for Him, 
you may doe All things like Him. 

So be it. 



Agcawam in America 8j^ 



Arefpe<ftivc word to the Miniftcrs 
of ENGLAND. 



FARRE bee it from mee, while I dehort others 
to flight you my felfe, or to defpife any man 
but my felfe, whom I can never defpife enough: 
I rather humbly intreate you to forgive my bold- 
neffe, who have moft juft caufe to judge my felfe 
leffe and leffe faithfull than the leaft of you all, yet 
I dare not but bee fo faithfull to you and my felfe, 
as to fay 

They are the Minifters of England, that have loft 
the Land; for Chrifts fake, put on His bowels, His 
wiidome. His zeale, and recover it. 



pray 



82 The Simple Cohler of 



I pray let me drive in half a dozen 
plaine honest Country Hobnails, such as 
the Martyrs were wont to weare; to 
make my work hold the surer; and 1 
have done. 

1. ^ I ^Here, lives cannot be good, 

_L There, Faith cannot be Jure, 
Where Truth cannot be quiet. 
Nor Ordinances pure. 

2. No King can King it right. 

Nor rightly ftvay his Rod; 
Who truely loves not Chrift, 
And truely fears not God. 

3. He cannot rule a Land, 

As Lands fhould ruled been. 
That lets him/elf be rul 'd 
By a ruli7ig Romane Queen. 

4. No earthly man can be 

True Subject to this State; 
Who makes the Pope his Chrift, 
An Heretique his Mate. 

5. There Peace will goe to War, 

And Silence make a noife: 
Where upper things will not 
With nether equipoyfe. 

6. The 



Aggavvam in Jmerica, 8S 



6. The upper world jhall Rule^ 

While Stars will run their race: 
The nether world obey, 

While people keep their place. 

The Clench. 

IF any of the/e come out 
So long '5 the world doe laft: 
Then credit not a word 
Of what is jaid and paft. 



M ERRATA 



84 Th^ Simple Cobler of 



ERRATA 

AT NON 

CORRIGENDA. 

NOW I come to rubbe over ray work, I fiiide five 
or fix things like faults, which would be mended 
or commended, I know not well which, nor greatly 
care. 

1 . For Levity, i-ead, Lepidity, and that a ve- 
ry little, and that very neceffary, if not unavoydable. 

Mifce ftultitiam Conjiliis brevem 
— Dulce eft defipere in loco. Horat. 

To fpeak to light heads with heavy words, were to 
break their necks: to cloathe Summer matter, with 
Winter Rugge, would make the Reader fweat. It is 
mufick to me, to hear every Dity fpeak its fpirit in its 
apt tune : every breaft, to fing its proper part, and eve- 
ry creature, to expreffe itfelf in its naturallnote: fhould 
I lieare a Moufe roare like a Beare, a Cat lowgh like 
an Oxe, or a Horfe whiftle like a Red-breaft, it would 
fcare — mee. 

The world'' s a well jtruiig fidle, mans tongue the quill. 
That fills the world with jumble for want of skill. 

When things and words in tune a7id tone doe meet. 
The univerjall Jong goes fmooth and fweet. 

2. For 



Aggavvam in dmerica. 85 



2. For audacity, read, veracity, or Verum Gallice 
non libenter audis. Mart. Flattery never doth well, but 
when it is whifpered through a paire of lifping teeth; 
Truth beft, when it is fpoken out, through a paire of 
open lips. Ye make fuch a noyfe there, with Drums 
and Trumpets, that if I fhould not fpeak loud, ye 
could not hear me. Ye talke one to another, with 
whole Culvering and Canon; give us leave to talk 
Squibs and Piftoletto's charged with nothing but 
powder of Love and fhott of Reafon : if you will cut 
fuch deep gafhes in one anothers flefh, we must fow 
them up with deep ftitches, elfeye may bleed to death: 
ye were better let us, your tender Countrymen doe it, 
than forraine Surgeons, who will handle you more 
cruelly, and take no other pay, but your Lives and 
Lands. 

A/pice vultus. 



Ecce meos, utinamque oculos in pectorepoffes 
Injerere: & patrias intus deprendere Curas. Ovid. 

(Phceb. 

He that to tall me7i fpeakes, miift lift up 's head, 
And when h 'hath done, muft Jet it where he did: 

He that to proud meri talkes, muft put on pride; 
And when h 'hath done, 'tis good to lay 't afide. 

3. For, Fe,<?, but you fpeak at three thou f and miles di- 
ftance, which every Coward dare doe, read, if my heart 
deceives me not, I would fpeak thus, in the Prefence 
Chamber or Houfe of Commons; hoping Homer will 
fpeak a good word for me. 

@apaa\eo<i yap avrjp iv Trdcriv a^xeivcov 
'Eipy 01(71. 

M 2 Omnibus 



86 The Simple Cobler of 



Omnibus in rebus 'potior vir fortis <& audax 
Sit licet ho/pes, & e longinquis venerit oris. 

When Kings are loft^ and Subjects caft away, 

A faith full Jieart jhould jpeak what tongue can jay: 

It skils not ivhere this faithfull heaH doth dwell. 
His faithfull dealing jhould be taken well. 

4. For, affected termes, read, / Jiope not — ■ If 

I affect termes, it is my feebleneffe; friends that know 
me, think I doe not: I confeffe, I fee I have here and 
there taken a few finifh ftitches, which may haply 
pleafe a few Velvet eares ; but I cannot now well pull 
them out, unleffe I fhould feame-rend all. It feemes 
it is in fafhion with you to fugar your papers with 
Carnation phrafes, and ipangle your fpeeches with 
new quodled words. Ermins in Minifer is every mans 
Coat. Yet we lieare fome are raking in old mufty 
Charnel books, for old mouldy monefyllables ; I wifh 
they were all banif ht to Monmouth jhire, to return when 
they had more wit. 

Multa renajcentur quw jam cecidere, cadentque 
Quoe nuncjunt in honore vocabula, ji volet ujus. Hor. 

I honour them with my heart, that can expreffe 
more than ordinary matter in ordinary words: it is 
a pleafing eloquence; them more that ftudy wifely 
and foberly to inhance their native language; them 
moft of all, that efteem the late fignificant fpeech, the 
third great bleffing of the Land; it being fo enriched, 
that a man may fpeak many Tongues in his Mothers 

mouth 



Aggavvam in diner ka, 87 



mouth and an uplandifh Ruftick, more in one word 
than liimfelfe and all the Parilh underftands. Affe- 
cted termes are unaffecting things to folid hearers; yet 
I hold him prudent, that in thefe faftidious times, will 
helpe difedged appetites with convenient condiments, 
and bangled ears, with pretty quicke pluckes. I fpeak 
the rather becaufe, not long fince, I met with a book, 
the beft to me I ever faw, but the Bible, yet under 
favour, it was fomewhat underclad, efpecially by 
him who can both excogitate and exprefie what hee 
undertakes, as well as any man I know. 

The world is growne jo fine in words and wit. 
That pens muft now Sir Edward Nich'las it. 

He that much matter /peaks, /peaks 7je'r a whit. 
If 's tongue doth not career 't above his ivit. 

5. For, You ver/e it /imply, what need have we of your 
thin Poetry; read, I confeffe I wonder at it my felf , that 
I f liould turne Poet : I can impute it to nothing, but to 
the flatuoufneffe of our diet : they are but sudden rap- 
tures foone up, foone downe. 

--Deductum dicere Carmen, is highly commended by 

Macrobius. 
Virgil himfelf faid, 

Agre/tem tenui meditabor arundine mu/am. 

Poetry 's a gift wherein but few excell; 

He doth very ill, that doth not pa//ing well. 
But he doth pa//ing well, that doth his be/t. 

And he doth be/t, that pa//eth all the re/t. 

M 3 6. For 



88 The Simple Cobler of 



6. For, tedioufneffe, read, / am jorrij for it We 

have a ftrong weaknelTe in N. E. that when wee are 
fpeakmg, we know not how to conchide: wee make 
many ends, before we make an end : the fault is in the 
Chmate; we cannot helpe it though we can, which is 
the Arch infirmity in all morality: We are fo near the 
Weft pole, that our Longitudes are as long, as any 
wife man would wifh, and fomewhat longer. I fcarce 
know any Adage more gratefull: than Grata hrevitas. 

Verba confer maxime ad compendium. Plant. 

Coblers will mend, hut jome loill never mend. 
But end, and end, and end, and never end. 

A well-girt houre gives every man content, 

Sixe ribs of beefe, are worth fixe weeks of Lent. 

For, all my other faults, which may bee more and 
greater than I fee, read, / am heartily forry for them, 
before I know them, eaft I fhould forget it after; and 
humbly crave pardon at adventure, having nothing 
that I can think of, to plead but this, 

Quifquis in ops peccat, minor eft reus. Petron. 

Poore Coblers well may fault it now and then, 
They'r ever mending faults for other men. 

And if I ivorke for nought, tvhy is it faid. 

This bungling Cobler would be foundly paid'^ 

So 



Aggavvam in Jmerica. 89 



So farewell England old 

If evill times enfue, 
Let good men come to us. 

Wee 7 welcome them to New. 

And farewell Honor'' d Friends, 

If happy dayes enfue, 
YouH have jome Guejts from hencCy 

Pray welcome us to you. 

And farewell fimple tvorld. 

If thou 'It thy Cranium mend. 

There is my Laft a?id All, 
And a Shoem-Akers 

END. 



gNATHANIEL WARD AND THE SIMPLE COBLER. 

In March, 1633, a little company of settlers, led by John 
Wmthrop, Jr., eldest son of the Governor, invaded the 
wilderness and began the formal settlement of Ipswich. 
The young leader was a scholarly and noble-minded man, 
and a singularly refined group was attracted at once to 
the new town. For the work of the ministry, came Nath- 
aniel Ward, and Nathaniel Rogers, both excommunicated 
by Laud and deposed from the mmistry in England, and 
the young John Norton, brilliant in scholarship and des- 
tined for high place in the Colony. Thomas Dudley, retir- 
ing from the Governorship, sought a new home here, and 
with him came his daughter, Ann, with her husband, Simon 
Brads treet, the future statesman, and Patience and her 
husband, Daniel Denison, renowned for his military skill 
and political prominence. Dr. Giles Firmin, son-in-law of 
Ward, and Richard Saltonstall, son of Sir Richard, a man 
of fine intellectual parts, called at once to places of politi- 
cal preferment, were numbered among the earliest settlers. 

Wmthrop had been a student at Trinity College, Dublin. 
Ward, Rogers, Norton, Saltonstall, and Firmm • were all 
Cambridge graduates. Brads treet and Dudley were men 
of fine intelligence, and Ann Bradstreet was already reveal- 
ing marked poetical gifts. 

William Hubbard took his bachelor's degree in 1642 with 
the first class that graduated from Harvard, and became 
the minister of the Ipswich church. Ezekiel Cheever, the 
famous schoolmaster, came in 1650, and taught for ten 
years as Master of the Grammar School. Sarnuel Symonds 
grew into fame and influence in political life, Samuel Apple- 
ton won renown as Commander-m-chief during King 
Philip 'siWar, and in the fiftieth year from the settlement 
of the town, John Rogers was called to the presidency of 
Harvard. A few years later, Ipswich gained a notable 
place in the annals of resistance to tyranny by her refusal 
to choose the tax commissioner ordered by Sir Edmund 
Andros. 

From this brilliant group, came notable contributions to 
the literature of New England. Ann Bradstreet, inspired 

(91) 



92 NATHANIEL WARD AND THE SIMPLE COBLER. 

by such an atmosphere, wrote the poems which were 
hailed with rapture as the work of the Tenth Muse. Will- 
iam Hubbard compiled his History of the Indian Wars. 
Nathaniel Ward revealed his great gifts in the preparation 
of The Body of Liberties and The Simple Cobler. He was 
the most striking figure perhaps in this illustrious company. 
His career m England had been noteworthy. He had 
taken his degree of Bachelor of Arts at Emmanuel College 
in 1600 and his Master's degree hi 1603, but chose the legal 
profession, though his father and two brothers were clergy- 
men. He "read almost all the Connnon Law of England 
and some Statutes,' ' he remarks ui The Simple Cobler (p. 66) , 
then travelled widely in Europe and spent some time in 
Heidelberg. There he came in contact with the famous 
theologian, David Pareus, and was influenced by him to 
abandon the law and enter the ministry. 

While rector at Stondon-Massey, near London, he became 
conspicuous for his Puritan practices, and was summoned 
before Archbishop Laud. Refusing to comply with the 
ecclesiastical requirements, he was roughly excommuni- 
cated. Deprived of his home by the death of his wife and 
deposed from the ministry, he sought a new home and work 
in the New World, although he was at least fifty-four years 
old. 

He came to Ipswich in 1634, the year of his arrival, and 
began his work at once. Mr. John Ward Dean, in his 
excellent Memoir of Mr. Ward, states that he preached not 
more than two or three years, and that he was moved to 
resign his j^astorate, partly on account of impaired health, 
but principally from a preference for literary employments. 
He was succeeded by Rev. Nathaniel Rogers in Febru- 
ary, 1637/8, and turned at once to other and varied labors. 

His house was built near the present site of the Col. Wade 
mansion. His sons, James and John, were often with him, 
and his daughter, Susan, wife of Dr. Giles Firmm, lived on 
the adjoming lot, where the parsonage of the vSouth Church 
now stands. On the opposite side of the road, within a 
few rods of Mr. Ward's door, Richard Saltonstall and Mr. 
Rogers reared their dwellings. John Norton, Gov. Dudley 
and Simon Bradstreet dwelt within easy walking distance. 
Congenial society was never lacking. 

In April, 1638, he was appointed a member of a conmiittee 
to prepare a code of laws for the Colony, His legal attaui- 



NATHANIEL WARD AND THE SIMPLE COBLER. 93 

ments fitted him pre-emiiiently for this work, and the code 
which he prepared is generally recognized to be identical 
with The Body of Liberties, which was eventually ratified 
and adopted as the written law of the Colony. It has 
been commended by men of high judicial attahiments as 
a work of fine legal quality. The General Court granted 
Mr. Ward six hundred acres of land at Pentucket, now 
Haverhill, in 1641, as compensation for this service.^ 

In 1643, fears were jirevalent of entanglement with 
French colonial affairs at St. John on account of Gov, Win- 
throp 's favorable action upon the request of La Tour to 
hu"e ships in the Colony. A Remonstrance^ was drawn up 
signed by Richard Saltonstall, Simon Bradstreet, Samuel 
Symond^;, Nathaniel Ward, Ezekiel Rogers, Nathaniel 
Rogers, and Jolm Norton. The first three were magis- 
trates. Ezekiel Rogers was minister at Rowley. This 
document may have contributed to the defeat of Gover- 
nor Wmthrop at the followmg election. It is natural to 
conclude that the conferences incidental to the formulatmg 
of this Remonstrance may have been held m Mr. Ward 's 
house, as the oldest of the group and most delicate in 
health. 

In the year 1645^ he was already at work on The Simple 
Cobler, which was completed m the following year and 
sent to London for publication. He bade farewell to Ips- 
wich in the winter of 1646/7, and sailed for England, where 
he spent his declmmg years, and died m 1653. 

Durmg these twelve years he had tasted the bitterness of 
poverty. The pathos of that letter written on December 24 
of 1634 or 1635 to Governor Winthrop wUl never be for- 
gotten. ''I heare Mr. Coddmgton hath the sale and dis- 
posall of much provision come in this shipp. I mtreate 
you to do so much as to speake to him m my name to reserue 
some meale & malt & what victuals els he thinks meete till 
our Riuer be open our Church will pay him duely for it 
I am very destitute I have not above 6 bushells corne left 
& other things an'iwerable. ' ' 

With grim humor, he remarks of Tune m The Simple 

' See an estimate of this code in " Ipswich in the Massachusetts Bay 
Colony," page 47. 

^ Printed in full in the Hutchinson Papers, with Gov. Winthrop's 
answei . 

^ Simple Cobler, p. 18: "Materia millessima sexcentesima quadra- 
gesima quinta." 



4 NATHANIEL WARD AND THE SIMPLE COBLER. 

Cobler (p. 53), " it is an empty thing, as empty as a New- 
English purse, and emptier it cannot bee;" and there is 
a touch of bitterness in his observations on the financial 
support of ministers, "nor can an Elder be given to hos- 
pitality, when he knowes not what will be given him to 
defray it: it is pity men of gifts should live upon mens 
gifts" (p. 41). ''The seeds of the Bay-sickness, " caused 
much physical pain and weakness, so that he realized his 
imfitness for a removal to the new plantation at Pen tucket, 
though the project was often deliberated by the family 
group, and ^his son John removed thither, and became 
the minister of the new settlement. 

No house ever built in our town has such associations 
as that in which he dwelt and wrought^^ out The Body of 
Liberties and struck off The Sunple Cobler, whUe in the 
humor, brooding often upon his poverty and weakness. 
It was standing some years after his departure. Cotton 
Mather, in his " Parentator, Memoirs of Remarkables in 
the Life and Death of his father. Increase Mather," pub- 
lished ill 1724, remarked, quoting perhaps his father's words : 

"An Hundred witty Speeches of our celebrated Ward 
who called himself The Simple Cobler of Agawam [and over 
whose Mantle-piece in his House, by the wav, I have seen 
those three Words Engraved, SOBRIE JUSTE PIE and 
a Fourth added which was LiETE] have been reported. 
But he had one Godly Speech. / have only Two Comforts 
to Live upo7i: The one is, in The Perfections of CHRIST: 
The other is in The Imperfections of all CHRISTIANS." 

No deed of conveyance was recorded. It was sold un- 
doubtedly to Jonathan Wade and Firmin's house became 
the property of Deacon William Goodhue.^ 

The Simple Cobler was published in January, 1646/7, and 
attained great popularity. Four editions were printed 
within a few months. A reprint of the fourth London 
edition was published in Boston in 1713, and David Pulsi- 
fer, of the Ipswich family of that name, made a reprint of this 
edition in 1843. This reprint is from a copy of the fourth 

* See a full account of land transfers in " Ipswich in the Massachu- 
setts Bay Colony," p. 470. Mr. John W. Nourse has discovered, in the 
Commoners' Record, the entry 

" Mr. Jonathan & ) claim equal 

Mr. Thomas Wade ) rights in y<^ several 

coinonages, one by Mr. Nath' Wards Entry 1(>41 deed'* to y"" Grand- 
father in 1646." 



NATHANIEL WARD AND THE SIMPLE COBLER. 95 

London edition, presented to the Ipswich Historical Society 
by the late Daniel Fuller Appleton, Esq. The title page 
and the two following pages have been reproduced. The 
page divisions and the general appearance of the book have 
been preserved as far as possible throughout the work. 
The original punctuation, capital letters, and spellmg have 
been adhered to faithfully. 

The title page is ingeniously worded. The author's 
name appears thinly disguised under the pseudonym, 
Theodore de la Guard, Theodore bemg the exact Greek 
equivalent of the Hebrew, Nathaniel, and de la Guard an 
easy French rendering of Ward. The mingling of classical 
quotations with acute and amusmg English paraphrases 
is an admirable prelude to the method of the whole essay. 
The fiction of the 'Cobler' is maintained in the prefatory 
note, To the Reader, and in the title repeated on page 1, 
but it is abandoned instantly with the discussion of his 
theme, reappearing only in his setting on of " the best peece 
of Soule-leather I have" on page 32, in the snatch of song 
he puts in the mouth of the 'Cobler' on pages 45 and 46, 
the ' ' humble heel-piece' ' on pages 79 and 80, and the num- 
erous finishing touches of the Errata, with which the book 
ends. 

A few vigorous sentences portray the confused and criti- 
cal condition of public affairs. "vSathan is now in his 
passions, he feeles his passion approaching : hee loves to fish 
in royled waters." ''The finer Religion grows, the finer 
hee spins his Cobwebs" (p. 2). 

The healing of "these comfortlesse exulcerations," is a 
difficult task, but he endeavors to make some contribution 
to this end. Resenting the charge that the New England 
colonists are ' ' a Colluvies of wild Opinionists, swarmed into 
a remote wildernes to find elbow-roome for our phanatick 
Doctrmes and practises:" he proclaims in the name of the 
Colony "that all Familists, An tinomians. Anabaptists and 
other Enthusiasts shall have free Liberty to keepe away 
from us, and such as will come to be gone as fast as they 
can, the sooner the better, ' ' and he avers, ' ' that God doth 
no where in his word tolerate Christian States, to give 
Tolerations to such adversaries of his Truth, if they have 
power in their hands to suppresse them" (p. 3). This is the 
keynote of his teaching. Intolerance of every false opin- 
ion or practise is the duty of the Puritans of England, 



96 NATHANIEL WARD AND THE SIMPLE COBLER. 

in their conflict with error. He has heard of a compact 
made by some planters in the West Indies, which ' ' firmly 
provides free stable-room and litter for all kinde of con- 
sciences, be they never so dirty or jadish; makmg it action- 
able, yea, treasonable, to disturbe any man in his Religion, 
or to discommend it, whatever it be," but he rejoices that 
"God al:)horrmg such loathsome beverages, hath in his 
righteous judgement blasted that enterprize" (p. 4). Four 
things he detests: "The standing of the Apocrypha in the 
Bible; Forrainers dwelling in my Countrey, to crowd out 
native Subjects into the corners of the Earth; Alchymized 
coines; Tolerations of divers Religions, or of one Religion 
in segregant shapes " (p. 5). "To authorise an untruth,'' 
he affirms, " is to build a Sconce against the walls of heaven, 
to batter God out of his chaire" (p. 6). He brings all 
his arguments to establish the truth of his position. ' ' Aii- 
gustines tongue had not owed his mouth one ]ienny-rent 
though he had never spake word more in it, but this, Nullum 
malum, pejus Hhertate enandi" (p. 8). (No evil is worse 
than liberty to teach falsely.) The Scriptures teach, he 
affirms, that "nothing makes free but Truth, and Truth 
saith, there is no Truth but one" (p. 9). If there is room 
in England for the Errorists whom he catalogues on page 1 1 , 
then there is room for the mythical and unclean sprites he 
mentions over agamst them, "In a word room for Hell 
above ground." 

Lest any one may misunderstand his position he reaf- 
firms it. "It is said, That Men ought to have Liberty of 
their Conscience and that it is persecution to debarre them 
of it: I can rather stand amazed then reply to this: it is 
an astonishment to think that the braines of men should 
be parboyl'd in such impious ignorance; Let all the wits 
under the Heavens lay their heads together and finde an 
Assertion worse then this (one excepted) I will petition 
to be chosen the universall Ideot of the world" (p. 12). 
Hence Parliament should enact "some peremptory Statu- 
tory Act ' ' agamst Error, and every prophet should preach 
against it. All uifants should be baptized, ' ' though their 
Parents judgements be against it" (p. 17). He gives 
warning of a "new sprung Sect of phrantasticks, which 
would perswade themselves and others, that they have dis- 
covered^ the Nor-west passage to Heaven. These wits of the 
game, cry up and downe in corners such bold ignotions of a 



NATHANIEL WARD AND THE SIMPLE COBLER. 97 

new Gospell, new Christ, new Faith, and new gay-nothings, 
as trouble unsetled heads, querulous hearts, and not a little 
grieve the Spirit of God. " ' ' Blasphemers, ' ' he calls them, 
"a late fry of croakmg frogs." "I cannot imagme why 
the Holy Ghost should give Timothie the solemnest charge, 
was ever given mortal man, to observe the Rules he had 
given, till the conmimg of Christ, if new things must be 
expected" (p. 19). 

There is so much power in false doctrine, "that the 
least Error, if grown sturdy and pressed, shall set open the 
Spittle-doore of all the squint-ey 'd, wry-necked, and brasen- 
faced Errors that are or ever were of that litter" (p. 21). 
It is impossible, he maintains, to allow all religions their 
liberty, and secure regular justice and moral honesty in 
one and the same jurisdiction, and he expresses this in 
another extraordinary declaration : * ' If the whole conclave 
of Hell can so compromise, exadverse, and diametricall con- 
tradictions, as to compolitize such multimonstrous maufrey 
of heteroclytes and quicquidlibets quietly; I trust I may 
say with all humble reverence, they can do more than the 
Senate of Heaven" (p. 22). 

This is the climax of his argument for Intolerance, and 
he makes at this pomt a whimsical digression from the 
development of his theme to make an attack upon the 
undue regard of women for the latest fashion and men's 
wearmg of long hair. Quoting a line from Horace, ' ' What 
is to hinder one from telling the Truth laughingly?" he 
proceeds with bitter sarcasm to deride the "nugiperous" 
[light-minded] Gentledame, who inquires ' ' what dresse the 
Queen is in this week: what the nudius tertian [day before 
yesterday] fashion of the Court; ... I look at her as the 
very gizzard of a trifle, the product of a quarter of a cypher, 
the epitome of Nothing, fitter to be kickt, if she were of 
a kickable substance, than either honoured or humour 'd." 

The ordinary resource of language fails him utterly and 
he betakes himself to a vocabulary of extraordinary vio- 
lence. Their fashionable garb "transclouts them into 
gant-bar-geese, ill-shapen-shotten-shell-fish, Egyptian Hye- 
roglyphicks" (p. 26). He is sick of seemg the "gut- 
foundred goosdom, wherewith they are now surcingled and 
debauched. " ' He derides tailors for spending their lives 
''in making fidle-cases for futulous womens phansies: 
which are the very pettitoes of Infirmity, the giblets of 



98 NATHANIEL WARD AND THE SIMPLE COBLER. 

perquisquilian toyes" (p. 27). With a parting gibe at 
these '' light-heel' d beagles that lead the chase so fast, 
that they run all civility out of breath, against these Ape- 
headed pullets, which mvent Antique foole-fangles, meerly 
for fashion and novelty sake" (p. 29), he devotes a few 
sentences to the enormous sm of men in wearing long hair, 
and then returns to the further discussion of the great 
questions of the time. 

Four possible schemes of securing peace and harmony 
between King and people are discussed under the heads 
of Reformation, Composition, Cessation, Prosecution, and 
for the most part with dignity and moderation. He de- 
clares that he agrees neither with Presbyterian nor Inde- 
pendent nor Separatist, but advocates some middle course, 
that shall secure pure and undefiled religion. He calls for 
personal purity and sincerity in Christian living. 

His discussion of the scheme of Composition, by which 
both Majestas Imperii and Salus Populi may be secured, 
leads him to some strong speech. ' ' No Prince exceeds m 
Soveraignty, but his Subjects will exceed as farre in some 
vitious Liberty, to abate their greife; or some pernicious 
mutiny, to abate their Prince" (p. 48). His personal ad- 
dress to the King, with which this section closes, is respect- 
ful and even humble m its tone, but pointed and plain. 
Though he means ' ' to storme you with volyes of Love and 
Loyalty " (p. 54), he asks leave ' ' to inquire of your Majesty, 
what you make in fields of blood, when you should be 
amidst your Parliament of peace : What you doe sculking 
in the suburbs of Hell, when your Royall Pallaces stand 
desolate, through your absence?" (p. 55). He feels the 
critical condition of affairs, and implores the King to be- 
ware of pressing his subjects too hard. There is an uncon- 
scious prophecy of the end, we feel, in his warning words, 
"your good Subjects are now rising into a resolution to 
pray you on to your Throne, or into your Tombe, iiito 
Grace with your Parliament and people, or into Glory with 
the Saints in Heaven ' ' (p. 63). Events had moved rapidly 
since those words were penned, and when The Simple 
Cobler appeared in prmt, the King was already a prisoner. 
"It is now nine months and more since the last credible 
News was acted: it is possible by this the Parliament may 
be at the King's mercy. " 

Two personal reminiscences afford an interesting digres- 



NATHANIEL WARD AND THE SIMPLE COBLER. 99 

sion. Prince Rupert, nephew of King CharlesjFirst, was 
in the field, the roystering leader of the cavalry. Some- 
where on the Continent, Mr. Ward had met his mother, 
Elizabeth, daughter of James First and wife of the Elector 
of the Palatinate, and the little Rupert. ' ' I have had him 
in my armes when he was younger, I wish I had him there 
now: if I mistake not, he promised then to be a good Prince, 
^ut I doubt he hath forgot it: if I thought he would not be 
angry with me, I would pray hard to his Maker, to make 
him a right Roundhead, a wise hearted Palatine, a thank- 
full man to the English; to forgive all his sinnes, and at 
length to save his soule, notwithstanding all his God-damne 
mee's: yet I may doe hun wrong: I am not certaine hee 
useth that oath; I wish no man else would: I dare say 
the Devills dare not. I thank God I have lived m a Colony 
of many thousand English these twelve years, am held a 
very sociable man; yet I may considerately say, I never 
heard but one Oath sworne, nor ever saw one man drunk, 
nor ever heard of three women Adulteresses, in all this time, 
that I can call to minde" (pp. 64, 65). 

Under the final division, Prosecution, he appeals to his 
countrymen to love Truth, and pursue it at any cost. Drop- 
ping his puns, he exhorts with stirring and sonorous words, 
"Goe on brave Englishmen, in the name of God, go on 
prosperously, because of Truth and Righteousness" (p. 73). 

The thrilling eloquence of this prolonged appeal, the 
grandeur of its imagery, the loftiness of its tone, reveal the 
power of the author. The final passage, beginning "And 
Wee your Brethren, though we necessarily abide beyond 
Jordan, and remaine on the American Sea-coasts, will send 
up Armies of prayers to the Throne of Grace, " is a noble 
climax and end (p. 75). 

Several appendices of different sorts follow. In " A Word 
of Ireland" (p. 75) the author lapses into brutal ferocity 
of speech and purpose against ' ' the truculent cut-throats. ' ' 
He heaps upon them the foulest epithets and prays that 
the expedition then being fitted out to avenge their murder 
of the English in 1641, may be undertaken "while the 
hearts and hands of our Souldiery are hot.' ' ' ' Cursed be 
he that holdeth back his Sword from blood," he cries. 
' ' Cursed be he that maketh not his Sword starke drunk 
with Irish blood, that doth not recompence them double 
for their hellish treachery to the English, that maketh them 



100 NATHANIEL WARD AND THE SIMPLE COBLER. 

not heaps upon heaps, and their country a dwelling place 
for Dragons, an Astonishment to Nations; Let not that 
eye look for pity, nor that hand to be spared, that pities or 
spares them, and let him be accursed that curseth not them 
bitterly" (p. 76). 

A few more addresses, ' ' half a dozen plaine honest Coim- 
try Hobnailes, ' ' as he styles some verses which follow, and 
the "Errata at non Corrigenda, "a burlesque upon the Errata 
with which books commonly ended, in his characteristic 
style, complete the work. 

Judged by twentieth century standards. The Simple 
Cobler maybe called a sad example of bigotry and pedantry, 
a senseless jargon of meaningless words, better forgotten 
than brought once more to remembrance. Yet to the 
thoughtful student of the Past, The Cobler is still a work 
of increasing value. 

It was the product of the Puritan age, of which Carlyle 
wrote: "The Age of the Puritans is not extmct only and 
gone away from us but it is as if fallen beyond the capabili- 
ties of Memory herself; it is grown miintelligible, what 
we may call incredible. Its earnest Purport awakens now 
no resonance in our frivolous hearts. We understand 
not even in imagination, one of a thousand of us, what it 
ever could have meant. It seems delirious, delusive, the 
soimd of it has become tedious as a tale of past stupidities. "^ 

The age of the Puritans was one of great significance in 
the history of humanity, and The Simple Cobler opens to us 
an impressive picture of that time. Its literary style is 
illustrative of the period. The Puritan scholar had only 
his Bible and the classics. The drama was an abomination 
to hmi. Though Shakespeare had anticipated Mr. Ward 
more than twenty years, with his cobbler in the first act 
of Julius Ccesar, our Ipswich sage probably knew nothmg 
of it. But Puritan learning was profound and exact, 
withm its limit. The extraordinary fluency in apt and 
striking quotations from many classic authors reveals a 
thorough and loving acquaintance with the ancient masters 
of style. Indeed, our author is not content to quote his 
Bible and his classics. His vocabulary abounds m words 
that are Latin and Greek, under slight disguise. A Latin 
lexicon affords a better clew to his meaning than Webster 's 
Unabridged. In Mercurius Anti-Mechanicus, a book often 

* Oliver Cromwell 's Letters and Speeches, 1:15. 



NATHANIEL WARD AND THE SIMPLE COBLER. 101 

attributed to Mr. Ward, the writer observes, ' ' The truth 
is T have been so much habituated and half natured into 
these Latins and Greeks, ere I was aware, that I neither can 
expell them, nor spell my own mother-tongue after my old 
fashion.'" It was not intentional pedantry, we may well 
believe. Many words, also, have grown obsolete in the lapse 
of two centuries and a half, and obscurity has appeared 
where there was none. 

Yet, in his own time, Mr. Ward's style was peculiar to 
himself in large degree. His love for eccentric and ' ' new 
quodled words" makes his meaning often uncertain. His 
wearisome antitheses lead hun to strange liberties with 
his mother tongue. His wit becomes forced, his pmis are 
sometimes coarse and even vulgar. His metaphors defy 
all rules. In the same sentence the State is a tabernacle 
and a ship. ''We hoyse up sails" is followed by "to 
walk on by twylight. ' ' Nevertheless there is such piquancy 
and freshness, such fine sentiment, such tones of thunder, 
that many readers have found much to admire. Carlyle 
might have sat at his feet. Robert Southey, the Poet- 
Laureate, owned a copy of The Simple Cobler, marked 
throughout with marginal pencillings of the passages that 
appealed to him.- "The least Truth of Gods Kingdome, 
doth in its place, uphold the whole Kmgdome of his Truths; 
take away the least vericiilum out of the world, and it 
unworlds all, potentially, and may unravell the whole tex- 
ture actually, if it be not conserved by an Arm of superi- 
ordmary power," is one passage thus designated (p. 21). 
Another was the noble sentence, worthy of Milton, it has 
been said, "Non senescet Veritas, No man ever saw a gray 
haire on the head or beard of any Truth, wrinckle or mor- 
phew on its face: The bed of Truth is green all the yeare 
long" (p. 22). 

The migallant criticism by The Cobler of women's dress 
was only the echo of the common thought of the time. In 
1634, and again in 1639, the Great and General Court con- 
demned the wearmg of laces and ribbons, ruffs and cuffs, 
and in 1651 it was enacted that no one whose estate did 
not exceed £200 should wear silk or tiffany hoods or scarfs. 
The wearmg of long hair by men was likewise a matter of 
common grief to the godly minded. 

1 John Ward Dean, Rev. Nathaniel Ward, p. 105. 

2 Duyckinck, Cyclopaedia of American Literature, vol. 1 : p. 24. 



102 NATHANIEL WARD AND THE SIMPLE COBLER. 

The sharp arraignment of tolerance was the common 
sentiment of New and Old England. Nathaniel Ward and 
his friends and neighbors, Gov. Dudley and Jolm Norton, 
agreed well in this. Dudley wrote: 

"Let men of Crod in courts and churches watch 
O'er such as do a toleration hatch," 

and Norton declared that for the putting down of error 
'Hhe holy tactics of the civil sword should be employed."^ 

His fierceroutburst against the Irish was m Ime with 
the preaching to which every Puritan congregation listened 
with delight. Thomas Hooker proclamied to smners: 
P|'' Judge the torments of hell by some little beginning of 
it,fand the dregs of the Lord's vengeance^ by someMittle 
sips of it; and judge how unable thou art to Ijear the whole, 
by thy mability to bear a little of it. . . . When God lays 
the flashes of hell-fire upon thy soul, thou canst not en- 
dure it. . . . If the drops be so heavy, what will the 
whole sea of God's vengeance be?"^ 

Thomas Shepard of Cambridge described the condition 
of the simier : ' ' Thy mind is a nest of all the foul opin- 
ions, heresies, that ever were vented by any man ; thy heart 
is a foul sink of all atheism, sodomy, blasphemy, murder, 
whoredom, adultery, witchcraft, buggery ; so that if thou 
hast any good thing in thee, it is but as a drop of rose-water 
in a bowl of poison. ... It is true thou feelest not all 
these things stirring in thee at one time . . .but they 
are in thee like a nest of snakes in a hedge. "^ 

They exulted in the imprecatory Psalms, in the Mosaic 
Law, in the lake of everlasting torment. Their pulpits were 
begirt with thunderings and lightnings. 

John Milton closed his second ' ' Defence of the People of 
England" with the prayer: "look upon this thy poor and 
almost spent and expiring church ; leave her not thus a prey 
to these importunate wolves, that wait and think it long, 
till they devour thy tender flock; those wild boars that have 
broken into thy vineyard, and left the print of their pollut- 
ing hoofs, on the souls of thy servants. 0, let them not 
bring about their damnmg designs, that stand now at the 
entrance of the bottomless pit, expecting the watch-word 

> M. C. Tyler, Hist, of Amer. Literature, 1 : 108. 
' M. C. Tyler, Hist, of Amer. Literature, 1 : 200. 
3 M. C. Tyler, Hist, of Amer. Literature, 1 : 208. 



NATHANIEL WARD AND THE SIMPLE COBLER. 103 

to open and let out those dreadful locusts and scorpions, 
to reinvolve us in that pitchy cloud of infernal darkness, 
where we shall never more see the sun of thy truth again ; 
never hope for the cheerful dawn ; never more hear the bird 
of morning sing. ' ' 

Oliver Cromwell wrote his friend Col. Walton of the death 
of his oldest son on the battlefield: "There is your precious 
child full of glory, never to know sin or sorrow any 
more. . . . Before his death he was so full of comfort 
... he could not express it, ' It was so great above his 
pain. ' A little after he said, One thing lay upon his spirit. 
I asked hmi, W^at that was? he told me it was, That God 
had not suffered him to be any more the executioner of 
His enemies."^ 

In his letter from Dublin, Sept. 16, 1649, Cromwell wrote : 
* ' It hath pleased God to bless our endeavors at Drogheda. 
He wrote more particularly the next day : " Divers of the 
Enemy retreated into the Mill Mount, a place very strong 
and of difficult access; being exceedingly high, having a 
good graft, and strongly pallisadoed." 

"The Governor, Sir Arthur Ashton, and divers considerable 
Officers being there, our men getting up to them, were 
ordered by me to put them all to the sword. And indeed, 
being in the heat of action, I forbade them to spare any 
that were in armes in the Town, and I think, that night, 
they put to the sword about 2000 men:— divers of the offi- 
cers and soldiers being fled over the Bridge into the other 
part of the Town, where about a hundred of them possessed 
St Peter's Church-steeple, some the West Gate and others 
a strong Round Tower next the Gate called St. Sunday's. 
These being sunmioned to yield to mercy, refused. Where- 
upon I ordered the steeple of St. Peter's Church to be fired, 
when one of them was heard to say in the midst of the 
flames ' God damn me, God confound me ; I burn, I burn. 

"From one of the said Towers, notwithstanding their 
condition, they killed and woimded some of our men. 
When they submitted, their officers were knocked on the 
head : and every tenth man of the soldiers killed ; and the 
rest shipped for the Barbadoes." 

"I am persuaded that this is a righteous judgment of 
God upon these barbarous wretches, who have imbrued 
their hands in so much innocent blood. 

' Carlyle, Letters and Speeches of Oliver Cromwell, 1 : 196. 



104 NATHANIEL WARD AND THE SIMPLE COBLER. 

And he concludes this letter: "And now give me leave 
to say how it comes to pass that this work is wrought. It 
was set upon some of our hearts, That a great thing should 
be done, not by power or might, but by the spirit of God. 
And is it not so clearly? That which caused your men 
to storm so courageously, it was the Spirit of God, who 
gave your men courage and took it away again; and gave 
the Enemy courage, and took it away again; and gave your 
men courage again, and therewith this happy success. And 
therefore it is good that God alone have all the glory. ' '^ 

Such was the spirit and temper of the Puritanism of the 
seventeenth century, in New England and Old England, 
in the study of the scholar, in the pulpit of the preacher, on 
the battlefield, where Oliver and his Psalm singers, rising 
from their knees in prayer, slew their enemy without pity. 
The intolerance, the violence, the savageness of The Simple 
Cobler is made intelligible, in a degree, by such an agreement 
of men of godly mind in such speech and action. 

' Carlyle, Letters and Speeches of 01i^ er CromwelJ, 1 : 462, 463, i 



PUBLICATIONS OF THE IPSWICH 
HISTORICAL SOCIETY 
XIV. 



THE SIMPLE COBLER 

OF 

AGGAWAM 

BY 

REV. NATHANIEL WARD 

A REPRINT OF THE 4TH EDITION, PUBLISHED IN 1647,W1TH FAC-SIMILES 

OF TITLE PAGE, PREFACE, AND HEAD-LINES, AND 

THE EXACT TEXT 

AND AN ESSAY 

NATHANIEL WARD AND THE SIMPLE COBLER 

BY 

THOMAS Franklin Waters 

PRESIDENT OF THE IPSWICH HISTORICAL SOCIETY 



PROCEEDINGS AT THE ANNUAL MEETING 



December 5, 1904. 



Salem VceBs: 

The Salsu Pkbss Co., Salem, Mass. 

1905 



ANNUAL MEETING. 



The Annual Meeting of the Ipswich Historical Society 
was held December 5, 1904, at the House of the Society. 
The following officers were elected. 

President. — T. Frank Waters. 
Vice Presidents. — John B. Brown, 

Francis R. Appleton. 
Directors. — Charles A. Sajovard, 

John H. Cogswell, 

John W. Nourse. 
Clerk. — John W. Goodhue. 

Corresponding Secretary and Treasurer. — T. Frank Waters. 
Librarian. — John J, Sullivan. 

Social Committee. 

Mrs. John J. Sullivan, Miss Lucy Slade Lord, 

Mrs. Chas. A. Sayward, Miss C. Bertha Dobson, 

Mrs. Edward F. Brown, Mrs. Frank H. Stockwell, 

Mrs. Cordelia Damon, Mrs. Joseph F. Ross, 

Miss Susan C. Whipple, Mrs. Frank W. Kyes. 

It was voted that the Social Committee be authorized to 
fill vacancies in its membership. 

(107) 



PRESIDENT'S REPORT, DECEMBER 5, 1904. 



Our Society was organized on April 14, 1890, and as its 
fifteenth year is well advanced, a summary of the year may 
have especial interest. The Reports already read indicate 
a healthy and vigorous life. The Register of our House 
bears the names of 854 visitors, recorded during the year 
ending December 1st, 1904. It may occasion surprise that 
this is the smallest registration smce the Society entered its 
present home, the lowest number recorded previously being 
1008 in 1901. This decrease is not to be taken seriously, 
however. It is simply the result in part of that inevitable 
fluctuation in the tide of summer visitors, which is always 
to be reckoned on, and in part, as well, of certain easily 
discovered causes. 

The total number of our Ipswich citizens registered is 41, 
while the number registered last year was 173. This dis- 
crepancy is due largely to the fact that m 1903, and for 
several years before, the Woman's Club gave a social, which 
was largely attended by its local members, whose names 
were duly recorded. This custom was not observed in 1904. 
A Midsummer Tea and other social functions found place 
in 1903, which were not attempted this year. There is 
evident, moreover, an increased disregard of the slight 
trouble of recording their names on the part of members 
who come to the House with friends. Naturally, too, the 
House has ceased to be a novelty, and the fee of twenty- 
five cents may debar our townsfolk, who are not members, 
from frequent visits. We trust, however, there may be no 
diminution in the number of Ipswich visitors. We hope 
that members will exercise to the uttermost their privilege 
of bringing friends to the House, and that none will be sen- 
sitive in the matter of repeated visits. 

As no registration ig made on social occasions, which our 
citizens generally attend, many who are not members have 
an opportunity to see the House and taste its good cheer. 
We may well consider the desirability of increasing the 
number and variety of these special gatherings, which 

(io8) 



president's report. 109 

appeal to many who are not interested especially in his- 
torical pursuits. Our Society is doing good service to the 
community when a supper is served, and the ancient rooms 
are filled by young and old from the representative families 
of our old town. The Woman's Club affords a common 
rallying ground for the women of the town. It remains 
for the Historical Society to do like service for the men 
and the families of the whole community. In this way, 
interest m the House and the Society will naturally be 
increased, a new pride m the rare and beautiful old building 
will be kindled and gradually our townsfolk will come to 
feel that the Historical Society is a Town institution, where- 
in there are no lines of distinction, nor grades of privilege, 
and that its membership should include one representative 
at least of every Ipswich family. Our ideal of the Ipswich 
Historical Society will not be attained until this broad and 
comprehensive membership shall be reached, and our 
House shall be thronged with goodly numbers of Ipswich 
people, who will come, with their children and friends, to 
these ancient hearthstones, agam and again. 

It is gratifying in this connection to note that while the 
number of visitors from other states fell from 402 m 1903 
to 306 in 1904, the number of residents of our own Common- 
wealth, outside of our town, mcreased from 403 to 502. 

The courtesies of the House have been extended to the 
Convention of the Epworth League, April 19th; the Meth- 
uen Historical Society on July 13th; the Daughters of Re- 
becca on July 27th; the Art Class on August 8th; and the 
Hovey Family on August 24th. The Class in Architecture 
in the Institute of Technology with their instructor, Mr. 
Ross Turner, the emment water-color artist, spent a whole 
day in the study of the House on October 15th. 

The financial condition of the Society is very satisfactory. 
The receipts from the House, though less than last year for 
reasons already noted, have been sufficient to pay all the 
running expense, the msurance on the property, and a small 
balance toward the interest account. By the purchase 
of the remamder of the lot m which the House stands, the 
mortgage indebtedness was raised to $3500, and the interest 
on the mortgage amounted to $111.08, in 1903. Through 
the payment of the legacy bequeathed by Mrs. Elizabeth 
M. Brown and the use of a small surplus, the mortgage has 
been reduced this year to $2800, but the interest has made 



110 president's report. 

large demands. One hundred and thirty-five dollars were 
required to meet this account. Fortunately another con- 
siderable reduction of the debt can be made on January 1st, 
and a corresponding reduction in the expense for interest 
in the coming year. The assured income from the con- 
stantly enlarging membership and the steady current of 
visitors will soon reduce our indebtedness to a compara- 
tively small sum. 

The hearty thanks of the Society are due Mr. and Mrs. 
Washington P. Pickard for their efficient and enthusiastic 
services as Curators. They have had a fine regard for the 
interests of the Society in admitting visitors at almost any 
hour, and have shown a commendable desire to make their 
visits interesting. The high reputation of the House as a 
clean and mviting dwelling has been well sustained. Mr. 
Pickard has had full charge of the grounds, and has kept 
them in excellent fashion. The modest charge he has made 
for these extra services has been well earned. 

Our Publications have attained now to Number XIII. 
The title of the last issue was " Fme Thread, Lace and Hosiery 
in Ipswich by Jesse Fewkes, and Ipswich Mills and Facto- 
ries by T. Frank Waters. ' ' It has been well received and a 
considerable number has been sold. Frequent requests for 
these pamphlets come from large libraries, notably from 
the Free Public Library of Birmingham, England, and 
from individuals who are interested in the Town of their 
forbears. Number X, ' ' The Hotel Cluny of a New England 
Village," has been an exceptionally popular issue, and 
many copies are sold every year. 

By the loan of our half-tone plate of the monument which 
stands before the Meeting House of the South Church, the 
Society has contributed aid to the publication by Miss 
Elizabeth Porter Gould, of Boston, of her admirable book 
' ' Ezekiel Cheever, Schoolmaster. ' ' Mr. Cheever gained 
high renown by his ten years' work as Master of the 
Ipswich Grammar School. 

We may hope that a new era in the history of our Society 
has be^n marked by the election of two of our citizens to 
life membership, upon payment of fifty dohars each, and 
the payment of the first legacy the Society has received 
from the estate of a deceased member. 

This new form of membership, hitherto held only by a 
lady of an old Ipswich family, by which all the privileges 



president's report. Ill 

and benefits of active membership are secured perpetuall}'^ 
without further assessment, may thus be brought to the 
favorable notice of other friends of the Society. Such 
gifts are opportune and valuable. They increase our finan- 
cial strength, rouse fresh confidence and encourage us to 
look forward to such a regular increase of resources that a 
larger work may be possible and wise. 

The payment of the legacy may suggest to philanthropic 
friends of our Town, and of the Historical Society, a wise 
testamentary gift. Already generous provision has been 
made for our Public Library and for the Manning School. 
The Historical Society comes now to public notice as an in- 
stitution, already beyond the stage when its permanence 
and usefulness may seriously be questioned. It is already 
in its fifteenth year, with a large and growing member- 
ship, a unique and valuable property, a sound financial 
condition, and a record of service to the community of 
which none need be ashamed. It is in a condition to re- 
ceive and use a large endowment. 

A Memorial building, of which frequent mention has 
already been made, would be a worthy monument to the 
men and women whose names are honored and loved, and 
would afford the opportunity for an enlargement of our 
collections and for a broadening of our scope of usefulness. 
Such a building would be a grand supplement to our ancient 
House. Upon its walls, without and within, might be 
carved the names of the wise and good of many genera- 
tions. It would provide room for a large and well ar- 
ranged historic museum, for the library, which is yet in 
embryo, of a special, historic character, and for a hall of 
moderate size, which would be of great value to the Town 
as well as to the Society. Through such a building, the 
noble history of our Town would make inspiring appeal to 
the present generation, and other generations that are to be. 
The erection of such a buildmg and its endowment would 
require less than the cost of a single beautiful residence of 
the kind which are now being reared in our midst. May 
not some generous lover of a noble ancestor, by a munifi- 
cent gift, or a group of large-minded and far-sighted men 
and women by their bequests make this vision a thing of 
brick and stone, for beauty and for use, for education and 
inspiration? 



REPORT OF THE CURATOR 
for the year ending December 1, 1904. 

Total number of visitors registered, ----- §54 

Ipswich residents, ----------- 41 

From other towns and cities in Massachusetts, - 502 

From outside the State, --------- 311 

Total registration, ------- 1899 1,134 

" --_.--.-- 1900 1,513 

" " --_-.._-- 1901 1,008 

" " - . - - 1902 1,052 

" - - 1903 1,097 



(112) 



REPORT OF THE TREASURER FOR THE 
ENDING DECEMBER 1, 1904. 

T. Frank Waters in account with Ipsivich Historical 



Dr. 



Membership Fees, _._--- 

Legacy, Mrs. Elizabeth j\I. BroAvii, - _ - 
Receipts from the House, 

Door Fees, ------- 

Sale of publications, . - - - - 

" " pictures, . _ - - - 

" " stationery, . - - - - 

Entertainment of Methuen Historical Society, 

Supper, Nov. 30, 1904, . - - - 



Balance in treasury, Dec. 1, 1903, 



Cr. 

Paid on Mortgage, - - - - 
" for Interest, - - - - 

" " Printing, _ . - - 

" " Insurance, - - _ _ 
" " Stationery and postage, - 
" " Incidentals, - - - - 
" " House account, running expenses, 

Fuel, ------ 

Furniture, - - - - 

Repairs and care, 

Water, _ - - - 

Pliotographs, two years, 



$130.38 
26.50 
24.85 
1.46 
26.50 
32.40 

242.09 



Cash in treasury, ------ 

The mortgage upon the property is now $2800. 



50.66 
51.09 
59.33 
14.64 
25.74 

201.46 



(113) 



YEAR 

Society. 



$345.50 
500.00 



242.09 

1087.59 
357.52 

$1445.11 



$700.00 

135.00 

127.62 

24.00 

16.09 

45.16 



201.46 
195.78 

$1445.11 



DONATIONS TO THE IPSWICH HISTORICAL 
SOCIETY FOR THE YEAR ENDING 
DECEMBER 1, 1904. 



American Antiquarian Society. Annual Report. Ser- 
mon on the Utility of a Permanent Ministry by David 
T. Kimball. Ipswich, 1839. 

Benj. H. Conant. Wenham Town Report. 

Miss Roxana C. Cow^les. Circular Leather Valise, owned 
and carried by her father, Prof. John P. Cowles, on his 
horseback journeys in Ohio, and his Leather Sermon 
Case. Two reels, one with clock attachment. Spin- 
ning wheel. Celestial globe, 1818, and terrestrial globe, 
owned and used by Miss Zilpah P. Grant, purchased 
by Prof. Cowles. Pencil Drawings of County House 
and Kimball Manse. Two guns, one with flint lock. 
Cartridge-box. Tin kitchen. Toaster. Gridiron. 

Dummer Academy. Catalogue. 

Essex Institute, Salem. Publications. 

Mrs. Jonathan E. Goodhue, Newark, N. Y. The Good- 
hue Family. 

James Griffin. Wasps ' nest. 

D. R. Jack, St. John, N. B. Publications of the New 
Brunswick Historical Society. No. 5. Acadiensis. iv, 
2, 3, 4. 

Medford Historical Society. Publications. 

Miss Esther Parmenter. Epaulet, worn by an ances- 
tor in the war of 1812. Three chairs and a footstool 
made by her step-father's grandfather. 

B. F. Southwick, Peabody. Set of Province Laws. 

Julia Noyes Stickney, West Newbury. Poem on Lake 
Winnipisaukee. 

Towle Manufacturing Co. Outline of Life and Works 
of Col. Paul Revere. 

Francis H. Wade. Morse's Universal Geography. 

(114) 



Membership in the Ipswich Historical Society involves 
the payment of an annual due of $2, or a single payment of 
$50, which secures Life Membership. Members are entitled 
to a copy of the regular publications of the Society, in pam- 
phlet form, without expense, free admission to the House 
with friends, and the privilege of voting in the business 
meetings. 

There are no restrictions as to place of residence. Any 
person, who is interested in the Society and desires to pro- 
mote its welfare, is eligible to membership. We desire to 
enlarge the non-resident membership list until it shall include 
as many as possible of those, who trace their descent to our 
Town. 

Names may be sent at any time to the President, but the 
election of members usually occurs only at the annual meet- 
ing in December. 



(115) 



ANNUAL MEETING. 



The Annnal meeting of the Ipswich Historical Society 
was held on Monday, December 4, 1905, at Whipple Hou&e. 
The following officers were elected. 

President. — T. Frank Waters. 
Vice Presidents. — John B. Brown, 

Francis R. Appleton. 
Directors. — Charles A. Say ward, 

John H. Cogswell, 

John W. Nourse. 
Clerk. — John W. Goodhue. 

Corresponding Secretary and Treasurer. — T. Frank Waters. 
Librarian. — John J. Sullivan. 

Social Committee, 

Mrs, John J. Sullivan, Miss Lucy Slade Lord, 

Mrs. Chas. A. Sayward, Miss C. Bertha Dobson, 

Mrs. Edward F. Browii, Mrs. Frank H. Stockwell, 

Mrs. Cordelia Damon, Mrs. Joseph F. Ross, 

Miss Susan C. Whipple, Mrs. Frank W. Kyes. 

The Committee was authorized to fill any vacancies that 
may occur in its membership, and enlarge it, if occasion 
requires. 

(116) 



REPORT OF THE PRESIDENT FOR THE YEAR 
ENDING DEC. 1, 1905. 



Our survey of the past year reveals stable and gratifying 
prosperity, as the good fortune of our Society. The list of 
members shows a steady gain, and every year more of our 
townsfolk, of the summer residents, and of non-residents, 
who have an ancestral connection with our town, are en- 
rolled. Thus our Society serves as a bond of union between 
the friends of Ipswich, wherever they are found. 

The Report of the Curator shows that the registered 
number of visitors at Whipple House has again passed the 
thousand mark. As was remarked in the last Annual 
Report a surprisingly small number of our townspeople, 
though they are members of the Society, seem willing to 
record their names. Only seventy-three were registered 
last year, but our Curator reports that many more have 
called. Though it is a matter of regret, that we may not 
know how many of our citizens show their interest in the 
House by coming with their friends, it is gratifying that 
so large a number of visitors, who inspected these rooms 
during the year were from other towns and cities of the 
Commonwealth and nearly four hundred from other States. 
Thus the good name of the Society and its House is spread 
abroad, and it frequently happens, in my own experience 
and no doubt in yours, that in the most unexpected places 
chance acquaintances are met, who dilate with enthusiasm 
upon their visit to this ancient dwelling. As in other years, 
societies of various kinds seeking the most inviting locality 
possible for a summer holiday have bethought themselves 
of Ipswich. The Boston Tea Party Chapter and the Old 
Newbury Chapter of the D. A. R. raUied here on June 9, 
and the State Chapter on June 28. The Hovey Family held 
its annual reunion, and the Ai't Class of Mr. Dow gathered 
en masse for an evening lecture, by the President by can- 
dleUght in the quaint old rooms. A goodly number of the 
members of the Gloucester Scientific and Historical So- 
ciety came on a bright August day, and in September some 

(117) 



118 president's report. 

good women of Marblehead, of Unity Rebekah Lodge, 
and the Holmes Outing Club of Haverhill drifted hither. 

The newly organized society for lace-working met during 
the early summer months in the airy bed-chamber, and an 
elaborate and beautiful display of laces was made in the 
exhibition and sale arranged by them in these rooms. 

Financially we stand well with the world. The single 
item of membership fees netted $480, and the receipts from 
the House from door fees, sales of publications and the 
entertainment of visiting societies amounted to $205.75. 
Early last spring the Ipswich Mills Corporation bought the 
Peatfield estate adjoining our property and established a 
lumber yard. The Superintendent very courteously au- 
thorized me to proceed with any scheme of shrubbery or 
ornamental gardening that might seem advisable to take 
off the rawness of the lumber piles. A spruce hedge 
seemed the best screen, and the trees were purchased and 
set out. When they were delivered, their appearance was 
not prepossessing and though carefully planted, all but six 
died. 

This account has not been settled, and the sum paid by 
the Mills remains in the treasury, exc( pt that which was 
paid for the tree setting. 

The expenditures included a payment of $300 on the 
mortgage, reducing it to $2500, and $106.33 for interest. 
The receipts from the House furnished a surplus of nearly 
$40, after all expenses incident to the House and grounds 
were met. A balance of $290.60 remains in the treasury. 

It will be noticed that no expense for printing has been 
incurred this year. The demands upon my time by the 
book, Ipswich in the Massachusetts Bay Colony, which 
was issued in September, were so great in the early months 
of the year, that no attention could be given to the usual 
publication. At a later time, the manuscript was pre- 
pared and sent to the printer, with the expectation of 
distributing it in November. Unavoidable delays arose, 
however, and now it seems best to issue the pamphlet at 
once, with the proceedings of this meeting appended. 

It may be a fortunate way of meeting the expense of a 
rather costly publication by dividing it thus between two 
years. This work which is nearly complete is a reprint of 
"The Simple Cobler of Aggawam" by our famous min- 
ister, Nathaniel Ward. The late D. F. Appleton Esq. 



president's report. 119 

gave the Society a copy of the 4"' edition, printed in 
London in 1647. Facsimiles have been made of the title- 
page, preface, head-lines and ornamental initials, the an- 
tique form of the letter s has been used, the exact spelling, 
punctuation and page division has been followed, and a 
very near approach has been made to a reproduction. An 
Essay on Nathaniel Ward and The Simple Cobler has been 
appended. A portion of the edition will be issued in the 
usual form but a considerable number of copies will be 
bound in book form, in the hope that book-lovers may es- 
teem it a volume worth purchasing. 

Though the recently issued, Ipswich in the Massachu- 
setts Bay Colony bears the imprint of the Ipswich Histor- 
ical Society, the Society has been involved in no expense 
in its publication, and has gained prestige as a publisher of 
historical works. 

The principal addition to our furnishings is an ancient 
desk, which was put in perfect condition, and presented by 
Mr. Francis R. Appleton. The Secretary of the Common- 
wealth, with the co-operation of Mr. Tillinghast, the State 
Librarian, has very kindly presented the Society a full set 
of the Vital Statistics so far as published, and ihe new issues 
are sent as they appear. The very valuable Record of the 
Soldiers and Sailors of the Revolution, which is given by 
the State, is approaching completion. 

Very recently, the Librarian of the State Library of Con- 
necticut, Mr. George S. Godard, made a request for a file of 
our publications, and in return, has sent nineteen volumes 
of the State Manual, from 1887 to 1905, with the very 
kindly remark that "Ipswich has a tender place in the 
hearts of Connecticut people," because of its gift of John 
Winthrop Jr. 

The thanks of the Society are due Mr. and Mrs. Pickard 
for their regard for the interests of the Society and the 
good name of the House. Visitors always find a cordial 
welcome. House and grounds are always well kept and 
inviting. 



REPORT OF THE CURATOR 

During the year, December 1, 1904 to December 1, 1905, 
1041 names of visitors have been registered. 

73 were residents of Ipswich. 

594 were residents of other towns and cities in Massa- 
chusetts. 

376 were residents of other States. 

June 9, The Boston Tea Party Chapter, and The Old 
Newbury Chapter, D. A. R. visited the house. 

June 28, The State Chapter of D. A. R. 

August 1, The Hovey Family held its reunion at the house. 

August 2, The Gloucester Historical Society. 

August 7, The Art Class of Prof. A. W. Dow. 

Sept. 13, Unity Rebekah Lodge, I. 0. .F. of Marblehead. 

Sept. 18, The Holmes Outing Club of Haverhill. 

Washington P. Pickard, 

Curator. 

(120) 



REPORT OF THE TREASURER OF THE IPSWICH 

HISTORICAL SOCIETY, FOR THE YEAR 

ENDING DECEMBER 1, 1905. 

T. F. Waters in account with the Ipswich Historical Society. 

Dr. 

To Membership fees, $480.00 

" Contribution from Ipswich Mills, for shrubbery, . . 31.50 
" Receipts from Whipple House, 

Door Fees, $134.20 

Sale of Publications, .... 31.85 

" " Pictures, 16.50 

" " Stationery, 1.20 

Entertainment of the Boston Tea Party 

Chapter, D. A. R., . . . . 12.00 
Entertainment of the Gloucester Historical 

Society, 10.00 205.75 





205.75 


717.25 


Balance in treasury, Dec. 1, 1904, 




208.59 




$925.84 


Or. 






Paid on Mortgage, 




$300.00 


" for Interest, ...... 




106.33 


" " Stationery and expressage. 




13.35 


" " Books, ...... 




7.00 


" " Incidentals, ..... 




41.31 


" " House account. 






Fuel, 


26.82 




Table ware 


16.00 




Water biUs, 


14.55 




Furniture, 


9.30 




Hardware, ..... 


7.77 




Supper notices, etc.. 


5.50 




Pictures, 


17.45 




Setting shrubbery, .... 


9.00 




Repairs and care of house and grounds, 


60.86 


167.25 




167.25 


635.24 


Balance in treasury, Dec. 1, 1905, 




290.60 



$925.84 



The mortgage is now $2500. 



(121) 



MEMBERS. 



LIFE MEMBERS. 



Mrs. Alice C. Bemis 
James H. Proctor 
Charles G. Rice 



Colorado Springs, Col. 
Ipswich, Mass. 



RESIDENT MEMBERS. 



Dr. Charles E. Ames, 

Mrs. Susan A. R. Appleton, 

Francis R. Appleton, 

Mrs. Frances L. Appleton, 

James W. Appleton, 

Randolph M. Appleton, 

Miss S. Isabel Arthur, 

Dr. G. Guy Bailej', 

Mrs. Elizabeth H. Baker, 

Mrs. Ellen B. Baker, 

John H. Baker, 

Miss Katharine C. Baker, 

Charles W. Bam lord, 

George E. Barnard, 

Miss Mary D. Bates, 

John A. Blake, 

James W. Bond, 

Warren Boynton, 

Albert S. Brown, 

Albert S. Brown, Jr., 

Miss Annie Gertrude Brown, 

Charles W. Brown, 

Edward F. Brown, 

Mrs. Carrie R. Brown, 

Henry Brown, 

Mrs. Lavinia A. Brown, 

Robert Brown, 

Ralph W. Burnham, 

Mrs. Nellie Mae Burnham, 

Fred F. Byron, 

Miss Joanna Caldwell, 

Miss Lydia A. Caldwell, 

Miss Sarah P. Caldwell, 

Charles A. Campbell, 

Mrs. Lavinia Campbell, 

Edward W. Choate, 

Philip E. Clarke, 

Mrs. Mary E. Clarke, 

Miss Lucy C. Coburn, 

Sturgis Coffin, 2d, 

John H. Cogswell, 

(122) 



Theodore F. Cogswell, 
Miss Harriet D. Condon, 
Braiuerd J. Conley, 
Rev. Edward Constant, 
Miss Roxana C. Cowles, 
Rev. Temple Cutler, 
Arthur C. Damon, 
Mrs. Carrie Damon, 
Mrs. Cordelia Damon, 
Everett G. Damon, 
Harry K. Damon, 
Mrs. Abby Danforth, 
Miss Edith L. Daniels, 
Mrs. Howard Dawson, 
George G. Dexter, 
Miss C. Bertha Dobson, 
Harry K. Dodge, 
Rev. John M. Donovan, 
Mrs. Sarah B. Dudley, 
Mrs. Charles G. Dyer, 
Miss Emeline C. Farley, 
Mrs. Emma Farley, 
Miss Lucy R. Farley, 
Miss Abbie M. Fellows, 
Benjamin Fewkes, 
James E. Gallagher, 
John S. Glover, 
Charles E. Goodhue, 
Frank T. Goodhue, 
John W. Goodhue, 
William Goodhue, 
John J. Gould, 
David A. Grady, 
James GraflXim, 
Mrs. Eliza H. Green, 
Mrs. Lois H. Hardy, 
George Harris, 
Mrs. Kate L. Haskell, 
George H. W. Hayes, 
Mrs. Alice L. Heard, 
Miss Alice Heard, 



NON-RESIDENT MEMBERS. 



123 



Johu Heard, 
Miss Mary A. Hodgclou, 
Mrs. Louise S. Hodgkius, 
Miss S. Louise Holmes, 
Charles G. Hull, 
Miss Lucy S. Jewett, 
Miss Amy M. Johnson, 
Miss Ida B. Johnson, 
John A. Johnson, 
Miss Ellen M. Jordan, 
Albert Joyce, 
Charles M. Kelly, 
Mrs. Caroline Kenyou, 
Fred A. Kimball, 
Robert S. Kimball, 
Mrs. Isabelle G. Kimball, 
Miss Bethiah D. Kinsman, 
Miss Mary E. Kinsman, 
Mrs. Susan K. Kinsman, 
Dr. Frank W. Kyes, 

Mrs. Georgie C. Kyes, 

Curtis E. Lakemaii, 

J. Howard Lakeman, 

Mrs. G F. Langdon, 

Austin L. Lord, 

George A. Lord, 

Dr. Sidney A. Lord, 

Miss Lucy Slade Lord, 

Thomas H. Lord, 

Mrs. Lucretia S. Lord, 

Walter E. Lord, 

Mrs. Mary B. Main, 

James F. Mann, 

Joseph Marshall, 

Everard H. Martin, 

Mrs. Marietta K. Martin, 

Miss Abby L. Newman, 

Mrs. Amanda K. Nichols, 

William J. Norwood, 

Mrs. Elizabeth B. Norwood, 

John W. Nourse, 

Charles H. Noyes, 

Mrs. Harriet E. Noyes, 

Rev. Reginald Pearce, 
I. E. B. Perkins, 
Miss Carrie S. Perley, 



Augustine H. Plouff, 

Mrs. Frances Richardson, 

James S. Robinson, Jr., 

Mrs. Anna C. C. Robinson, 

Miss Anna W. Ross, 

Frederick G. Ross, 

Mrs. Mary F. Ross, 

Joseph F. Ross, 

Mrs. Helene Ross, 

Dr. William H. Russell, 

William S. Russell, 

William W. Russell, 

Daniel Saflford, 

Angus Savory, 

Charles A. Say ward, 

Mrs. Henrietta W. Say ward, 

George A. Schofleld, 

Amos E. Scotton, 
Nathaniel Shatswell, 
Mrs. Harriet G. Shaw, 
Dexter M. Smith, 
Mrs. Olive P. Smith, 
Mrs. Elizabeth K. Spaulding, 
George W. Starkey, 
Dr. Frank H. Stockwell, 
Mrs. Sadie B. Stockwell, 
Miss Lucy Belle Story, 
Edward M. Sullivan, 
John J. Sullivan, 
Mrs. Elizabeth ^i. Sullivan, 
Arthur L. Sweetser, 
Samuel H. Thurston, 
George W. Tozer, 
Miss Ellen R. Trask, 
Jesse H. Wade, 
Miss Nellie F. Wade, 
Miss Emma E. Wait, 
Luther Wait, 
Rev. T. Frank Waters, 
Mrs. Adeline M. Waters, 
Miss Susan C Whipple, 
Frederick G. Whittier, 
Mrs. Marianna Whittier, 
Miss Eva Adams Willcomb, 
Chester P. AVoodbury. 



NON-RESIDENT ME^^BEBS. 



Frederick J. Alley . 
Mrs. Mary G. Alley 
William F. J. Boardman 
Albert D. Bosson* . 
Mrs. Alice C. Bosson* 
Mrs. Mary P. Bosworth 
John B. Brown* 
Mrs. Lucy T. Brown* 



Hamilton, Mass. 

Hartford, Conn. 
Chelsea, Mass. 

New York, N. Y. 
. Chicago, III. 



■Summer home In Ipswich. 



124 



NON-RESIDENT MEMBERS. 



Frank T. Burnham . 
Rev. Augustine Caldwell 
Eben Caldwell 
Miss Florence F. Caldwell 
Mrs. Luther Caldwell 
Miss Mir a E. Caldwell 
Rufus Choate 
Alexander B. Clark 
Mrs. Edward Cordis 
Dr. Richard H. Derby 
Joseph D. Dodge 
Mrs. Edith S. Dole . 
Arthur W. Dow* 
Joseph K. Farley 
Sylvanus C. Farley . 
Edward B. George . 
Dr. J. L. Goodale* . 
Dr. E. S. Goodhue . 
Samuel V. Goodhue 
Dr. F. B. Harrington* 
Rev. Horace C. Hovey 
Miss Ruth A. Hovey 
Gerald L. Hoyt* 
Mrs. May Hoyt* 
Miss Julia Hoyt* 
Lydig Hoyt* 
Albert P. Jordan 
Arthur S. Kimball 
Rev. John C. Kimball 
Rev. Frederic J. Kinsman 
Mrs. Mary A. Lord* 
Mrs. Frances E. Markoe 
Mrs. Anna Osgood* 
Rev. Robert B. Parker* 
Moritz B. Philipp* 
Bowen W. Pierson 
Frederick H. Plouff 
Mrs. Jessie W. P. Purdy 
A. Davidson Remick 
James E. Richardson 
Dr. Mark W. Richardson* 
Mrs. Lucy C. Roberts 
John B. Shearer 
Mrs. E. M. H. Slade 
Edward A. Smith 
Miss Elizabeth P. Smith 
Henry P. Smith 
Mrs. Caroline P. Smith 
Rev. R. Cotton Smith* 
Dr. E. W. Taylor* . 
Rev. William G. Thayer* 
Andrew S. Thomson, 
Dr. Harvey P. Towle* 
Dr. Chas. W. Townsend* 
Miss Ann H. Treadwell . 
Bayard Tuckerman* 
Mrs. Ruth A. Tuckerman* 
Charles H. Tweed . 



So. Framingham, Mass. 

Eliot, Me. 

Elizabeth, N. J. 

. Philadelphia, Pa. 

Lynn, Mass. 

" " 

Essex, Mass. 
Peabody, Mass. 
Jamaica Plain, Mass. 
. New York, N. Y. 
Lynn, Mass. 
Newbury, Mass. 
. Brooklyn, N. Y. 
Lihue, Kauai, Hawaiian Islands. 
Alton, 111. 
Rowley, Mass. 
Boston, Mass. 
Wailuku, Maui, Hawaiian Islands. 
Salem, Mass. 
Boston, Mass. 
Newburyport, Mass. 
Lake Mohonk, N. Y. 
New York. N. Y. 



Fresno, Cal. 

Oberlin, Ohio. 

Greenfield, Mass. 

NewYork, N. Y. 

Boston, Mass. 

Philadelphia, Pa. 

Orange, N. J. 

Providence, R. I. 

New York, N. Y. 

Boston, Mass. 
Reading, Penn. 

Salem, Mass. 

Boston, Mass. 

Cambridge, Mass. 

Byflelil, Mass. 

New York,N. Y. 

Salem, Mass. 

Brookline, Mass. 

Washington, D. C. 

Boston, Mass. 

. Southboro, Mass. 

Wenham, Mass. 

Boston, Mass. 



Jamaica Plain, Mass. 
. New York, N. Y. 



Summer home In Ipswich. 



HONORARY MEMBERS. 



125 



NON-RESIDENT MEMBERS. 

Miss Laura B. Underbill* New York, N. Y. 

Mrs. Margaret Wade Newton, Mass. 

Wallace P. Willett* East Orange, N. J. 

Mrs. Elizabeth Willett* " .," ,, " 

Frederic Winthrop Hamilton, Mass. 

Robert D. Winthrop New York, N. Y. 

Chalmers Wood* 



HONORARY MEMBERS. 



John Albree, Jr. 
Miss Caroline Farley 
Frank C. Farley 
Mrs. Katherine S. Farley 
Mrs. Eunice W. Felton 
Jesse Fewkes . 
Reginald Foster 
Augustus P. Gardner 
Charles L. Goodhue 
Miss Alice A. Gray 
Miss Emily R. Gray 
Arthur W. Hale 
Albert Farley Heard, 2d 
Otis Kimball 
Mrs. Otis Kimball . 
Miss Sarah S. Kimball 
Frederick J. Kingsbury 
Miss Caroline T. Leeds 
Miss Katherine P. Loring 
Mrs. Susan M. Loring 
Mrs. Elizabeth R. Lyman 
Josiah H. Mann 
Miss Adeline E. Manning 
Henry S. Manning 
Mrs. Mary W. Manning 
George von L. Meyer 
Miss Esther Parmenter 
Mrs. Mary S. C. Peabody 
Richard M. Salton stall 
Denison R. Slade 
Joseph Spiller 
Miss Ellen A. Stone 
Harry W. Tyler 
Albert Wade 
Edward P. Wade 
W. F. Warner 
George Willcomb 



Swampscott, Mass- 
Cambridge, Mass- 
So. Manchester, Conn- 



Cambridge, Mass. 

Newton, Mass. 

Boston, Mass. 

Hamilton, Mass. 

Springfield, Mass. 

Sauquoit, N.Y. 

Winchester, Mass. 
Boston, Mass. 



Salem, Mass. 

Waterbury, Conn. 

Boston, Mass. 



Brookline, Mass. 

Ipswich, Mass. 

Boston, Mass. 

New York, N. Y. 

St. Petersburg, Russia. 

Chicopee, Mass. 

Ipswich, Mass. 

Boston, Mass. 

Center Harbor, N. H. 

Boston, Mass. 

East Lexington, Mass. 

Boston, Mass. 

Alton, 111. 

St. Louis, Mo. 
Boston, Mass. 



•Summer home In Ipewich. 



1 

V 



IPSWICH IN THE MASSACHUSETTS BAY COLONY 

1633-1700 
By Thomas Franklin Waters 

President of the Ipswich Historical Society 
ONE VOLUME IN TWO PARTS 



T 

II 

III 

IV 



V 

VI 

VII 

VIII 

IX 

X 

XI 

XII 



XIII 



XIV 



XV 

XVI 

XVII 



PART ONE 



Primeval Agawam, a study of the Indian life 

Tlie Coming of the English 

Homes and Dress ....... 

Some notable Settlers. John Winthrop, Jr., Thomas 
Dudley, Richard Saltonstall, Simon and Ann Brad- 
street, Rev. Nathaniel Ward, John Norton 

The Development of our Town Government 

Common Lands and Commonage 

Trades and Employments 

The Body Politic .... 

The Sabbath and the Meeting House . 

The Early Military Annals 

The Charter in Peril. Samuel Symonds, Daniel Deni- 
son, John Appleton . . . . . . 

The Grammar School and Harvard College. Ezekiel 
Cheever and his successors, and many famous pupils 
of the Grammar School ...... 

King Philip's War: contains Major Samuel Appleton 's 
military letters and a complete list of the soldiers in 
that war ......... 

Ipswich and the Andros Government. A careful study 
of the attitude of Ipswich men in this critical period, 
with many documents, warrants for arrest, deposi- 
tions, records, etc. Rev. John Wise, Major Samuel 
Appleton, John Appleton, Jr., Thomas French, Wil- 
liam Goodhue, John Andrews, Robert Kinsman . 

Laws and Courts ....... 

Witchcraft 

War of William and Mary and other Indian troubles, 
with a list of soldiers so far as known .... 

(127) 



pp. 1-6 

7-20 

21-44 



45-55 

56-67 

68-74 

75-86 

87-106 

107-118 

119-127 

128-145 



146-158 



159-224 



225-273 
274-286 
287-300 

301-313 



128 IPSWICH IN THE MASSACHUSETTS BAY COLONY. 

The material for this work has been derived, by original 
research, chiefly from the Town Records, the Records of the 
old Ipswich Quarter Sessions Court and other Court Records, 
the Massachusetts Bay Records, the Massachusetts Archives, 
and contemporaneous published works, so far as possible. 
It is illustrated with facsimiles of ancient documents and 
photographs. 

PART TWO 

is a study of the original land grants for house lots on all the 
ancient streets and lanes, and the successive owners to the 
present generation, with diagrams, maps, and photographs of 
many ancient dwellings. 

The dates of the erection of houses are noted in many 
instances, and all transfers are accompanied with citations of 
the Book and Leaf of the ancient Ipswich Deeds (5 volumes), 
and the Records of the Essex County Registry of Deeds and 
Registry of Probate. Some eighteen hundred citations are 
made from the original sources, and these constitute the sole 
authority for this record of locations, ownerships, and the 
probable age and identity of dwellings. 

Besides this, there are seven appendices to the volume, 
giving important historical material under the following heads : 
A summary of the names of the first settlers from 1633 to 
1649; Some Early Inventories; The Letters of Rev. Nathan- 
iel Ward; The Letters of Giles Firmin; The Letters of Sam- 
uel Symonds; The Valedictory and Monitory Writing left by 
Sarah Goodhue; The Diary of Rev. John Wise, Chaplain 
in the Expedition to Quebec. There is also a copious Index. 

The book will be of particular interest and importance to 
those who are of Ipswich ancestry, but all who dwell in Ips- 
wich, or make their summer homes there, will find it a read- 
able and attractive record of many events, places, and 
persons. 



IPSWICH IN THE MASSACHUSETTS BAY COLONY. 129 

EXTRACTS FROM REVIEWS AND LETTERS. 

{By Bayard Tuckerman, Lecturer in English at Princeton University). 

Ipswich is one of the oldest and in some respects one of the most inter- 
esting and typical of the English settlements in America. The difficulties 
to be encountered by the early colonists in subduing the wilderness, in 
wringing a livelihood from an unfruitful soil, in building up a civilization 
in which comfort and education were sought together, were nowhere greater 
and nowhere surmounted with more courageous energy. The institution 
of town government and the intelligent practice of the principles of political 
liberty are well exemplified in the history of Ipswich, while the bold resist- 
ance of her citizens to the tyranny of the English government in the time 
of Governor Andros has given her a claim to the title of the "Cradle of 
American Liberty" Mr. Waters has told this story with historical insight 
and literary skill, and has given us besides a mass of information regarding 
local customs, transfers of land and resident families, which make his work 
of personal interest to everyone whose ancestors have lived in the township. 
As we turn the leaves of this scholarly work, the chapter headings 
indicate a variety of interesting subjects. Political history is studied 
under "The Development of our Town Government" ' 'The Body Politic" 
"The Charter in Peril" "Ipswich and the Andros Government." Under 
the heads of "The Coming of the English" "Homes and Dress" "Some 
Notable Settlers" "Trades and Employments," we find a rich fund of 
information regarding the early inhabitants and the lives they led. In 
the chapter dealing with "The Sabbath and the Meeting House" with 
the melancholy accompaniment of "Witchcraft," the austere religious 
life of the early times is depicted. The relations of the settlers to the Indians 
are described under "Primeval Agawam" "King Philip's War" and the 
"War of William and Mary." The determination of the colonists to 
provide education for their children is shown in the article on "The Gram- 
mar School and Harvard College. ' ' Other interesting chapters deal with 
the "Laws and Courts" and with the curiousjnstitution of the "Common 
Lands and Commonage. ' ' 

Tlie second portion of the work contains an account of the ownership 
and transfer of lands and houses which is the fruit of research, of remarkable 
industry and accuracy. No one whose family has owned property within 
the bounds of Ipswich can fail to find facts of interest to him here. The 
names of early settlers are given in full and there are a number of inven- 
tories illustrative of the character of personal property held and transmitted. 
The letters of Rev. Nathaniel Ward, of Dr. Giles Firmin, and of Samuel 
Symonds, the writings of Sarah Goodhue, and the narrative of tlie Rev. 
John Wise, aU of great antiquarian interest, are given in the Appendix. 

Thirty-five excellent illustrations, and an Index which forms a com- 
plete guide to all the names and subjects mentioned, add greatly to the 
value of the work. 



130 IPSWICH IN THE MASSACHUSETTS BAY COLONY. 

This history of Ipswich is the result of such painstaking and intelligent 

research, and is written in so attractive a style, that it cannot fail to appeal 

to all persons who have any connection with the town. Whoever lives 

in Ipswich or whose ancestors lived here, should have a copy among his 

books. He will find pleasure in reading it, and profit in possessing it for 

reference. 

Bayard Tuckerman. 

(From the Boston Transcript.) 

A most important addition to the literature of New England history 
is made by Mr. Thomas Franklin Waters in this volume. Ipswich — the 
Agawam of 270 years ago — is one of the most picturesque towns in the 
Commonwealth, and aside from its attractions of location and scenery, is 
particularly rich in historical associations. No town in its early conditions 
more accurately typifies early New England life, and in the narrative of 
its struggles and development may be read that of a score of other settle- 
ments of the same period. ' ' I have tried, ' ' says Mr. Waters in his preface, 
"to tell accurately, but in readable fashion, the story of the builders of 
our town, their homes and home life, their employments, their Sabbath- 
keeping, their love of learning, their administration of town affairs, their 
stern delusions, their heroism in war and in resistance to tyranny. ' ' To 
anyone familiar with the beautiful old town the book will have all the 
fascination of a romance. 

(From a Review by the New York Daily Tribune.) 

The president of the Ipswich Historical Society has prepared in this 
volume a model of its kind. He tells in thoroughly entertaining fashion 
the history of this early Colonial town — the Agawam of Indians — and 
he adds in Part II such a detailed account of its houses and lands as must 
ever be of value to all connected by ties of blood or property with Ipswich. 
Photographs of the many ancient houses which survive, together with 
maps, diagrams and facsimiles illustrate and elucidate the text. 

The story of the town holds so much of the struggle, the tragedy and 
the quaintness of seventeenth century life in the colony that it would have 
been difficult to make it other than interesting. 

The services of Ipswich men in King Philip's War and their sturdy 
protest against the usurpation of the Andros government are chronicled 
here, and are not to be forgotten by Americans. In the resistance to what 
she considered an unjust tax, Ipswich may claim a high place among the 
earliest supporters of the right of self government. 

{From a letter, written by C. B. Tillinghast, State Librarian of Massachusetts). 

"The story of the founders of Ipswich which you have told with so 
much detaU and skill in the first half of the volume, is of course in large 



IPSWICH IN THE MASSACHUSETTS BAY COLONY. 131 

degree the story of the early life of the settlers in other parts of the Colony 
and this study, which you have founded with such pains-taking accuracy 
largely upon original and documentary sources of information makes the 
volume of the widest general interest to all, who have an interest in the 
early settlers and their mode of life. This feature of the book it seems to 
me, is unequalled by any other available publication and should commend 
it to the favorable attention of all libraries. 

The topographical study which forms the latter portion of the book, 
is a model of what such a study should be, and in this respect, Ipswich 
territory is of special interest. 

"You have made in thisvolume a contribution to the local, the funda- 
mental history of the Commonwealth, which few, if any volumes equal 
and none excel." 



{From George H. Martin, Secretary of the State Board of Education of 

Massachusetts.) 

I have examined with care the whole of your new book on Ipswich, 
and I have read with increasing interest as much as time would allow. It 
is a great book and will prove of immense service to all students of early 
colonial history. 

I do not think I have found anywhere so vivid a picture presented of 
Puritan town life in all its phases as you have given. The thorough way 
in which you have handled the matter of land grants is a model for all 
local historians. 

I congratulate you heartily upon having made an addition to the local 
history of New England, which" is unsurpassed in the choice of matter, and 
in the felicity of its presentation. 

{From The Nation, New York.) 

In one feature, at least, this ample and handsomely printed work 
surpasses any other town history that we have ever encountered. We 
refer to that portion of the second half which deals with "Houses 
and Lands," and which, with the aid of a diagram, traces the for- 
tunes of each dwelling and lot of the original settler nominatim not 
only to 1700, but to the present day. This enormous labor is for- 
tified by the citation of wills and deeds, and the result is a firm base 
for all future researches. It is supplemented by a summary of the 
names of the settlers from 1633 to 1649, with the year in which each 
name first occurs in the town records, and by some sample inventories 
of personal effects. Other remarkable lists of the early inliabitants have 
been constructed for the chapter entitled "The Body Politic;" and show 
that out of an enrolled male population in 1678 totalling 508, there were 
220 commoners and 125 freemen (17 of these not being commoners). The 
freemen alone were entitled to vote for the officers and magistrates of 



J/,M 22 i®e^ 



132 



IPSWICH IN THE MASSACHUSETTS BAY COLONY. 



the Colony and to speak and vote in town meeting ; the commoners might 
vote on all questions relating to the common lands ; the residue, so-called 
Resident, were eligible for jury duty and to vote for selectmen. 

Mr. Waters 's historical treatment is episodical and is very pleasingly 
manifested in the opening chapters on the aborigines as described by 
the first Englishmen and on home and dress. These themes are in- 
vested with a really fresh interest, and set forth with noticeable literary 
skill. 

Much remains to be said or sayable, but we must stay our hand. 
Mr. Waters 's work, which we hope he will follow up for later times, as he 
half promises, takes its place in the front rank of its class, and can 
hardly be praised too highly for diligent research, candor, taste, style and 
construction. 

It will be found to be of particular value to the New England fami- 
lies bearing the 
APPLETON 
BAKER 
BROWN 
BURNHAM 
CALDWELL 
CHOATE 
CLARK 
COGSWELL 
DENISON 
DODGE 
DUTCH 



names of 
FARLEY 
FOSTER 
GOODHUE 
HARRIS 
HEARD 
HODGKINS 
HOVEY 
HUBBARD 
JEWITT 
KIMBALL 
KINSMAN 



KNOWLTON 

LAKEMAN 

LORD 

MANNING 

NEWMAN 

NORTON 

PAINE 

PERKINS 

POTTER 

PULCIFER 

RINGE 



ROGERS 

ROSS 

RUST 

SALTONSTALL 

SMITH I 

SYMONDS 

TREADWELL 

WADE 

WAINWRIGHT 

WHIPPLE 

WILLCOMB 



WINTHROP 



and many others. 



Price. Five dollars, net. Postage, Thirty-six cents. 



^^i^ 



^:-S 






■;?-->o 









PUBLik^iA I iijNS ... 



IPSWICH HISTORICAL 
SOCIETY 



u by Rev, VVii.-iii'Jifton 

, , Df)vis,-'>ri the i"''Ot'i A 
Aiidros 'I 



The D--v^1nn:iicnt 



■v of tlxe Old Argil 



cce.diugs at ihi. 
Massachi 



:2;, 1900. Piice 25 cents 






■r of Atfij^vvfliT!, ]t^ 



lanirl W;, 



PUBLICATIONS OF THE IPSWICH 

HISTORICAL SOCIETY 

XV. 



THE OLD BAY ROAD 
FROM SALTONSTALL'S BROOK 

AND 

SAMUEL APPLETON'S FARM 



A GENEALOGY 
OF THE IPSWICH DESCENDANTS 

OF I 

SAMUEL APPLETON 



BY 



T. FRANK WATERS 



PROCEEDINGS AT THE ANNUAL MEETING 



' December 3, 1906. 



Salem IPcese: 
Thb Sal£U Press Co., Sai,£M, Mass. 
1907 



GRANTS ON A PART OF THE BAY PATH 




MTH. 






PUBLICATION!^ OF THE IPSWICH 

HISTORICAL SOCIETY 

XV. 



THE OLD BAY ROAD 
FROM SALTONSTALL'S BROOK 

AND 

SAMUEL APPLETON'S FARM 



A GENEALOGY 
OF THE IPSWICH DESCENDANTS 

OF 

SAMUEL APPLETON 



T. FRANK WATERS 



PROCEEDINGS AT THE ANNUAL MEETING 



December 3, 1906. 



Salem IPcessi 
The Salem Press Co., Salem, Mass. 
1907 



f-' A- 



T^^; 



JAN ^, ii. 



/ 



THE OLD BAY ROAD FROM SALTONSTALL'S BROOK 

AND 

SAMUEL APPLETON'S FARM. 

In the year 1639, the General Court considered the unsatisfactory con- 
dition of the public highways. Sometimes they were "toostraite" and "in 
other places travellers are forced to go farr about." It was ordered, there- 
fore, on the 5'^ of November, "that all high ways shall be laid out before 
the next General Court." 

"Every town shall choose two or three men who shall joyne with 
two or three of the next town <fe they shall have power to lay out ways 
where most convenient not withstanding any man's propriety or any 
corne ground so as it not occasion the puling downe of any man's 
house or laying open any garden or orchard & in comon ground or 
where the soyle is wet or mirye they shall lay out the ways the wider 
as 6 or 8 or 10 rods or more in comon ground." "Each town to make 
reasonable satisfaction." 

At the session of the General Court, beginning Oct. 7, 1640, the sur- 
veyors reported that they had laid out the highway from Rowley to 
Ipswich, 

"from Mr. Nelsons dwelling house pale by the end of Mussies Hill to 
the newe bridge over the North Ryver & so to the newe bridge over 
Muddy Ryver & so by the comon fence to Ipswich towne & so along 
by Mr. Saltonstalls house over the falls at Mile River & by marked 
trees over Mr. Appletons meadow called Parlye Meadow & from thence 
by Mr. Hubbards farm house and so upon the east side of Mr. Smiths 
house then over the ould planters meadow and so to the two ponds 
usually dry in summer near wch ponds the way doth branch one where- 
of is easterly of the said ponds leading through the old planters field 
to the Salem ferry according to the marked trees and the other way is 
westerly of the ponds leading to a great creek at a landing place west- 
erly of Mr. Scrugs house." 

The breadth of this highway was eight rods. Except bridging North 
River or Egypt River, as it is now called, and Muddy River, nothing was 
done apparently to make travel more easy or convenient. The travel- 
ler forded Ipewich River at the "watering place," as it was known in later 
years,' near the present foot-bridge of the Ipswich mill, rode along the high- 
way by Mr. Saltonstall's, whose house was on or near the site of the old 

1 Ipswich in Maee. Bay Colony, pp. 46(M63. 

(1) 



2 THE OLD BAY ROAD FROM SALTONSTALL's BROOK 

Merritield house,' forded Mile River, find picked his way across Samuel 
Appleton's meadow by blazed trees, and on to Salem Ferry. No 
change in the existing road was made, except where it cut through the 
Appleton farm. To settle the damage at this point, the Town voted in 
1650, " Granted to Mr. Apleton a p'cell of ground (in full satisfaction for 
the country highway going through his farme) beyond tlie swamp to make 
his fence straight not exceeding eight acres." In the year 1680, and prob- 
ably long before, bridges had been built over Saltonstall's brook, and Mile 
River, as John Whipple was ordered to care for the roads from"Myle Bridge' 
to Wenham bounds, in that year, and John Low, from Mr. Saltonstall's 
Bridge to Haffield's Bridge. 



Richard Saltonstall's Lot. 

No. 1 on Diagram. 

Mr. Richard Saltonstall's town property , as described in his deed to Sam- 
uel Bishop, included his "dwelling house & orchard with all ye land about 
it on both sides ye brook commonly called Saltonstall's brook it being 
14 acres by estimation whether it be more or less." Sept. 23, 1680 (16: 
105). But Nathaniel Rust, a glover by trade, was in possession of that 
part of the Saltonstall land, which lay on the south side of the brook, as 
early as 1689, when Capt. Cross sold the land on the north of the brook to 
Elisha Treadwell. (Ips. Deeds 5:378). Mr. Rust had his tan yard, beam 
house, and all the appurtenances of his craft here, and here no doubt, he 
made the four dozen pairs of gloves ordered for Rev. Mr. Gobbet's funeral 
on Nov. 6, 1685. Thomas Norton was likewise a tanner, and on March 8, 
1699-1700, Mr. Rust sold him an acre of land "beginning at the brook 
commonly called Saltingstall's Brook," running twelve rods on the road, 
and fifteen rods back, with all "houses, tan-yard, trees, fences, orchard, etc." 
and the benefit of half the brook (13: 270). Norton married Mercy Rust, 
the glover's daughter, and on June 18, 1701, he bought the residue of Mr. 
Rust's property, seven acres of arable and pasture land (23: 252). 

Mr. Rust's dwelling stood where the Meeting House of the South Church 
is now located. He sold this to his son-in-law, Mr. Norton, and Capt. 

I The old Merrifleld house waa purchaaed by Mrs. D. F. Appletou, and torn 
down In May, 1907. It was evident that the frame was largely that of a seventeenth 
century house. The oak summers or main floor beams were the counterpart of those 
In the ancient Whipple house, althougli the lower side including tlie moulded edges 
had been hewn away and boxed in, to suit the later fashions. Portions of a wooden 
partition, with the same rude tooling that occurs in the Whipple house, were found, 
but not in their original place. A single corner post with chamfered edge in the 
second story, the ancient door post with slots for the wooden latcli of the front door 
and the bar which locked it, and the massive oak floor joists attested an original house 
of the earliest period, the old whitewash revealing an original unplastered ceiling. 
The huge fire places had been remodelled, but the dimensions of the chimney, and 
the use of soft bricks laid in clay showed that it was built at a very early period. 

The windows, however, were of alaterperiod, and had never been changed. No 



AND SAMUEL APPLETOn's FARM, 3 

Daniel Ringe, March 9, 1710 (23:76) and their joint ownership continued 
until Nov. 4, 1723, when they sold to Ammi Ruhamah Wise (41 : 264). By 
that year, the venerable mansion under the great elm had been built, and 
here Deacon Norton lived the rest of his days. His son, Thomas, a grad- 
uate of Harvard and teacher for some years of the Grammar School, in- 
herited the estate. His will was probated in 1750 (Pro. Rec. 329:453-5). 
The inventory is very elaborate, and includes the dwelling house, and home- 
stead, valued at £266-13-4, the upper house, £80, a negro woman called 
Phillis, and a valuable stock of leatlier. Thomas, the eldest son, received 
the dwelling with the tan-yard, pits, etc. (Pro. Rec. 330: 426), and sold the 
whole estate to Dummer Jewett, July 24, 1771 (129:99). His widow sold 
to the County of Essex, " to be improved and used as a house of correction" 
Jan. 21, 1791 (154:9). 

. The prison was built on the adjoining land to the northward and was 
surrounded by a high fence. The old Norton dwelling was used as the 
keeper's house. Though vague reports of dungeons in the cellar were cur- 
rent in later years, no evidence of such was found, when the building was 
torn down. 

A new jail and prison were built on the present County property and 
the old mansion and eight acres were sold to Asa Brown, April 22, 1828 
(250:16), who added a wing on the north side. When the new Meeting 
House of the South Church was built in 1837, he bought the old Rust-Norton 
house, and removed it to the ancient tan-yard site, where it was remodelled 
and became the sightly dwelling now owned and occupied by Henry 
Brown, A large tract adjoining the ancient Saltonstall lot was also acquired 
by Asa Brown, and this will now be considered. 

From this point to the ancient Potter farm, now owned by George 
E, Barnard, the long strip bounded by the highway on the east, and the 
river on the west, was divided into lots, approximately six acres, and ap- 
portioned probably by grant of the Town, though only a smgle record re- 
mains. This land was assigned usually to residents of the south side and was 
used for tillage and pasturage.^ In the earliest yearsnohouse would have been 
permitted, as the General Court in 1635 forbade any house more than half a 
mile from the meeting-house, "except mill-houses and farm houses, of such 
as have their dwelling-houses in the same town." 

bricks were found in the walls, though a large portion of the boards were daubed with 
clay on the inner side, as though they had been used formerly with a clay filling. The 
house faced the east, while the earliest dwellings generally, if not invariably, faced 
the south. The carpenter's marks on the frame were frequently out of pl.ice. 

The conclusion that forces itself upon us is that a large portion of the material 
of an earlier house, of the same dimensions, were utilized in the dwelling just re- 
moved, and that this older house occupied the same site. 

The pedigree of the lot, given in Ipswich in the Mass. Bay Colony, pp. 465-467 
makes it certain that Richard Saltonstall's house must have stood near this spot, and 
It is almost impossible to doubt that the early dwelling, which hae been revealed, was 
none other than the original house of Mr. Saltonstall, built in 1635 or 1636. The Later 
building seems to have been erected early in the 18th century. 

» It is called a "common field" in Joseph Young-love's deed, to Thomas Manning, 



4 THE OLD BAY ROAD FROM SALTONSTALL S BROOK 

Nathaniel Rogers's Lower Pasture. 

Lots Nos. 2 and 3 on Diagram. 
Rev. Nathaniel Rogers, pastor of the Ipswich church, whose dwelling 
was very near the "Gables, "owned two of these six acre lots, one of which, 
abutting on Mr. Saltonstall's, was granted by the Town (Town Record, 
1649). Mr. Rogers bequeathed his estate to his sons, John, then his col- 
league, afterwards President of Harvard College, and Samuel. By the in- 
denture of division, which they agreed upon, Pres. John received the home- 
stead and these two lots, bounded by the land sometime Mr. Saltonstall's, 
north, and Thomas Burnam's land, south, March 4, 1684 (Ips. Deeds 5:146). 

Thomas Burnam's Lot. 

No. 4 on Diagram. 

John Rogers, the eldest son of President John, Pastor of the Ipswich 
church, inherited the pasture lot upon the death of his father, July 2, 1684. 
He enlarged it April 20, 1693 (39:45) by the purchase of six and a half acres 
upland and swamp from Thomas Burnam, son of the original owner. His 
deed records the item, "which I had of my father by deed of gift bearing 
date of Jan. 1, 1687." 

William Hubbard's Lot. 

No. 5 on Diagram. 

Madame Elizabeth Rogers, widow of President John, on March 26, 
1685 bought the six acre lot of upland and meadow adjoining the Thomas 
Burnam lot on the south, of Rev. William Hubbard, who had married 
Margaret, daughter of Rev. Natlianiel and sister of her husband. (Ips. 
Deeds 5:146). This lot also became the property of Rev. John, the Pastor of 
the Ipswich church, and he thus owned four of the original six acre divi- 
■ions. In his will, (approved Jan. 6, 1745,) he gave the two lots abutting on 
Thomas Norton, part of his lower pasture, to his son Samuel, a phy- 
sician, who built and occupied the house now owned by Frank T. Good- 
hue, and the two others, to his son John, Pastor of the church at Kittery 
(326:460-4). The Kittery Pastor sold the lot adjoining his brother to 
Samuel, before May 6, 1746, and his other lot to his brother Daniel, after- 
ward Pastor for life at Exeter, May 6, 1746 (90: 272). 

Samuel became the owner of three of the original lots by this purchase, 
numbered 2, 3 and 4. He divided them into two "ten acre" lots and sold 
the southern lot to Richard Manning, May 7, 1755 (102:138) and the north- 
ern half to Col. John Choate and Abraham Choate, May 19, 1757 (103:245). 
Col. Choate and William Choate sold to John Heard, June 6, 1776(135:263), 
and John Heard conveyed it to Michael Brown, Novem. 20, 1832 (268:78). 

Richard Manning bought the adjoining lot of Rev. Daniel Rogers, 
June 27, 1759 (106:214). He was the son of Thomas Manning, the black- 
BDoith, who had forged manacles and fetters for the witches in 1692,' and 

1 Ipswich in Mans. Bay Colony, p. 294. 



AND SAMUEL APPLETON'S FARM. 5 

whose house and sliop it may be presumed as well, occupied the William 
Kinsman lot, now owned by Mrs. Joseph R. Wilson. The elder Manning had 
purchased the two original lots adjoining. 

Samuel Younglove's Lot. 

No. 6 OQ Diagram. 

Samuel Younglove, the first known proprietor of the lot numbered 6, 
had conveyed it to his son Joseph, "my lot of upland in the field on the 
Bouthside" containing six acres, Nov. 19, 1687 (Ips. Deeds 5:298) and Joseph 
sold to Thomas Manning the same lot, "lying within a comon field on y" 
south side of the Mill River, containing eight acres," March 31, 1696 
(11:103). 

Dea. William Goodhue's Lot. 

No. 7 on Diagram. 

The lot numbered 7 was owned by Dea. William Goodhue, whose 
house was on the lot now occupied by the Parsonage of the South Church. 
John Goodhue, his grandson, conveyed it to liis brother William, "y^ 8 acre 
lot by Windmill Hill,' lying between the land of Mr. Nath. Rogers and Mr. 
Thomas Manning," Jan. 9, 1699-1700 (14: 225). The Goodhue heirs gave 
a deed of this lot, again called a six acre lot, to Manning, Jan. 18, 1699-1700 
(13: 275, 276.) Thomas Manning's will was proved May23, 1737, (Pro. Rec. 
322:49-53) and it bequeathed to his son Richard, "all the land I bought of 
Joseph Younglove and the Goodhues, containing eighteen or twenty acres, 
be the same more or less." 

Richard Manning was now the owner of four of the original divisions 
numbers 4, 5, 6 and 7. He sold the six acre lot which he had bought of 
Rev. Daniel Rogers to Samuel Chipman of Salem, June 29, 1759 (107:9) 
and the ten acre lot adjoining, which he had bought of Samuel Rogers, to 
Dr. Joseph Manning, June 26, 1765 (116:20.) Anstice Chipman, widow of 
Samuel, sold her lot to Dr. Manning, March 23^ 1774 (133: 75). 

On Nov. 6, 1770, Capt. Richard Manning conveyed the Goodhue- 
Younglove lots which he had inherited to his daughters. To the widow 
Anstice Chipman and Mary Barker, wife of Ephraim Barker of Stratham, 
N. H., he conveyed a twelve acre lot adjoining the lot owned by Samuel 
Chipman, and another lot of equal size to Martha Talton, wife of Stiles 
Talton of New Market, N. H., and Priscilla Heath, wife of William Heath 
of Salem (122:275). 

Dr. Joseph Manning bequeathed the " River Pasture," 12 J acres, to his 
son. Dr. John, the famous physician, and 2^ acres in the southwest cor- 
ner of the same, to his son Jacob, June 6, 1786 (Pro. Rec. 358: 374). He 
had previously acquired the adjoining land, the interest of Anstice Chip- 
nam in an "undivided moiety of 8^ acres," conveyed to her and Mary 

1 The name Windmill Hill is still retained. Undoubtedly a windmill was built 
somewhere on this breezy height, but nothing is known of its location. 



6 THE OLD BAY ROAD FROM SALTONSTALL S BROOK 

Barker by Richard Manning, Oct., 23 1775 (134: 150) and he bought the 
interest of the heirs of Ephraim Barker "in 3 acres and three eighths, given 
to their mother by their gi-andfather," August 19, 1793 (156: 278). Jacob 
Manning sold the whole tract, estimated as containing 12 acres, to his 
brother, Dr. John, August 26, 1793 (167:132). 

Dr. Manning sold the River Pasture, he had inJierited, and the lot, he 
had bought of Jacob, 26^ acres in all, to Bemsly Smith, March 29, 1809 
(186:157) and he conveyed it to Ammi Brown, Gent., Michael Brown, 
white-smith, and Asa Andrews, the Town lawyer, April 15, 1811 (193: 52). 
By the terms of the deed, Andrews owned an undivided half, and he sold 
this interest to the other proprietors and John Heard, April 28, 1812 (200: 
175). Mr. Heard sold the Choate lot and tlie Asa Andrews interest to 
Michael Brown, Nov. 20, 1832 (268: 78). Brown acquired the title to the 
whole tract before his death. His executors sold this, in three fields, the 
Heard lot, 7^ acres (325:99) a 12^ acre lot (325:119) and a llA acre lot, 
the Choate lot, to Asa Brown, April 23, 1841 (325:127). His purchase of 
the Saltonstall lot has been mentioned already. 

He became now the owner of the large tract reaching from the Brook 
to the land nov/ owned by Wallace P. Willett. He mortgaged 15 acres 
to Asa Brown Potter, adjoining the Willett land, "being the Manning lot, 
and part of the Heard lot," Oct. 3, 1860 (613:74) and conveyed his whole 
estate to Increase H. Brown, his brother, Oct. 28, 1862 (643:243). He 
conveyed to their sister, Mrs. Rhoda Brown Potter, April 28, 1866 (701: 
230). Asa also executed a deed to Mrs. Potter of the same with the con- 
dition that she pay what he owed Jonathan Sargent and the mortgages, 
Feb. 11, 1867 (743:198). Mrs. Potter sold 35 acres, retaining 5 acres with 
her homestead, to Edward B. Wildes, May 1, 1871 (822: 114), who built 
the mansion on tlie hill. His widow sold the estate to Lester E. Libby, 
Aug. 16, 1901 (1650:284). 

Henry Brown, who had inherited the estate of Mrs. Potter, bought 
2i acres of the Wildes property, June 8, 1903 (1710:348). This increased 
his lot to about 8 acres, a.nd the present line of division must coincide very 
nearly with the original line between Saltonstall and PiOgers. By the 
terms of the sale, Mr. Brown was obliged to remove the ancient Norton 
mansion near the great elm, and it was torn down, still stout and strong. 
Its walls were filled with brick, and its oak beams were massive and finely 
finished. Picturesque in architecture and in location, its destruction was 
a matter of general regret. John H. Procter bought the Wildes mansion 
and 14 acres. May 8, 1903 (1706:40). The balance of the land, 20 acres, 
was purchased by Mrs. Anna P. Peabody, Oct. 5, 1904 (1757:181). She 
has transformed the bare pastures into the beautiful estate, to which the 
name, Floriana, has now been given. 

She also acquired the John H. Procter property, Jan. 8, 1907 (1857: 
355) so that her title covers tlie original lots of Rev. Nathaniel Rogers 
and his descendants, of Thomas Burnham, Rev. William Hubbard and 
Samuel Younglove. 

The seventh lot in the old Common field, it has been said, was owned 



AND SAMUEL APPLETON S FARM / 

by Dea. William Goodhue, by his grandsons Jo!m and AVilliam, and other 
heirs, by Thomas Manning and his son Capt. Richard, who gave it in equal 
divisions to his daughters, Martha Talton and Priscilla Heath. Stilman 
Talton of Newmarket and Martlia, sold 4^ acres, her whole interest, to 
William Appleton, Sept. 20, 1775 (134:156). It was inherited by Daniel 
Thurston, his son-in-law, and sold by him to Jarnes Potter and by Thomas 
Brown, Jun., guardian of the minor children of James, to the widow, Rhoda 
B. Potter, called 'The Appleton lot' Nov. 26, 1839 (326:4). She con- 
veyed it to Symmes Potter, May 4, 1846 (368: 6). 

William Heath and Priscilla sold her lot to George Norton, Dec. 27, 
1774 (133:258) who conveyed to Daniel Rogers, Jan. 7,1783 (140:217). 
Its later history is merged in that of the lots adjoining on the south. 



Rev. Nathaniel Rogers's Upper Pasture and Isaiah Woods's Lot. 

Lots No8. S, 9 and 10 on Diagram. 

The eighth and ninth lots were owned by Rev. Nathaniel Rogers, and 
known as the upper pastiu'e. In the indenture of division of the estate 
(Ips. Deeds 5:146), these lots were apportioned to Pres. John Rogers of 
Harvard, bounded north by land of William Goodhue, "south by land of 
said John Rogers, purchased of Isaiah Wood," March 4, 1684. His pur- 
chase of the tenth lot is not known from any other source. 

Rev. Nathaniel Rogers of Portsmouth succeeded in the ownership, 
probably by inheritance, and sold the 20 acres of arable and pasture land, 
with a small house and barn, to his brother. Rev. John Rogers, Pastor of 
the Ipswich Church, November 7, 1706(39:46). We may presume tliat 
the house and barn rnay have been occupied by Isaiah Wood, from whom 
Pres. John bought a lot. No trace of these buildings can be found. Rev. 
John bequeathed the southern half of the upper pasture, bounded by the 
land of Robert Potter on the south , to his son Rev. Nathaniel, his colleague 
and successor, and the northern half, abutting on Mr. Manning's land to 
his son. Rev. Daniel of Exeter (proved Jan. 6, 1745 326:460-4). The 
heirs of the latter sold the lot, 11 acres, on April 28, and May 20, 1786, to 
Daniel Rogers of Ipswich (146:151). 

After the death of Mr. Rogers, partition of the tract was made, 16 acres 
in all, as he had previously bought the 4^ acre lot of George Norton. A 
third was set off to George Haskell by the Court of Common Pleas, Sept. 
term, 1839, and the balance to Martha and Mary Ann Rogers. The 
latter sold their portion to Capt. Symmes Potter, Feb. 15, 1840 (317: 
118) and George Haskell sold to him Jan. 4, 1841 (323:219). He bought 
the Appleton lot adjoining, as has been stated, and enlarged his holding 
to twenty acres. By the will of Capt. Potter, who v/as lost at sea, his 
eister, Mrs. Julia P. Willett, received his landed estate, 1859 (Pro. Rec. 
420: 46) and she bequeathed it to her son, Wallace P. Willett, the present 
owner. Four gates in the stone wall still indicate the the several lots in- 
cluded in the single large field. 



8 THE OLD BAY ROAD FROM SALTONSTALL 'S BROOK 

The ten acre lot, wliich Rev. Nathaniel Rogers inherited in 1745, 
came into the possession of tlie Potters, who owned the large area beyond. 
In 1766, it had been divided. In that year, Richard Potter sold Daniel 
Potter, Jr., 5J acres, the southern half (126:173) and Daniel Potter sold 
Daniel Jr., the other half, 5^ acres of upland and meadow, with a house, 
barn and joiner's shop. May 31, 1769 (126:174). Daniel Potter conveyed 
this property to Moses Willett, Nov. 20, 1810 (192: 75) but it reverted to 
the Potter family and Daniel Potter sold the land and buildings to William 
H. Chapman of Salem, May 24, 1850 (429: 20). Chapman sold to Rev. 
Daniel Fitz, D.D., Pastor of the Soutli Church, the acreage being given as 
fourteen. Mar. 31, 1854 (492: 34.) He conveyed to George W. Brown, Mar. 
31, 1856 (529: 92), who sold to Asa Wade, Dec. 27, 1862 (646: 75). Mr. 
Wade sold the estate, reserving for the small house standing on the prem- 
ises, built by Mr. Winslow, the privilege of retaining it two years, to Isaac 
F. Dobson, the present owner, Oct. 28, 1881 (1069: 42). The dwelling is 
apparently the same that appears in the deed of Daniel Potter of 1769 
and was built before that date. 

John Dane's Lot. 

No. 11 on Diagnini. 
John Dane owned the lot, numbered 11, in 1661, and Nathaniel 
Smith in 1706, by the deeds of adjoining lots, and Robert Potter owned 
and occupied in 1745. In the division of his estate, half the house and 
a piece of land 18 rods deep, 6 rods 8 links wide, was set off to the widow 
Mary, April 4, 1778 (Pro. Rec. 353: 92). The administrator, Moses Potter, 
quitclaimed his interest in the estate to Stephen Brown, 3*^, April 8, 1778 
(149: 262). Walter Brown inherited and bought the interest of Joseph 
Boardinan in the nine acres and half the house, April 2, 1824 (235: 69). 
The other half of the house was bequeathed by Mary Brown to her relative 
Sally Berry, "as full remuneration for all care, labour and attention of 
every sort and kind bestowed on me during my life," Feb. 3, 1846 (Pro- 
Rec. 413: 291). The widow Sally Berry, sold this to Capt. Symmes Potter, 
April 13, 1848 (395: 258) and he conveyed it to Walter Brown, with a part 
of the lot, Jan. 15, 1857 (611: 37). The administrator of Walter Brown 
sold to Asa Wade, June 9, 1863, (652: 178). He owned the adjoining 
estate and moved the house from its original location near the road to the 
rear of the barn, where it still stands. The later history of this lot is that 
of the farm, of vvliich it became a part. 

John Hoyt's Lot. 

No. 12 on Diagram. 
In the year 1641, the Town Record lias the following entry, concern- 
ing the twelfth of these river side lots: 

" Granted to John Hoy t six acres of planting ground at the Mile 
brook having the Mile brook on the South Ipswich River on 
the Northwest a planting lott of John Danes on the Northeast 
and tlie Comon of the Towne of Ipswich on the Southeast." 



AND SAIMUEL APPLETON's FARM. 9 

Thomas Hartshorne of Reading and Sarah, his wife, who was relict of 
William Lampson, late of Ipswich, sold to Anthony Potter, 

"our dwelling house & other outhousing with the orchard & a 
parcel of upland & meadow containing sixteen acres on the 
South side of the river witliin the common fence bounded with 
mile brook towards the west the Mill River towards the North 
John Danes land toward the East the comon South." 

December 11, 1661 (Ips. Deeds 4: 437). 

The lot is the same in both records beyond question, though its area is 6 
acres in the grant and 16 acres in the deed, and diverse compass directions 
appear in the bounds. Potter soon enlarged his modest farm. John 
Appleton, son of Samuel, the immigrant, sold him 16 acres, having the 
Mile brook on 

"tiie east Mill River on the North the land of Lieut Samuel Apple- 
ton west and other land of Potters formerly William Goodhues 

toward the south." 

Dec. 22, 1664 

(Ips. Deeds 2:221). 

Dea. Goodhue's deed of sale of the lot mentioned in the above deed is 
not recorded, but a later deed records another conveyance by Dea. Good- 
hue to Potter for £35 

"of 11 acres together with 7 acres which was sometimes W" 
Lampsons in the whole 18 acres," bounded by Lieut. Apple- 
ton's, his own land and the brook, March 12, 1671 (Ips. Deeds 
3:220). 

This completed his estate, which included the farms, now owned by the 

Oliver Smith heirs and George E. Barnard. Strangely enough, ten years 

later Samuel Appleton Sen., executed a deed of sale to Anthony Potter 

Sen., for £110, os. of the same lot already sold him, 18 acres and 62 rods, 

"a part of my farm lying between the Great River and Myle 

brook bounded from the gate post at the highway to Boston to 

a small oake by the great River which are two bounds having 

the land of the sd Appleton on the Southwest and from the 

small oake to the great River coming to sd Potters land on the 

northwest and the land of sd Potter on the northeast on the east 

by myle brooke from sd Potters land up to the gate post at the 

highway to Boston, " 

"provided it was always intended that what damage the sd 
Anthony Potter shall sustain by water that comes from the sd. 
Appletons dam upon any of the above land that the sd Potter 
and his suscessors shall bear it and that the sd Appleton and his 
successors shall have the liberty of a highway to the Towne by 
the great River through the sd land as heretofore," with pro\ ision 
for fence etc. 10-11-1681 dps. Deeds 4: 486). 
The original grant to Samuel Appleton was bounded by the River and by 
Mile Brook, and the Appleton title seems not to have been extinguished 



10 THE OLD BAY ROAD FROM SALTONSTALL's BROOK 

although Dea. Goodhue had sold two lots in this tract. John Appleton, 

son of Samuel, gave the deed for the first lot. 

On March 14, 1693, Joseph Calef, Thomas Potter and .\ntony Potter 

were granted liberty to dam the water and build a fulling mill on Mile brook. 

The mill was not built apparently, as Edmund Potter, Abraham Tilton, Jr. 

and .Antony Potter petitioned to set up a dam and grist mill in Mile brook, 

near the house of Thomas Potter, not to damnify Col. Appleton 's saw mill. 

This was granted March 24, 1696, and the mill was built. The dam and 

an old mill building still remain. 

Thomas Potter had a house therefore near this dam and mill in 1696, 

but the land seems to have belonged to Samuel Potter. By his will, Samuel 

bequeathed 

" to son Samuel besides what I have given him a deed of on y'' south- 
erly side of y*" brook I give him . . . all my land on y' side of sd brook. 
. . . He shall always have an outlett to ye Town Common from his house 
to y* Common as y"^ way now goes." 
To his son Thomas 

"all lands on y"^ north side the brook and after wife's decease all lands 
housings" etc. 

Proved Aug. 2, 1714 

(Pro. Rec. 311:173-5). 

Thomas Potter was the owner therefore, from 1714, of the principal part of 
the present Barnard farm, but Thomas and Antony Potter sold to Thomas 
Norton, tanner, whose establishment and dwelling were near Saltonstall's 
brook, 13 acres, bounded by Antony Potter, north, Thomas and Antony, 
northwest, and Thomas Potter, southwest. March 7, 1733 (86: 70). 
Daniel Potter succeeded to the ownership and sold to his son, Richard, the 
house and 16 acres, beginning at tlie corner of Robert Potter's shop, and 
bounded on the other side by the brook, "as it rims to tlie land of Tliomas 
Norton, then on land of Richard Potter and Jonathan Potter to first 
bounds." July 5, 1762 (119:155). 

Richard Potter married the widow Lydia S>nnmes, their publishment 
being announced on Feb. 16, 1760, and a daughter, Sarah, was baptized Dec. 
28, 1760. She lived to be 89 years old, and in her old age used to tell very 
interesting stories of her childhood, which are remembered by her grand- 
nephew Wallace P. Willett. The house in which she was born was not on 
the same spot as the present dwelling, but occupied the site of the original 
house. In her childhood, a heavy growth of oaks and hickories yet re- 
mained near the river, and from the swamp the cries of wolves and other 
wild animals were plainly heard at night. Her mother in turn had told her 
of her own childhood in the ancient 'garrison house,' on the same spot 
built of logs and surrounded by a stockade or wall of logs, some ten feet 
high, with loopholes for musket fire in case of Indian attack. The Indians 
were friendly 'and came frequently to the house for food and tobacco. Grad- 
ually their attitude became less friendly and the dwellers in the lonely house 
began to plan for their safety in case of an Indian assault. The cellar was 



AND SAMUEL APPLETON'S FARM. 11 

built up with logs, and by removing .some of these a little closet or cave was 
dug and cleverly concealed. 

One day, when the men were at work in the fields, and the mother of 
the household was busy with her dinner, the little girl discovered Indians 
landing from their canoes in war-paint and fullyarmed. The mother sawthat 
it was impossible to give the alarm. Hurrying the children into the cellar, 
she threw open the gate of the stockade, and dropped her hood and shawl 
as though they had been lost in the flight of the family, then, rushing back, 
she opened the log shelter and hid with her children. 

The cunning ruse deceived the Indians. They entered, helped them- 
selves to the dinner, and smoked at their leisure, doing no damage, how- 
ever, to the house or furniture. Finally two or three sought the pork barrel 
in the cellar, and the poor children nearly died from fright, lest the slightest 
noise should betray their presence. But the Indians had no suspicion, and 
having helped themselves from the friendly barrel, they withdrew, and the 
whole band returned to their canoes. 

This ancient tradition of the early days is a true picture, no doubt, of 
the anxiety and fear which beset every family on the outskirts of the vil- 
lages for many years. The statement that it was a garrison house is very 
interesting. The committee for Essex Coxmty reported in March 1675-6 
that Ipswich was well defended with its fort about the meeting house and 
the garrison houses.' Tlie location of the latter is not given, but it is very 
probable that the scattered families dwelling in this neighborliood would 
have had at least one well defended house for a common refuge. 

Richard Potter bequeathed his estate to his son Jonathan (proved Oct. 
5, 1789. Pro. Rec. 360:290). James, the son of Jonathan, acquired the 
interest of Julia Ann, who became the wife of Levi Willett (Aug. 28, 1832) 
and Symmes, Oct. 30, 1837 (303:160). His widow, Mrs. Rhoda B. Potter, 
sold the farm, now including the whole tract except the Norton lot, 30 acres 
in all, to Capt. Symmes Potter, May 4, 1846 (368: 6). Asa Wade bought of 
Capt. Potter, Feb. 12, 1857 (547:96) and the Walter Brown lot in 1863. 
He sold to Charles A. Campbell, March, 20, 1894 (1406: 500), and he, in 
turn, to George E. Barnard, Oct. 20, 1899 (1 591 : 475). Under the hand of 
the last two owners, the ancient farm has become a beautiful estate, to 
which the name Riverbend is happily given. 

The thirteen acre lot, sold to Thomas Norton in 1733, was sold by 
Daniel Potter to Moses Willett, Nov. 20, 1810(192:75). The administrator 
of Willett sold "the Potter lot," ten and a quarter acres, to William Man- 
ning, March 8, 1820 (270: 36). Mr. Manning built the house and barn and 
lived here until his death. His heirs sold to George Fellows, Sept. 7, 1860 
(612: 246), the Fellows heirs to Willard B. and William H. Kinsman, April 
13, 1883 (1105: 201). Mr. Albert W. Smith bought of the Kinsman heirs. 
May 24, 1894 (1412:499) and sold to Asa Bumham, Dec. 14, 1895 (1465: 
274), Bumham to Mrs.La\ania A. Brown, April 15, 1902 (1670:312) who 
conveyed to Mrs. Lavinia Campbell, wife of Chas. A. Campbell, Oct. 27, 

1 Maes. Archives Book 68 leaf 184. Ipswich in Mass. Bay Colouy, pp. 207, 208. 



12 THE OLD BAY ROAD FROM SALTONSTALL 's BROOK 

1904 (1758:111). George E. Barnard bought the house and ten acres, but 
the 23 acre "Smith lot" on the east side of the highway was retained by 
Mr. Campbell, and is included in liis estate. 

The remainder of the ancient Potter farm was in the possession of 
Samuel Potter, as we have noted, in 1714. He bequeathed his estate to his 
son Samuel, (proved Feb. 29, 1747 Pro. Rec. 327:508-9), but Richard sold 
Samuel a 14 acre lot, fronting on the road, and bounded by Oliver and 
Nathaniel Appleton's land on the south, April 3, 1775 (134:125). Moses 
Willett acquired possession and the widow Martha sold at auction to her 
sons George and Levi, and conveyed her dower as well, April 1, 1830 (257: 
36). The Ipswich Bank foreclosed and took the property, and sold the 
"Willett Farm" about 80 acres, to Daniel Whipple, April 7, 1840 (321:3). 
Calvin Whipple sold to Harriet C. Smith, April 3, 1868 (744: 70), and her 
heirs still own. 

Rev. Nathaniel Rogers's Gravel Pit Pasture. 

Returning now to the east side of the old liighway, the " Gravel Pit 
Pasture" as it was called, including all the land from Saltonstall's brook to 
"Parting Paths," was granted probably to Rev. Nathaniel Rogers. It 
was sold by Daniel Rogers, his grandson, and son of Pres. John, to Jonathan 
Wade, who bequeathed " the pasture I purchased of Mr. Daniel Rogers, 
commonly called Gravel Pit Pasture," to his tliree granddaugliters. The 
inventory gives its area as 20 acres but it was divided into three lots of 10 
acres each. Tlie northern lot was assigned to Ehzabeth (Cogswell) Farley, 
wife of Capt. Jolm Farley, the middle one to Abigail Cogswell, who mar- 
ried Thomas Pickard of Rowley, the southern lot to Susanna Cogswell, 
who became the wife of Moses Treadwell, in 1749 (Pro. Rec. 329:133). 

Mr. Pickard sold the ten acres settled on his wife to Nathaniel Farley, 
April 7, 1766(125:237), who conveyed to Abraham Choate, April 18,1769 
(125:231). Samuel Kinsman was the next owner, and he sold to Asa 
Baker, March 26, 1789 (149:264). Baker acquired the interest of Capt. 
John Farley, the northern di\ision. In the distribution of his estate, ten 
acre lots were set off to Dorcas Brown and Polly, the wife of Michael Brown, 
April 6, 1814. After Michael's death, Polly sold the whole twenty acres 
with the new dwelling and bam to Ira Worcester, reserving to the Town 
right to dig gravel, April 23, 1841 (324 : 95). This pit was sold to Worcester 
by the Town, Aug. 9, 1854 (509: 293). A brick powder house of the familiar 
conical shape was built on the estate by the Town in 1792. Mr. Worcester 
sold Jane Rowell the half acre lot on which she built a dweUing now owned 
by Mr. Henry P. Homans, Aug. 31, 1865 (697: 274) and the remainder to 
Ellen M. Burnham, wife of Frank H. Burnham, reserving right to the Town 
to keep the powder house, April 18, 1871 (821: 150). The Town attached 
no interest unfortunately to the picturesque structure, and it fell into ruin 
and disappeared. Albert S. Brown purchased the estate from Mrs. 
Burnham's heirs, Feb. 27, 1889 (1243: 514) and occupies it. 

The third di\'ision was sold by Moses Treadwell and Susanna (Cogs- 



6- K 

re t 
° > 




AND SAMUEL APPLETON 'S FARM. 13 

well) to their brother-in-law Capt. John Farley, May 13, 1773 (138:151). 
Executions against Farley were granted to John Adams, Benj. Merrill, 
Aaron Perley andi Sarah Willet, July 10, 1820. (Exec. No. 3: 211, 212, 213a, 
213b, 221). A six acre lot was assigned to Aaron Perley and sold by him 
to Ira Worcester and was included in his transfer to Mrs. Burnham. Sarah 
Willet was assigned an interest in one acre and Adams and Merrill received 
the balance. Merrill sold his interest to Jeremiah Kimball, Jr., Jan. 24, 
1824 (692:47). Adams sold to the same, March 24, 1824 (692: 46) and 
Sarah Willet had already sold him her interest Novem. 24, 1823 (256:28). 
Jeremiah gave the four acre lot thus acquired to his son, Charles Kimball, 
Dec. 11, 1839 (692:47) who sold to Maynard Whittier, Dec. 26, 1873 (900: 
105). Mr. Whittier built the house, and still makes his home here. 

The Inner Common of the South Eighth. 

Lots Nob. 14 to 19. 

The great tract of pasture, meadow and swamp, bounded by County 
Road, Essex Road, the Candlewood Road, Fellows Lane and Lakeman's 
Lane, was a part of the common land of the Town, and when the great area 
of common lands was divided into Eighths in 1709,' it became part of the 
division known as the South Eighth. The South Eighth was divided again 
into several sections, Gould's Pasture, Ringe's Pasture, Walker's Island, 
etc. and this tract, bounded as above, which was known as The Inner Com- 
mon or Pasture of the South Eighth. The Town voted in 1709, 

"That any conunoner who has one or more rights and has built one 
or more new houses in the place of old ones shall have only the right for 
a new house which belonged to the old one." 

The list of old and new commoners as they were styled was settled and 
the right of pasturage in these commons was restricted to these commoners, 
who were invariably residents of the section of the Town nearest to these 
several Eigliths. A few years later, we find the proprietors of these Eighths 
had become incorporated and each had its own organization, transacted 
business and kept its own record. So far as known to me, the ancient 
records of the "Thick Woods and Pigeon Hill Eighth," now in the posses- 
sion of the heirs of D. F. Appleton, and the Jeffries Neck Eighth are the 
only ones that have been preserved. About 1726, the proprietors of 
the Inner Common began to apportion individual shares and gradually 
division lines were run and individual titles were established. 

Francis Crompton's Lot. 

No. 14 on Diagram. 
Beginning with the lot on the south corner of County Road and Essex 
Road which is alluded to as the "Parting of the way leading to Chebacco," 
in 1732 (61:115) and "y" parting of y* paths" in 1738 (77.23) Francis 

1 See Ipswich in Mass. Bay Colony, p. 73, and Chap, on Common Lands. 



14 THE OLD BAY ROAD FROM SALTONSTALL's BROOK 

Crompton, the inn-keeper, whose famous hostelry was nearly opposit-e the 
present Heard mansion, owned about 19 acres. By his will, (proved March 
16, 1730, Pro. Rec. 319:209-212.) 9i acres on the corner of the Windmill 
Hill Pastiu"e was assigned to his daughter Hannah Perkins. A 5^ acre lot 
adjoining and fronting on the way to Chebacco was assigned to Ann Cromp- 
ton and 4 acres, the eastern lot, was settled on the widow Hannah. 

The daughters sold their interest to Thomas Manning, the blacksmith, 
Dec. 1, 1732 (61:115). He bequeathed to his sons, Joseph and Richard 
(will proved May 23, 1737 Pro. Rec. 322: 49-53). Dr. Joseph's half in- 
cluded the land on the comer, Richard's half faced the County Road, south 
of Joseph's. The widow Crompton's third was sold to Philemon Dane prior 
to 1742 (104: 77 "Dane's other land") whose heirs conveyed to Dr. Manning 
in 1758, 1762 and 1764 (116:121, 122). The deed of Paul Little of Fal- 
mouth describes it as "the house and garden I purchased of James Dean," 
but no other allusion to the dwelling occurs and it must have disappeared 
about this time. Dr. Joseph Manning purchased a six acre lot of his 
brother, Richard, June 1, 1768 (123:169) and an orchard lot of one acre, 
Nov. 6, 1770 (123:194). By this purchase he became the owner of the en- 
tire Crompton lot. 

He sold it in three lots to his son Jacob, March 1, 1779 (138:93) Feb. 1, 
1781, and July 8, 1782 (141:7). Jacob conveyed to Dr. John Manning, 
Nov. 16, 1804 (175:119), Manning sold to Thomas Beckford, Jan. 4, 1805 
(175:249), Beckford to John Heard, Feb. 25, 1814 (209:105), Heard to 
Richard Potter, Nov. 2, 1832 (276:195). Potter sold the lot containing 
16 acres or more with buildings' to Henry Wilson, Jr., April 30, 1846 (374: 
105). Other transfers followed, to S. S. Skinner, March 31, 1847 (485:128), 
to Daniel C. Manning of Salem, May 21, 1862 (637:235), to Jolm C. Carlisle, 
April 1, 1865 (682:55). Ira B. Carlisle, bro. of John, conveyed it to Wm. G. 
Brown and Abram D. Wait, April 4, 1871 (822:269). 

The lot was divided by tliem. Land on the corner and the buildings 
were sold to William Kimball, Sept. 14, 1877 (984:7). His widow and 
daughters sold their interest in 8 acres to William Kimball, Jr., son of the 
deceased, March 15, 1887 (1193:113). Mr. Lewis H. Pingree purchased 
the interest of William in the house and a part of the land, March 13, 
1906 (1817:246). Mr. Kimball sold the remainder of the lot to George 
E. Barnard, Oct. 19, 1906 (1846:105). 

A small lot, 200 ft. front, 100 ft. deep, on County Road, was sold to 
Alfred Norman, Sept. 11, 1875 (936: 165) who conveyed to Margaret Buzzell 
wife of Isaac, Feb. 3, 1877 (970:214). A house was built which is still 
owned by the Buzzell heirs. 

A larger lot, south of the Buzzell lot, was sold to Wallace P. Willett, 
Aug. 30, 1875 (936:246) and was included in his sale to Frances E. Richard- 
son, May 17, 1902, which will be noted more particularly in the sketch of the 
adjoining lot. The remains of the ancient stone wall, which formed the 
original boundary of the Crompton lot, are still in place. 

' The liouse had been nuived from the Sturgis lot to this site. 



AND SAMUEL APPLETON'S FARM. 15 

Rev. John Rogers's Lot. 

No. 15 on Diagram. 

Ten acres adjoining tlie Crompton lot were "laid out," as the phrase 
was, in the division of the Common to Rev. John Rogers, Pastor of the Ips- 
wich Church, and sold by him to Thomas Norton, Jun., Oct. 16, 1741 (82: 
277). In t!ie division of his estate, the Rogers Pasture, so called; on Wind- 
mill Hill, v/as assigned to the widow, Mary. (Pro. Rec. 330:426.) It was 
acquired by Thomas, the eldest son, who sold it to Joseph Apple ton, measur- 
ing eight and a quarter acres. March 10, 1767 (123:107). Norton owned 
the next lot, as well, and he may have changea the original lines, or what is 
more likely, as Mr. Norton was a Harvard graduate and a school master, 
he may have surveyed the lot and determined its actual size. The traces 
of an old stone wall probably mark the original southern line of the Rogers 
Pasture. 

Thomas Appleton, son and heir of Joseph, sold the Rogers Pasture to 
John Crocker, April 7, 1787 (146:270), who sold to Aaron Smith, Feb. 12, 
1788 (147:133). Smith sold to Amos Jones 3 acres on May 23, 1817 (217: 
203) and the remaining 5 acres, Dec. 9, 1818 (233:10). The heirs of Jones 
sold to Patrick Riley, May 18, 1870 (798:79), who conveyed to Wallace P. 
Willett, Sept. 20, 1880 (1045:211), who already owned a part of the Man- 
ning lot as has been mentioned. He sold 5 acres, which included the latter 
and part of the Rogers Pasture, to Frances E., wife of Francis H. Richard- 
eon, May 17. 1902 (1676:384). The Richardson house stands on the Rogers 
land. 

Thomas Norton Senior's Lot. 

No. 16 on Diagram. 

The third lot in the old South Eighth Pasture was laid out to Thomas 
Norton, Sr. and was owned by Thos. Norton, Jr. in 1741. Joseph Appleton 
acquired possession and it fell to his heirs, as well as the lot already con- 
sidered. Thomas Appleton, son of Joseph, sold to John Crocker, Jr. a five 
acre lot, April 9, 1787 (146:270) and a smaller one of an acre and three 
quarters, Dec. 13, 1787 (146:107) which may have been part of the third 
original division and Crocker sold both to Daniel Ross, Feb. 10, 1789. Ross 
was a Revolutionary soldier and a cabinet maker by trade. His residence, 
known later as the Parsons house, still stands on the corner of Elm and 
County Sts. He clung tenaciously to the old order and wore his cue and 
small clothes as long as he lived. His tools are in the possession of the His- 
torical Society. As he acquired the adjoining land, the history of this lot 
is included in that of its neighbors. 

Joseph Appleton sold 6 acres to Alexander Troop, who lived on the 
Essex Road, on the lot now known as the " Hobson lot," Jan. 20, 1791 (152: 
180). Troop also owned the lot, fronting on the Essex Road, and reaching 
back of several of the lots which had their frontage on the County Road. 
His heirs sold the whole lot, including 15 acres, to John Farley, Junior, 
and Thomas Farley, the tanners, who lived near the site of the Parsonage. 



16 THE OLD BAY ROAD FROM SALTOXSTALL S BROOK 

Their barn and tan house and other buildings used by Josiah Stackpole as a 
soap factory, were torn down in 1906, and the Giles Firmin garden laid out 
on the site' The Parleys sold to Amos Jones, Feb. 17. 1820 (223:160). 
Thomas Wade acquired it, and by an exchange of adjoining land, conveyed 
the title to Daniel Ross, May 22, 1824 (235:184) who owned already the 
land on the north and south. 

Robert Calef s Lot. 

No. IT on Diagram. 
The next original lot, assigned apparently to Robert Calef, owned by 
his heirs in 1742, was sold by John Calef to John Appleton, 4J acres, Nov. 
6, 1752 (98:36). His son "William, heir of his estate, sold to Stephen Brown, 
March 16, 1807 (180:122), who sold to Daniel Ross, March 29, 1817 (213: 
28). The old soldier, ha\'ing acquired a goodly 19 acre tract by his suc- 
cessive purchases, sold the whole to Capt. Symmes Potter, Sept. 18, 1838 
(308:91), who bequeathed it with his other lands to his sister, Mrs. Julia P. 
Willett. Her son, Wallace P. inherited at her death. 

Thomas Manning's Lot. 

No. 18 on Diagram. 

Thomas Manning, the blacksmith, who bought the 20 acre lot on "Part- 
ing Paths" from Mr. Crompton, was assigned a lot of equal size, which is 
included in Charles A. Campbell's estate. In his will (proved May 23, 
1737 Pro. Rec. 322: 49-53), he bequeathed to his son Richard, his shop, 
bam and all his blacksmith tools, his negro man, Daniel, and a full third 
of the tract laid out to him in the Inner Common. He gave a third to his 
son John, and another to Joseph. The sons agreed to a division, Richard 
taking the lot adjoining the Calef land, Joseph the next, and John the 
third, on the corner of Lakeman's Lane, May 24, 1738 (77:23). | 

The Richard Manning lot was owned later by Robert and John Potter. 
The administrator of Robert sold his interest to Stephen Brown, 3"^, April 

8, 1778 (149:262). Joseph Boardman sold a quarter interest in this lot to 
Walter Brown, son of Stephen, April 2, 1824 (235:69), and he acquired a 
complete title. His administrator sold the lot, 6 acres, to Asa Wade, June 

9, 1863 (652:179) who sold to Chas. A. Campbell, Mar. 20, 1894 (1406:500). 

Dr. Joseph Manning acquired his brother's third and his son, Dr. John 
"for love and affection paid me by my daughter and one dollar," conveyed 
12 acres to Lucretia Smith, the wife of Asa, May 14, 1806 (179:169). 
Asa and Lucretia Smith sold to Richard Manning, May 22, 1817 (213:154). 
In the inventory of Richard (Pro. Rec. 397:548, Jime 7, 1821) it is entered 
as "about eleven acres of land called the common lot," but in the con- 
veyance by Richard Manning's heirs to William Manning, it is called the 
Smith lot, Jan. 24, 1833 (270:37). 

Mr. Manning enlarged the lot by the purchase of the Birch Pasture, 
BO called, 9 acres, from George FeUows, of Salem, one of the heirs of Eph- 
raim Fellows, Jan. 8, 1833 (270:38). His heirs sold the homestead on the 



AND SAMUEL APPLP:TOx'.S FARM, 17 

opposite side of County Road and the 23 acres to George Fellows, who 
removed from Salem and spent his last years near the place of his birth, 
Sept. 7, 1860 (612:2-16). His heirs sold to Willard B. and WiUiam H. Kins- 
man, April 13, 18S3 (1105:201) and the 23 acre lot was included in the 
successive conveyances to Albert W. Smitli, May 24, 1S94 (1412:499), to 
Asa Burnham, Dec. 14, 1895 (1465:274) to Mre. Lavinia A. Brown, April 
15, 1902 (1070:312) and to Mrs. Lavinia Campbell, wife of Charles A., Oct. 
27, 1904 (1758:111). Mr. Campbell also purchased of W. P. Willett three 
and a third acres, part of the original Calef lot, Oct. 12, 1900 (1621:444). 
The beautiful mansion on this estate, which bears the appropriate name of 
Fairview, was built in 1900. 

Thomas Firman's Lot. 

No. 19 on Diagram. 
The natural boundary of the Inner Common of the South Eighth, of 
which we have been speaking, on the south side, would seem to have been 
the water course, variously known as Mile Brook or River, or The Mile 
Brook or "the river that runneth, out of the great Pond," or Annable's 
Brook occasionally, or Saw Mill Brook. As there were other brooks called 
Two Mile Brook and Three Mile Brook, the length of the stream seems 
to have suggested the name. 

But for some reason which can not be guessed even, a generous tract 
of land bordering on the brook, reaching from the present County Road to 
the Candlewood road, was granted at a very early date to three men. 
Thomas Firman was the earliest known owner of a tract which was sold for 
twenty acres, in 1647, but a little later for forty acres. Richard Saltonstall, 
Esq. owned a forty acre tract on the east side of Firman's, which was sold 
by his heirs as fifty acres a century later and John Andrews owned from 
Saltonstall's line to the Candlewood road. Each of these will be considered 
in due time, but at present we are concerned only with the Firman lot. 

Firman sold twenty acres upland and meadow, bounded by the Mile 
brook southwest, the Saltonstall pasture southeast and " the rest on common 
ground," to Thomas Low and Edward Bragg, Oct. 27, 1647 (Ips. Deeds 1: 
35). Bragg eventually disposed of his interest and Low sold or bequeathed 
the whole lot to his son John. Of these transfers no record remains. 

John Low, Senior, and Dorcas, sold 10 acres to Joseph Fellows, Jan. 
1, 1689 (10:8) and 30 acres to his son John, Junior, reserving to his own 
use 2 acres next the brook, Oct. 10, 1692 (10:148). John Jr. sold 4 
acres to Ruth Fellows, widow of Joseph, Dec. 7, 1693 (10:5). The small 
two acre lot bounded by the Bay Road west, and Mile brook south, came 
into the possession of Thorndike Low, son of John. The remainder of the 
farm was sold by John Low, Junior, measuring forty acres, with all the 
buildings, "y« easterly side upon y^ common land of the Town of Ipswich 
and northwesterly upon sd. common," to Abraham Tilton, Jun., Novem. 
19, 1699 (15:296) who sold to Thomas Manning, the locksmith, who owned 
the two large lots which have been considered, February 1706-7 (19:153). 



18 THE OLD HAT ROAD FROM SALTONSTALL'S BROOK 

In his will (proved May 23, 1737 Pro. Rec. 322:49-53) he directed, "I give 
to my son, John Manning, all that my farm I bought of Abraham Tilton, 
containing 50 acres, be it more or less, with all tlie buildings standing 
upon it." 

Tliorndike Low's two acres and buildings had come into the possession 
of Eliezer Foster, who sold or mortgaged his modest estate to Capt. Daniel 
Ringe, March 27, 1722 (39:245) but acquired it again, Oct. 5, 1727 (49:254). 
On March 3, 1741 (84:1 ) he sold to John Manning his neighbor, " my dwell- 
ing and land containing about four acres being the same I purchased of Capt. 
Daniel Ringe, and the land I purchased of Simon Wood, Thomas Wade 
and Jonathan Fellows, Committee to the Proprietors in the South Eighth." 

John Manning's will (proved Sept. 11, 1775 Pro. Rec. 351:335) be- 
queathed half the farm, now estimated as about 60 acres, to his son John, 
and a quarter to each of the other sons, Thomas and Richard. John Man- 
ning, Jr. bequeathed to liis sons Richard and William in equal parts "one 
undivided half of about sixty acres, lying in common with John Manning, 
3d." His inventory includes "one dwelling house and other buildings, 
with 81 rods vuider and adjoining, as well as the undivided half of the farm," 
April, 1814 (Pro. Rec. 385:168, 232). Richard acquired his brother's in- 
terest and at his death, Judith, his widow, and the sons, Daniel C. and 
George, then residents of Salem, sold their interest to William, son of Rich- 
ard, including the "Smith lot," the purchase of which by Richard has been 
already noted, Jan. 24, 1833 (270:37). William Manning, bought tlie lot 
on the west side of County Road and built a new home and sold his house 
and 29 acres to Alfred Manning, April 26, 1858 (569:235), who conveyed to 
J. Frank Smith, May 9, 1873 (881:174). Smith sold the farm "40 acres 
tillage and meadow with buildings" to William L. Sturgis, the present 
owner, April 20, 1877 (974:256). 

The eastern half of the John Manning farm, bequeathed to Richard 
and Thomas, was owned eventually by Richard. His son Richard, Jr., of 
Salem, conveyed to John Manning, 3*^, his right to the farm, one half and 
one acre more, undivided with his brother John, May 8, 1795 (160:23). Mr. 
Ebenezer Fall married Abigail the daughter of John Manning. At the 
decease of Mr. Manning, John W. Dodge and his wife Sarah (Manning) sold 
their interest to Mr. Fall, March 13, 1845 (882:266) and a small lot, ad- 
joining. May 7, 1859 (882: 267). He sold the farm to Mrs. Lavinia A. Brown 
June 10, 1905 (1783:278). The present dwelling was built by John Man- 
ning, S<^. 

The Bay Road, it has been said, was laid out in 1640 by a Committee 
acting under the direction of the General Court in the precise location 
County Road occupies to-day. The road was defiiied "by marked trees 
over Mr. Appletons meadow, called Parlye Meadow & from thence by Mr. 
Hubbards farm house." The low, swampy ground, over which a broad 
causeway has since been built in Ipswich and Hamilton, was an embarras- 
sing obstacle to travel. 

But the task of constructing a proper highway was begun about the 



AND SAMUEL APPLETON'S FARM. 19 

time when the road was formally laid out. The Town Record, under the 
date, The 4''* of the 2 mo. 1643 contains the item, 

"Granted to Mr. William Hubbard the p'cell of land viewed by Mr. 

Appleton and George Giddings containing about 50 acres 25 whereof 

is in consideration of the highway that leadeth through his farme and 

the other 25 acres are for work to l)e done towards making the great 

swamp sufficient. Mr. Saltonstall Mr. Appleton Robert Andrews and 

George Giddings are to pportion the work." 

Presumably the work was done and the Long Bridge or corduroy, which 

gave the name Long Bridge Swamp to the locality, may have been built at 

that time. 

It has been a matter of current tradition that in order to avoid this 
swamp, the original highway left the present County Road near the bridge 
over Mile River and followed Lakeman's Lane and Fellows Lane, and a 
way over land now owned by James H. Proctor to Mile River, where a 
bridge was built with long causeways on either side at a very early dat«, 
and then on the liigh groimd on the south side of Mile River to the main 
road again. 

A grant of 40 acres had been made to Richard Jacob "on the north- 
west syde the River that runneth out of the great pond" before 1638 and 
this substantial bridge and causeway gave easy access to his house, which 
was erected on the lot, near the bridge. 

More detailed study of this ancient bridge and the highways which 
led to it will be made when the lands adjacent are considered. At present 
it may be noted that the first trace of a public highway in this locality oc- 
curs in the vote of the Town on Dec. 6, 1658. "Ordered, that George Gid- 
dings and Edward Brag are apoynted to lay out a highway through Mr. 
Saltingstall's 40 acres and a pt. of Jo. Andrews his farm to the Bridge over 
the River to Rich. Jacobs House, a rod and a half wide." 

A road already existed, no doubt, before this date, as the bridge was 
already built. Mr. Saltonstall's forty acres is now included in James 
H. Proctor's large estate. The John Andrews farm was owned afterwards 
by William Fellows and his heirs and is now included in the farm of 
Benjamin R. Horton. The way thus laid out is evidently the present 
Fellows Lane, from the Candlewood road to the old cart path leading 
toward Mile River that is still in use, across the land of the Daniel Appleton 
heirs. No mention is made of laying out a way from the Bay Road to 
this old causeway and bridge. But a way existed and was in common use, 
as appears from the complaint made by some inhabitants of Ipswich and 
Wenham in July, 1727, "that there hath been an highway used for 60 or 
70 years from Mr. Appleton's mill' in that part of Ipswich towards Che- 
bacco," now closed by the proprietors of the commons, etc.* 

This old way, then, was undoubtedly in use in 1657, but the broad 
high way over Mile River and through the Appleton Farm was laid out in 

* Major Appleton's saw mill was on the South side of the Mile River, near the 
bridge. 

2 Records Gen. Sessions Court, pp. 53 and 59, 1727. 



20 THE OLD BAY ROAD FROM SALTONSTALL *S BROOK 

1640, and a substantial thoroughfare, no doubt, had been constructed 
many years before the other road was established. It may be possible, to 
be sure, that for a few years the travelled path avoided the swamp by cross- 
ing the river at the Jacobs farm, but no evidence exists to substantiate the 
suggestion. 

The complaint just mentioned was made to the Selectmen. Failing of 
any relief, the complainants carried their case to the General Session Court, 
affirming that this road was "of Great use to that part of the Town to go to 
their market and about their occasions and for them and many others to go 
to their farms and lands in that part of the Town,' wliich way the proprie- 
tors of Ipswich have stopped up by fencing in their Divisions of Common 
for the opening of which the Petitioners made their application." The 
Court appointed a Committee of three to make inspection and proper in- 
quiries. This was done forthwith, and a report was made " that the way 
used and petitioned for is of more benefit to the petitioners and others than 
damage to the Proprietors." 

The Town or the Proprietors failed to take any action, and the Court 
proceeded' to appoint a Committee " to open the old way above mentioned 
by laying out the same two rods wide." The Committee reported, July 17, 
1728.^ "We have laid out said way as foUoweth, beginning near said mill 
where the old way leadeth toward Chebacco & so staked said way Two 
rods wide till it cometh to the Road leading from the Country Road to 
Chebacco," i. e., for the most part the present Fellows Lane. 

But now Thomas Manning, whose land was cut by the road, became an 
aggrieved party and he complained to the Court in 1735 that "he is de- 
barred from improving a quantity of land next Elder Foster's land," and 
asked that the highway might be relocated. This was referred to a Com- 
mittee and report was made, July 8, 1735.^ A new location was made, 
beginning at Eliezer Foster's fence, crossing his land about 3 rods from the 
northerly corner of his barn by Manning's fence to the road, which was 
atlopted. 

But once again the good offices of the Court were sought in 1741. On 
August 11, "Upon reading the petition of Symonds Epes, Jonathan Wade, 
Esqrs & sundry others, that the way leading from the Saw Mill Bridge 
to Chebacco Road now going up the Hill before Mr. Eleazer Foster's House 
hath by long experience been found very inconvenient by reason of the 
length and heigth of the Hill praying that it may go in upon Mr. John Man- 
ning's land where it will be very convenient to the Improvers etc.," a 
Committee was again appointed. It reported that John Manning lay out 
the highway through his own land. John Maiming reported on Jan. 19, 
1741-2 that he had laid out a way 2 rods wide all along by the southwest- 
erly side of Dr. Joseph Manning's land, being about 36 rods on the land from 
the Country road to the former way leading towards Chebacco.* Here it 
remains, now bearing the name Lakeman's Lane. 

» P. 74, Court Records. * P. 81, Court Records. ' P. 390, Court Records. 
♦ P. 747, Court Records. 



AND SAMUKL APPLETOX'S FARM. 21 

The ancient road evidently ascended the hill on the Sturgis property 
near the bridge. Faint traces of it are still visible and on the slope of the 
hill, a little way from the main road, the site of a house is easily seen, and 
the well near by. This may have been the ancient Thorndike Lowe dwell- 
ing afterwards owned by Eleazer Foster or perhaps the original John Lowe 
dwelling on the Manning farm. 



22 THE OLD BAY ROAD FROM SALTONSTALL's BROOK 



Samuel Appleton's Farm. 

No. 20 on Diagraui. 
"Granted Mr. Samuel Appleton by the company of freemen . . . 
a farnie containing foure hundred and sixty acres more or less medow 
and upland as it lyeth bounded by the River commonly called the 
Mile brook on the Northeast and by the great River on the Northwest 
on the West in part by the Land of William Warener and by a swamp 
on the Southeast and partly also at the same end by the Land of Hugh 
Sherrat to enjoy all the sayd Landes to him his heirs and assigns 
forever. Entered into the Town booke folio 16 the 20*'' of December 
1638." 

"The farme further bounded from the Land of William Warener 
by markt trees and a water course and then [ ] markt trees to the 
gate standing upon the high [ ] leading to Salem from thence as 
the fence runs [ ] the aspes and soe with a strayt line to the brook." 
It will be noted that Dec. 20"^ 1638 is the date of the entry of the grant, 
not of the grant itself. This is unknown. Under the date Feb. 13"^, 1636, 
the entry in the Town Record occurs. "Granted to John Severance, a six 
acre planting lott on the farr side the Brooke, and on this side Appletons 
farme." It is also recorded that certain lands were granted to Thomas 
Wells in the year 1635, but the entry was made on June 1, 1638. The fre- 
quent allusions to Folios of various numbers in the earliest records and to 
old books, which had been copied, show that the contemporaneous record 
of Town votes does not exist. In fact, the first volume of our present 
Town Records is a composite work, compiled by the late Nathaniel R. 
Farley from two ancient books of record, identical in considerable degree, 
yet with marked differences, the character and critical historic value of 
which are yet to be determined. The date of the grant of this great farm 
cannot be decided, therefore, and may be coincident with the arrival of 
Mr. Appleton. 

It is recorded, under the date 2°'* day of March, 1637. 
"All those that have planting ground by the River side beyond Mr. 
Appleton 's are to take the lott layers and lay out a highway as may be 
most convenient as themselves can best agree and return it to the eleven 
men." 

This alludes undoubtedly to the road now called Waldingfield Road 
which led to the river lots of William Warner, Mark Quilter and others 
and the great 1200 acre farm of Richard Saltonstall, Esq. It was not 
much of a highway in the modern sense of the term as the east end of 
Quilters 20 acres came "up to a path leading to I^Ir. Saltonstalls farm."' 
In 1648, Mr. Appleton received the grant of "a little p'cell of land 
lying by the Highway leading to his farm by the Pequid lotts,"^ and in 

» Town Record, 1638. 

* Granted to the men who marched against the Pequode. They have not been 
located. 



AND SAMUIOL APPLETON's FARM. 23 

1650, there was ''gran teil to Mr. Aplcton a p 'cell of ground (in full satis- 
faction for the Country highway going through his farm) beyonti the 
swamp to make his fence strai<iht not exceeding eight acres."' He ac- 
qmred also Parlye's meadow. 

Samuel Apple; on died in June 1070, in Rowley, where it is supposed 
he made his home the latter years of his life with his daughter Sarah, wife 
of the Rev. Samuel Phillips. It may be that he made conveyance of his 
farm before his death, as John Appleton, his elder son, sold Anthony Potter 
IG acre-!, bounded by Mile brook on the east, the Mill River on the north 
and land of Lieut. Samuel Appleton west, Dec. 22, 1664 (Ips. Deeds 2: 408) 
and Lieut. Samuel, his younger son, sold Jolm Adams, a house and 20 acres 
"near Samuels farm," Dec. 2, 166) (Ips. Deeds 2:.5L3). With the excep- 
tion of the 16 acre lot which his brother sold to Anthony Potter, Samuel 
seems to have owned the whole farm. He conveyed 18 acres more to 
Anthony Potter, 10-11-1681 (Ips. Deeds 3:486). 

Here Major Appleton made his home in his declining years. His public 
services had been great and arduous, as a military commander,an Assistant, 
antl an uncompromising opponent of Gov. Andros.^ He owned a house in 
the town of Ijswich, but preferred the farm. He had a saw mill, which 
abutted on the southeast corner of the bridge, known sometimes as Saw 
Mill Bridge or Mile Jlrook Bridge, and the mill pond flowed the low ground 
over several acres probably. 

The name, Appleton's Bridge, was also in use. On March 2'^, 1762, 
Oliver Appleton, who owned the saw mill, and others, j)etitioned the 
Town concerning the bridge. On May 13"", it was voted that "Col. Choate, 
Capt. Farley, and Capt. Baker be a Committee to take a view of Appleton's 
Bridge, & consider the expediency of building sd bridge into a stone bridge, 
and inquire what difference in cost between a Plank Bridge and a Rock 
Bridge and report as soon as may be.'' The Committee reported on 
July 2"'*, and the Town voted, " That said bridge be built into a Rock 
bridge in the most prudent, expeditious and effectual manner, the abut- 
ments & pier & covering rock at ye expense & charge of ye Town, said 
bridge to be built on y*' place where it is now began." Col. John Choate 
and Capt. Isaac Smith, wlio owned the Col. Samuel Appleton farm, were 
appointed the building Committee. The bridge is still in use and ante- 
dates the Choate Bridge by two years. 

Samuel Appleton's sons also settled on the great farm. To John, he 
conveyed by deed a house, and a goodly portion of land on Novem. 12, 
1688 (Ips. Deeds 5:299) and a similar portion without a dwelling to Isaac 
on the same date (11:108). He died in his quiet farm house in 1696. His 
^vill, which was proved June 16, 1696 (Pro. Rec. 305:168), confirmed to 
John and Isaac the portions they had already received and divided the re- 
mainder to his widow Mary, and his sons, Samuel and Oliver, with a provi- 
sion for the distribution of Bridge croft after his wife's decease. 

' Town Record. 

*See IpBwich In the Mast. Bay Colony, for the history of hie public •ervices. 



24 THE OLD BAY ROAD FROM SALTOXSTALL's BROOK 

The Isaac Appleton Farm. 

The farm allotted to Isaac has continued in his direct line to the present 
day. He bore the title of Major and he had a part in the military opera- 
tions of his time. He died May 22, 1747, and bequeathed the farm to hia 
son Isaac. The will was refuse 1 allowance, on the ground of his lack of 
mental soundness, but was eventually approved in 1785 (Pro. Rec. 328: 
211-215). 

Isaac, son of the Major, lived to the great age of 91 years. He died 
Dec. IS, 1791, bequeathing his estate to his son, Samuel, by his will, provei 
Jan. 5, 1795. The old house built by Major Isaac was replaced by the 
present dwelling on the same site, which was built by Samuel in 1794. 

Samuel's will, proved June 1819 (Pro. Rec. 393:529-30), divided the 
farm betv/een his sons Samuel Oilman and Timothy. Samuel died on July 
2, 1852, at the age of 81. Timothy survived five years, and died on the 
22"'! of March, 1857, at the age of 78. Gen. James, their brother, removed 
from Portland after Samuel Oilman's death and bought the interests of tlie 
surviving heirs. His life had been active and conspicuous. His military 
career began while he was residing in Oloucester, during the war of 1812. 
He rose through all the grades and became Brigadier-Oeneral of the Massa- 
chusetts militia. As business affairs promised well in Portland, he re- 
moved thither and became prominent in public life. He was an influen- 
tial member of the State Legislature, where he introduced the Prohibitory 
Law, althougli the credit of its inception has been given to Neal Dow, and 
became an enthusiastic leader in the Temperance work. He retired from 
public life on his removal to the ancestral farm, but retained his interest in 
public affairs, and made a memorable address to the Ipswich companj^ at 
the depot, when it started for the front, at the beginning of the Civil War. 

Oen. James Appleton died Aug. 25, 1862 and his son, Daniel Fuller 
Appleton, acquired the interest of the other heirs, and made his summer 
home at the farm until his death in 1904. His son, Francis Randall, suc- 
ceeded him in the ownership of the ancient domain. 

Rev. John Cotton Smith, D. D., who had married Harriette Apple- 
ton, daughter of Gen. James, built a summer cottage near the homestead, 
which received the name, Briar Hill. It is still occupied by the heirs. 

The John Appleton Farm. 

John, son of Major Samuel, died in 1724, at the age of 29, and by his 
will, proved June 8, 1724 (Pro. Rec. 315:107-9) devised his estate to his 
son Benjamin. Benjamin's widow, Elizabeth fVVade), was appointed ad- 
ministratrix, March 1, 1731 (Pro. Rec. 318:74). The heirs sold to Dan- 
ielDeane or Dane, Jan. 13, 1752 (97:322). Mr. Dane conveyed it to hisson^ 
Nathan Dane, the famous Professor of Law at Harvard, April 4, 1780 
(139:57). He was bom in the year 1752, and he may have seen the light, as 
it has been affirmed, in the ancient dwelling whichstill stands, though the 
timbers of the house indicate that it is not the original dwelling built by 



AXD SAMUEL APPLETOX'S FARM. 25 

John Appleton. Nathan Dane enlarged his farm by the purchase of 
about 31 acres with a clwelUng on the east side of County Road, bounded 
by the land of Oliver Appleton. north, and Mile River, east, from the 
guardian of Jacob Bro'.vn,a person non compos mentis. June 30, 1790 (152: 
33). This lot was a part of the original Jacobs farm. Thomas Jacobs had 
bequeathed the farm, containing about 50acres,to Abigail, wife of Thomas 
Brown, which Thomas and Abigail Brown conveyed to Jacob Brown, Feb. 
21, 1758 (123:42). Jacob built the house undoubtedly. On July 13, 
1802 (177:89), Mr. Dane sold to Samuel Safford and it has always been 
affirmed that Daniel Safford, of Boston, who built the fence around Bos- 
ton Common was born in the old house, which still remains. An engraving 
of this dwelling forms the frontispiece to his biography. The Safford 
heirs sold to Benjamin Patch. Dec. 25, 1816 (211:203) and April 19, 1817 
(214: 66, 67). Mr. Patch sold at once the 30 acre lot, which Jacob Brown 
had owned and occupied, to Benjamin and Samuel Patch, April 22, 1817 
(226: 82). The original John Appleton farm remained in his possession 
until his death. The administrator of his estate sold a 20 acre lot to Asa 
Wade, who sold to his son Henry F. Wade. He sold to D. F. Appleton, Jan. 
6, 1868 (740: 158) and it is now owned by Francis R. Appleton. Henry 
Wilson and Lucy his wife, heir of Benj. Patch, sold to D. F. Appleton a 
small acre and a half lot, Nov. 23, 1866 (732:82) and ten acres, April 8, 
1S69 (772:178). They also sold 12 acres to Francis R. Appleton, De- 
cember 18, 1874 (920:129). The remainder of the farm, 80 acres, with 
the old house, was sold by Mr. and Mrs. Wilson to Daniel Fuller Appleton, 
Jan. 2, 1890 (1269:156) who conveyed to his son, James W. Appleton, 
Feb. 15, 1894 (1402:278) and he in turn, to his brother Francis. 

Reverting to the 30 acre lot between County Road and Mile River, 
6 acres fell to Sally Annable. Daniel Annable and other heirs conveyed 
tl-.ree-fiftlis of this to Samuel and George Patch, Jan. 1, 1824 (234:138) and 
Ira Dunnels and wife conveyed a quarter interest to the same, April 20, 
1824 (235:277). Another 6 acre lot was conveyed by George Patch to Eph- 
raim Patch, Feb. 26, 1845 (620:38). His administrator sold the southern 
half of this lot to the widow. Lucy Patch, March 20, 1861 (620:39) and the 
rest to Henry Wilson. Mr. Wilson sold to Albert S. Brown, July 1, 1864 
(678:226) and Mrs. Patch sold her interest to him, Dec. 21, 1868 (762:128). 
Mr. Brown sold the whole lot to D. F. Appleton, Feb. 21, 1889 (1248:504) 
and Mr. Appleton conveyed to his son Francis, Aug. 7, 1894 (1420:153). 
The old Jacob Brown cellar is still visible on this lot. 

The Samuel Appleton Farm. 
Samuel, eldest son of Major Samuel, attained the rank of Colonel in 
active ser^'ice in Nova Scotia and elsewhere and was a conspicuous citizen. 
His will was proved, Nov. 25, 1725 (Pro. Rec. 315: 307) and it made his son 
Samuel, the fourth of the name in successive generations, a merchant of 
Boston, his heir. He died in London of smallpox, Dec. 21, 1728. Jasper 
Waters, and Jasper Waters, Jun., drapers of London, brought suit against 



26 THE OLD BAY ROAD FROM SALTONSTALl's BROOK 

his estate and gained possession, April 2, 1731 (97:86). Their attorney 
sold the farm to Isaac Smith and Nathan Chapman. July 25, 1751 (97:88). 
Mr. Smith had bought the saw mill near by, Feb. 24, 1745 (88:156). 
They sold 28i acres abutting on the Daniel Dane farm to Isaac Appleton 
and Philip Brown, March 10, 1752 (99:157) and on March 25. 1752 (104: 
215) Capt. Smith bought Chapman's interest. His son, Samuel, bought 
the interest of the other heirs, and acquired the title, Feb. 10, 1S14 (20.3:8). 
The farm had preserved nearly its original dimension down to this time, but 
was now dismembered. On May 27, 180.3, some years before he acquired his 
title to the farm, Samuel Smith sold 10 1 acres of pasture land to Manasseh 
Dodge (210:67), and some years later, he sold 23| acres adjoining the above 
to Benjamin Dodge. Winthrop L. Dodge inherited and sold the two lots 
to Oliver Underhill, April 11, 1860 (679:81). AVilliam Willcomb and his 
wife Laura (Underhill) in her own right sold 5 acres of meadow and the 33 
acres of pasture to Daniel F. Appleton, Sept. 15, 1881 (1068:167) who con- 
veyed to his son Francis R. Appleton, Dec. 25, 1891 (1334:94). Mr. Apple- 
ton built his mansion to which he has given the name, New House, on this 
pasture lot. 

On Feb. 23, 1814, Samuel Smith sold 15 acres of upland to David 
Dodge, the miller (212:268). The first mills on the upper river were built 
by John Adams, to whom Major Samuel Appleton had sold a house and 
20 acres. John Adams, Sen., conveyed his house, lands, the com mill, 
etc. to his son John, April 7, 1698 (13:291). Isaac Smith and his wife, 
Eunice, sold to Paul Dodge, 

"all y' our Estate now in our pos.session together with y*' Revertion & 
remainder, wliich Remainder that is now in y: Possession & improve- 
ment of Our Father, Mr. Nath' Cross, being the Dower of his wife, 
Phebe, heretofore Phebe Adams <t natural mother to said Eunice . . . 
commonly called Adamses Mills," 
including liouse, bam, grist and saw mills, about 42 acres, December 1, 
1750 (96:180). 

Barnabas Dodge, son of Paul, inherited the estate and bequeathed it 
to his son, David. David sold his whole possession, including the 15 acre 
lot, purchased of Samuel Smith and a one acre lot with a dwelling near by, 
to Ammi Smith, January 2, 1827 (242: 273). Horatio Smith and the other 
heirs sold the same to Caleb and Jerome Norwood of Rockport, April 21, 
1868 (746:148). The one acre lot, from which the house had disappeared, 
was sold by Caleb J. Norwood to Francis R. Appleton, Nov. 4, 1886 (1185: 
225). It was then known as Kent's Corner, probably from the blacksmith, 
who had a shop here, years ago. It was in all probability a part of the 
20 acres, which John Adams bought of Major Appleton. 

Mr. Norwood sold the 15 acre lot, which Samuel Smith sold to David 
Dodge, to Bayard Tuckerman, Sept. 11, 1890(1290:48). Mr. Tuckerman 
built his dwelling on the sightly eminence, thus acquired, and gave the 
name Sunswyck to his new home. He had married Annie, daughter 
of Rev. John Cotton Smith, D.D., and granddaughter of Gen. Jaraee 
Appleton, and the ancient Appleton pasture now returned to its own 




W o 
S . 

S i 



AND SAMUEL APPLETON 'S FARM. 27 

Samuel Smith also sold a meadow lot of 6^ acres to David Wallace 
and a similar lot of 7 acres adjoining to John Adams, on Feb. 22, 1814 (217: 
85, 86). John Adams sold to Silsbee Adams, May 22, 1860 (651 :118), who 
conveyed to D. F. Appleton, July 20, 1883 (1112: 29). Mary E. Wallace, 
widow of David, empowered Aretas D. Wallace, as executor, to sell her 
estate. He .sold the meadow lot to D. F. Appleton, March 9, 1883 (1103: 
275). On Dec. 25, 1891, Mr. Appleton conveyed the Adams Meadow, 
"lying directly in front of New House," and the Wallace meadow adjoining 
to Francis R. Appleton (1334: 93 & 97). 

A lot of upland and meadow, 25 J acres, was sold by Samuel Smith to 
Oliver Appleton, May 11, 1814 (215:52). The later history of the lot is 
included in that of the Oliver Appleton farm. 

The remainder of the Col. Samuel Appleton farm, with the old man- 
sion, which has been identified with Major Appleton's house, was sold by 
Samuel Smith to Samuel Obear of Wenham, Dec. 22, 1818 (226:65), by 
Obear to Hamilton Brown, April 13, 1821 (226:65). His son, Albert S. 
Brown, .sold 4 acres of meadow and upland on the easterly side of the rail- 
road to Francis R. Appleton, Feb. 21, 1889(1248: 503) and on the same date 
a parcel of meadow on the west side of the railroad to Daniel Fuller Apple- 
ton (1248:504), which he convej^ed to Francis Randall, Dec. 25, 1891 (1334: 
95). The farm, sixty acres and buildings, was sold by Mr. Brown to Helen 
K., wife of Randolph M. Appleton, son of D. F. Appleton, Feb. 21, 1889 
(1248:505). The old house was removed from its original location under 
the great elms and made a part of the new mansion, which was built near 
by. The name of this estate, Waldingfield, is that of the English village, 
Little Waldingfield in Suffolk, from which Samuel Appleton migrated to 
the new land. 

The Oliver Appleton Farm. 

Oliver succeeded his father. Major Samuel, in the ownership of the 
saw mill, the ox pasture and other lands. He built a house for himself 
on the corner of Waldingfield Road and County Road, from whicli the 
Aaron Lord house was removed. He attained the venerable age of 83, 
which was common in his family line, and died, Jan. 9, 1759. His will, 
proved March 20, 1759 (Pro. Rec. 336:130) divided his estate. To his son 
Oliver, he gave the mill, and part of his land, the rest to Nathaniel. 

Nathaniel received the homestead, which was attained by purchase 
from the other heirs by his daughter Susanna, wife of Jeremiah Choate 
Underbill His son, Oliver Underbill, succeeded him, and his heirs sold to 
their sister, Catherine E., wife of Aaron Lord, Aug. 30, 1878 (1004:190) 
who sold to Ruth Appleton Tuckerman, daughter of D. F. Appleton, and 
wife of Charles S. Tuckerman, the house and land adjoining, Oct. 23, 1901 
(1656: 40), and the remainder of the land to Francis R. Appleton, Oct. 
23, 1891 (1324:512). 

Oliver Appleton, son of Oliver, built a house for his residence on the 
Bouth side of the present Waldingfield road. His son, Oliver, the third of 



28 THE OLD BAY ROAD FROM SALTONSTALL S BROOK, ETC. 

the name, bought the holdings of the other lieirs, May 5, 1803 (Pro. Rec. 
370:107). He sold to his sons, Tristram and Nathaniel, Mar. 31, 1823 (232: 
71). They conveyed to Oliver Underhill. April 18.1832 (26.5: 66.) who sold 
to Henry Wilson, June 13, 1835 (284: 41 ) including the mill privilege. Mr. 
Wilson bequeathed the estate to his grandson, Joseph R., son of his son 
Henry, who sold 20 acres at the R. R. crossing to Fanny Appleton, wife of 
Francis R.. Jan. 31, 1896 (1470:123), 9 acres to Randolph M. Appleton, 
April 4, 1900(1606:248) and the " Middle Gate Lot," 4^ acres on County 
Road, to Mrs. Francis R. Appleton, on same date (1606: 249). His widow, 
iVnnie M., sold his estate to Francis R. Appleton, April 23. 1901 (1646:57), 
v.^ho transferred 1 1 acres on the north side of the road to his brother-in-law, 
Chas. S. Tuckcrman. Mr. Tuckerman removed both the Henry Wilson 
house and the Underliill house from their original foundations to a new site 
on the hill, and combined these in one large mansion. " Applefield" is the 
name of the estate, a happy union of Waldingfield and the apple orchard, 
which covers several acres. 

Thus, the ancient Appleton grant is now almost entirely in the pos- 
session of the direct descendants of the emigrant. The lots sold by 
Captain John and Major Samuel to Anthony Potter are still a part of 
that farm, now owned by the heirs of Harriet Smith, but these are the 
only parts in the hands of strangers. The Oliver Appleton farm is owned 
in part by Mrs. Charles S. Tuckerman, daughter of Daniel Fuller Appleton, 
and the remainder is in possession of Francis R. Appleton. The Samuel 
Appleton farm is owned in part by Randolph M. Appleton, in part by Bay- 
ard Tuckerman, and the balance by Francis R. Appleton. The latter also 
owns the Isaac and John Appleton farms and he has added to the ancestral 
acres, large tracts that were never in the Appleton possession. Mrs. Gerald 
L. Hoyt, daughter of Daniel Fuller Appleton occupies the cottage, which 
was built upon the old Appleton school-house as a base. Briar Hill is still 
the summer home of the heirs of Rev. John Cotton Smith and Harriet, the 
daughter of Gen. James Appleton. 



A GENEALOGY OF THE IPSWICH DESCENDANTS 

OF 

SAMUEL APPLETON.* 

1. Samuel Appleton was born at Little Waldingfield, England in 
1586. He married at Preston, England, on Jan. 24, 1616, Judith Everard. 
Their children were: 

2 Mary, born at Little Waldingfield, 1616. 

3 Judith, born at Little Waldingfield, 1618; died at Reydon, Eng., 

in 1629. 

4 MARTHA.born at Little Waldingfield, 1620 ; married Richard Jacobs 

of Ipswich; died Sept. 8, 1659. 
6 John, born at Little Waldin^eld, 1622. See No. 5. 

6 Samuel, born at Little Waldingfield, 1625. See No. 6. 

7 Sarah, bora at Reydon, 1629; married Rev. Samuel Phillips of 

Rowley, Oct., 1651. 

He married Martha 

8 Judith, born at Reydon, 1634; married Samuel Rogers of Ips- 

wich, Dec. 24, 1657; died July, 1659. 

He took the freeman's oath on May 25, 1636, and was resident in 
Ipswich as early as July, 1636. The widow Sarah Dillingham of Ipswich 
bequeathed to Mr. Samuel Appleton five pounds, and to his wife a silver 
porringer, and committed the education and government of her child, and 
the care of her estate to Mr. Saltonstall and IVIr. Appleton, in her will, dated 
July 10th of that year. The title Mr. indicated social position above the 
ordinary. Winthrop's Diary mentions that out of sixty-two persons ad - 
mitted to be freemen, on the above date. Mr. Appleton and three others 
were the only ones who were entitled to this honorary prefix. 

He was chosen Deputy to the General Court in May, 1637, and re- 
ceived several grants of land, which are noted in "Ipswich in the Massa- 
chusetts Bay Colony, 1633-1700," besides liis great farm. 

* In the preparation of this Genealogy much help has been derived 
from the Genealogy published by William Sumner Anpleton in 1874. 
But a fresh examination has been made of the Vital Statistics of Ipswich 
and many corrections and additions have been made, bringing the 
statistics down to the present date. 

(29) 



30 A GENEALOGY OF THE IPSWICH DESCENDANTS 



SECOND GENERATION. 

5. Captain John Appleton,^ bom at Little Waldingfield, England 
in 1622, had a long and distinguished public career, which is described 
in "Ipswich in the Massachusetts Bay Colony." He married Priscilla, 
daughter of Rev. Jesse Glover, and lived on the north side of the Topsfield 
road, near the residence of Mrs. Lavinia Brown. He died Nov. 4, 1699. 
His wife had died a little before, Feb. 18, 1698. 

9 John, bom Oct. 16, 1652. See No. 9. 

10 Elizabeth, bom 1654; married Richard Dummer of Newbury, 

Nov. 2, 1673. 

11 Samuel. See No. 11. 

12 Priscilla, born Dec. 25, 1657; married Rev. Joseph Capen of 

Topsfield in 1684; died Oct. 18, 1743. 

13 Jesse, born March 27, 1660; died April 11, 1660. 

14 Jesbe, born 1662; died at Boston, Nov. 18, 1721. 

15 Sarah, born Aug. 19, 1671; married Daniel Rogers of Ipswich. 

He died Dec. 1, 1722. 

16 Mary, bom April 15, 1673; married Nathaniel Thomas of Marsh- 

field, June 20, 1694; died Oct. 7, 1727. 

6. Major Samuel Appleton,-* was born at Little Waldingfield, 
Elngland, 1625. He married Hannah, daughter of William Paine of Ips- 
wich, April 2, 1651. -^.^ 

17 Hannah, bom Jan. 9, 1652; married William Downes of Boston. 

18 Judith, born Aug. 19, 1653;,married Samuel Wolcott of Wethers- 

field, March 6, 1678. 

19 Samuel, bom Nov. 3, 1654. See No. 19. 

Married 2d, Mary, daughter of John Oliver of Newbury, Dec. 8, 1656. 
She died, Feb. 15, 1698. 

20 John, bom 1660. See No. 20. 

21 Isaac, born 1664. See No. 21. 

22 Joanna, born ; married Matthew Whipple. 

23 Joseph, born June 5, 1674; died in 1689. 

24 Oliver, born June 1676; died June 30, 1676. 

25 Mary, born June 1 676 ; died June 9, 1676. 

26 Oliver, born 1677. See No. 26. 

27 Mary, bom about Oct. 20, 1679; died 1689. 

Maj. Samuel Appleton died May 15, 1696, and was buried in the old 
Burying Ground, where a simple stone marks his grave. 



THIRD GENERATION. 

9. Col. John Appleton,' son of Captain John,^ was bom Oct. 16, 
1652. He was the Town Clerk of that historic Town meeting, on August 
23, 1687, when the vote to refuse assent to the Andros edict was passed, 

* His public life is described at length in " Ipswich in the Massachu- 
setts Bay Colony." 



OF SAMUEL APPLETON. 31 

and he was included in the famous company which was arrested and fined.* 
He was a Lieut.-Colonel, a Deputy, a Councillor, and Judge of Probate 
for thirty-seven years. He was also Chief Justice of the Court of Common 
Pleas. He bought the houselot Feb. 25, 1707, on which he built his dwell- 
ing, which was bequeathed to his son, and is now in a remodelled form, 
owned by Mr. Moritz B.Philipp on the corner of Central and Market Streets. 
He married Elizabeth, daughter of John Rogers, President of Harvard 
CoUege, Nov. 23, 1681. He died Sept. 11, 1739, his widow, March 13, 
1754. 

28 Elizabeth, born April 23, 1682; married Rev. Jabez Fitch of 

Portsmouth, July 26, 1704; died Oct. 18, 1765. 

29 John, bom Nov. 23, 1683; died at Cambridge, Sept. 23, 1699. 

30 William, bom Oct. 15, 1686; died July 10, 1689. 

31 Daniel, born Aug. 17, 1688; died Oct. 7, 1689. 

32 Daniel, born Aug. 8, 1692. See No. 32.^ 

33 Nathaniel, born Dec. 9, 1693. A. B. Harvard, 1712. Ordained 

at Cambridge in 1717, and continued his ministry sixty-six 
years. For more than sixty years, a Fellow of Harvard College, 
and received degree of D.D. in 1771. He died Feb. 9, 1784. 

34 Priscilla, born Jan. 3, 1697; married Rev. Robert Ward of 

Wenham, June 28, 1722; died July 22, 1724. 

35 Margaret, bom Mar. 19, 1701 ; married Rev. Edward Holyoke, 

President of Harvard College, Nov. 9, 1725; died June 25, 1740. 

36 John, born Aug. 18, 1704; died Sept. 13, 1705. 

11. Samuel Appleton,' son of Captain John^ inherited from his 
father land on the Topsfield Road and probably had his home there. He 
married Mary, daughter of Rev. John Woodbridge of Newbury. He died 
Aug. 16, 1693. His widow survived until June 9, 1712. 

37 Jesse, bom Nov. 30, 1684; died 1707. 

38 Samuel, born July 21, 1686; died yoimg. 

39 Thomas. 

40 John. See No. 40. 

19. Col. Samuel Appleton,^ son of Major Samuel,^ was bom Nov. 
3, 1654. He was a resident of Lynn from 1680 to 1688, and owned the 
iron-works near the ledge, known as Appleton's Pulpit. The authenticity 
of the legend, which has been perpetuated in a bronze tablet, is considered 
in "Ipswich in the Massachusetts Bay Colony," page 272. A warrant was 
issued for his arrest for opposition to the Andros government, but he was 
never brought to trial. 

He went as a Commissioner to Quebec in 1706 to bring home the pris- 
oners, who were detained there, and returned to Boston, November 21st, 
with the Rev. John Williams of Deerfield and fifty-six other redeemed cap- 
tives. He commanded a regiment in the expedition to Port Royal in 1707. 

He bought the Shorebome Wilson house, now owned and occupied 
by Mr. Samuel N. Baker on Dec. 17, 1702, and it was his home for the 
remainder of his life. 

* See Chapter xiv, "Ipswich and the Andros Government" in "Ips- 
wich in the Massachusetts Bay Colony." 



32 A GENEALOGY OF THE IPSWICH DESCENDANTS 

He married Elizabeth, daughter of William Whittingham of Boston, 
June 19, 16S2. "The Hon''' Col" Samuel Appleton dyed October the 30«i 
1725." A stately monument marks his grave in the old Burying Ground. 
His widow survived him, and married Rev. Edward Payson of Rowley, 
published Sept. 10, 1726. 

41 Mary, born at Lynn, Mar. 30, 1683; died young. 

42 Hannah, born at Lynn, Nov. 1, 1684; married at Ipswich, Ist, 

William Clark of Boston, Oct. 11, 1705; married 2d, Josiah 
Willard of Boston, April 7, 1726; died July 28, 1766. 

43 Elizabeth, born at Lynn, July 10, 1687; died June 13, 1703. 

44 Martha, born at Ipswich; married Joseph Wise of Ipswich, pub- 

lished Feb. 5, 1709. 

45 Samuel, bom at Ipswich. See No. 45. 

46 Whittingham, born at Ipswich, Dec. 29, 1706. 

47 Elizabeth, born at Ipswich, Aug. 31, 1712; married David Pay- 

son of Rowley, Mar. 5, 1728. 

20. John Appleton,^ son of Major Samuel,' was bom in 1660. He 
inherited a portion of the ancestral farm, as has been noted in the history 
of the farm. 

He married 1st, Rebecca, daughter of John Ruck of Salem, April 1, 
1689. 

48 John, born May 28, 1695; died young. 

Married 2d, Elizabeth, daughter of John Baker, widow of Benjamin 
Dutch, published Aug. 31, 1700. 

49 Benjamin, bom Nov. 14, 1702. See No. 49. 

50 Sarah, baptized June 24, 1705; married Aaron Potter, published, 

Sept. 16, 1721. 

He died May 17, 1724, his widow, Mar. 24, 1750. 

21. Major Isaac Appleton,^ son of Major Samuel,' was bom in 
1664. He made his home on the farm he had inherited. He married 
Priscilla, daughter of Thomas Baker of Topsfield, who died May 26, 1731. 
He survived until May 22, 1747. 

51 Priscilla, born Mar. 16, 1697; married 1st, Thomas Burnham, 

published Dec. 13, 1718. He died April 4, 1730. Married 2d, 
Arthur Abbott, May 23, 1734. 

52 Isaac, born Mar. 21, 1699; died July 30, 1700. 

53 Mary, born Oct. 1, 1701; married William Osgood of Andover, 

Jan. 6, 1730. 

54 Isaac, born May 30, 1704. See No. 54. 

55 Rebecca, born 1706; married William Dodge of Wenham, 

Jan. 9, 1729; died Nov. 1794. 

56 Elizabeth, born 1706; married Josiah Fairfield of Wenham, 

Aug. 4, 1731. 

57 Martha, born July 30,1708; married John White of Haverhill, 

Aug. 4, 1731. 

58 Joanna, baptized Nov. 17, 1717; married William Story of Bos- 

ton, May 14, 1747; died July 16, 1775. 



1 M 



3" C 

a - 




OF SAMUEL APPLETON. 33 

26. Oliver Appleton,^ eon of Major Samuel,- was born in 1677, 
He inherited the saw mill, and a portion of the farm, from his father. He 
married Sarah, daugliter of Tol)ijah Perkins of TopsHeld, Dec. 17, 1701. 
He died Jan. 9, 1751), his widow, Dec. 30, 1769 

59 Oliver, born 1702. See No. 59. 

60 William, born 1703; died April 8, 1725. 

61 Joseph, born Dec. 24, 1705. See No. 61. 

62 John, born 1707. See No. 62. 

63 Sarah, born 1709; married 1st, Benjamin Swain of Reading, 

Dec. 7, 1727; married, 2d, Benjamin Wyman, Nov. 16, 1752. 

64 Hannah, born Mar. 22, 1711; married Dr. Thomas Swain of 

Reading, published Sept. 26, 1730. 

65 S.wiUEL, baptized Mar. 22, 1713; Hved in Haverhill, died Oct. 27, 

1780. 

66 Thomas, born Dec. 19, 1714; died Sept. 12, 1724. 

67 Lucy, born Jan. 20, 1717; died Mar. 14, 1737 at Haverhill. 

68 Mary, born ; married Nathaniel Whipple; published Nov. 

10, 1744; died Mar. 2, 1810. 

69 Daniel, baptized Mar. 1, 1719; died April 8, 1807. 

70 Nathaniel, baptized April 23, 1721. See No. 70. 

71 Priscilla, baptized Nov. 1, 1724; died young. 



FOURTH GENERATION. 

32. Daniel Appleton,^ son of Colonel, John,^ was born Aug, 8, 
1692. He was a Colonel, a Representative, a Justice of the Court of Ses- 
sions, and Register of Probate from Jan. 9, 1723 to August, 1762. His 
home was in the mansion built by his father, on the corner of Market and 
Central Streets. He married Elizabeth, daughter of Thomas Berry of 
Cambridge, Jime 8, 1715. He died Aug. 17, 1762, his widow, Nov, 28, 
1773, 

72 Elizabeth, born July 28, 1717; died Aug. 26, 1717. 

73 Elizabeth, born Sept. 20, 1718; died Oct., 1718. 

74 John, born Dec. 9, 1719; died Sept. 22, 1720. 

75 Margaret, baptized Sept. 30, 1722: died Oct. 19, 1722. 

76 Daniel, baptized Feb. 16, 1724; died Mar. 13, 1724. 

77 Margaret, born Nov. 28, 1725; died July 27, 1747. 

78 Elizabeth, born Aug. 24, 1727; married Rev. John Walley, Pas- 

tor of the South Church, Ipswich, Oct. 20, 1748; died Oct., 1798. 

79 John, born, Jan. 19, 1731; died April 23, 1731. 

80 Mary, born March 14, 1733; died Oct., 1801. 

81 John, born and baptized May 19, 1734; died Aug. 28, 1740. 

82 Daniel, born July 26, 1736; died Aug. 16, 1736. 

40. John Appleton,^ son of Samuel,^ called John 3d in 1723, sheriff 
in 1745, married Mary, daughter of Rev. James Allin of Salisbury, Feb. 
28, 1717, who died Oct. 26, 1749. He died July 25, 1750. 

83 Mary, born Sept. 28, 1718; died young. 

84 Elizabeth, baptized Dec. 4, 1720; married Thomas Sewall of 

Kittery, published Mar. 1, 1744. 

85 Sarah, baptized Dec. 10, 1721; married George Eustis of Boston, 

published Mar. 1, 1744. . 



34 A GENEALOGY OF THE IPSWICH DESCENDANTS 

86 Samuel, baptized Aug. 31, 1723; died Sept. 16, 1723. 

87 Mary, born Oct 9, 1724 ; married bamuel Rindge, published Nov. 

23, 17S9; died ( ec. 26, 1716. 

88 Anne, baptized Mar. 6, 1726; died Aug. 8, 1747. 

89 John, baptized Aug. 20, 1727; died 175."). 

90 Lucy, baptized Nov. 24, 1728; die i June 10. 1745. 

91 Samuel, baptized Oct. 4, 1730; died Nov. 8, 1730. 

92 MARr,ARRT, baptized Oct. 24, 1731. 

93 Martha, born ; died Oct. 21, 1746. 

94 Priscilla, born ; died Sept. 17, 174S, "being the last of 

seven daughters dying with a Consumption within the space of 
3 years." Town Record. 

45. Samuel Appleton,' son of Colonel Samuel,' inherited the farm 
and his father's residence (the Samuel N. Paker house). He removed to 
Boston, and engaged in large mercantile ventures, which resulted disas- 
trously, as his estate was insoh ent, after his sudden death in London of 
smallpox, on Dec. 15, 1728. He married Anna, daughter of John Gerrish 
of Boston, Mar. 19, 1719. She 8u^^'ived her husband and married Rev. 
Joshua Gee of Boston, .\pril 17, 1734. 

95 Samuel, baptized at Ipswich, April 3, 1720; died April 5, 1720. 

96 Mary, baptized at Ipswich, 1 ec. 9, 1722; died Dec. :i9, 1722. 

97 Samuei,, born at i^oston, Aug. 15, 1726. 

98 Anne, born at Boston, 1728. 

49. Benjamin Appleton,* son of John,' was born Nov. 14, 1702. 
His home was on the farm he had inherited. He married Elizabeth Wade, 
published Feb. 23, 1723, and died in his thirtieth year, Feb. 13, 1732. His 
widow married William Cogswell, Mar. 13, 1735. 

99 Elizareth, bantized July 12, 1724. 

100 Sarah, baptized July 31, 1726; died Aug. 12, 1726. 

101 John, born Mar. 10, 17:^8; died June 9, 1728. 

102 Mary, born March 30, 1729; married Jonathan Cogswell, Jr., 

Dec. 28, 1748. 

103 Sarah, baptized Nov. 22, 1730; married Leter Smith, Mar. 29, 

1753. 

104 Benjamin, born June 2, 1732; died June 15, 1732, 

54. Isaac Appleton,^ son of Major Isaac,^ was born May 30, 1704. 
He spent his life in the home he had inherited on the farm. He married 
Elizabeth, daughter of Francis Sawyer of V\ ells, published April 25, 1730. 

105 Isaac, baptized May 30, 1731 ; married Mary, daughter of Joseph 

Adams of Concord, and removed to New Ipswich, N. H., where 
he died Feb. 25, 1806. 

106 Francis, baptized Mar. 25, 1733. See No. 106. 

107 Elizabeth, baptized Oct. 24, 1736; married Samuel Bartlett of 

Newton, published Sc^t. 5, 1760. 

108 Samuel, born 1739. See No. 108. 

109 Thomas, baptized Oct. 5, 1740. See No. 109. 

110 John, baptized Dec. 26, 1742; married Mercy Bradbury at Bux- 

ton, Me., Sept. 12, 1771, who died June 26, 1826. He died at 
Buxton, June 20, 1829. 



OF SAMUEL APPLETON. 35 

111 Daniel, baptized April 7, 17 Jo; married Eliz. Adams, published 

June 29. 1770; removed to Buxton, and died there March 14, 
1836. 

112 William, baptized April 12, 1747; married Sarah, daughter of 

Jotham Odiorne of Portsmouth, where he lived, and died May, 
1785. 

113 Mary, baptized July 2, 1749; married Mager Woodbuiy, Nov. 25, 

1784; died March 10. 1828. 

114 Joseph, baptiied June 9, 1751, A. B. Rrown University, 1772. 

Pastor at North Biookfield, where lie died July 25, 1795. He 
married Mary, daughter of Joseph Hook of Kingston, N. H. 

His wife died April 29, 1785. "Mr. Isaac Appleton, age 82 years and 
Mrs. Hephzibah Appleton, aged 70 years, published intention of marriage 
Nov. 5, 1785," Town Record. They were married Dec. 11, 1785, and the 
bride died July 7, 1788. Mr. Appleton died on Dec. 18, 1794, aged 91, in 
the house in which he was born. His second wife was probably the widow 
of Dea. Joseph Appleton, who died Nov. 20, 1782. 

59. Oliver Appleton,* son of Oliver,' was born in 1702. He in- 
herited from his father the saw-mill and a portion of Ins farm in 1759. 
He built the house on the south side of Waldingfield Road, which was owned 
later by Mr. Henry Wilson, and was incorporated by Mr. Chas. S. Tucker- 
man in his residence. 

He married Bethiah Whipple, on Jan. 9. 17:i9, and two children were 
born. 

115 WiLLLVM, horn Jan. 23, 1731; died Aug. 1, 1736. 

116 Hannah, baptized between the 1st and 4th of July, 1736; died 

Oct. 19, 1736. 

Bethiah died on July 10, 1736, and he married Sarah Whipple,* Dec. 
6, 1739. 

117 Oliver, baptized Sept. 5, 1740; died young. 

118 Sarah, baptized Oct. 19, 1741; married George Norton, published 

Oct. 20, 1764. 

119 Hannah, baptized Sept. 11, 1743 ; died July 25, 1764. 

120 Bethiah, 1 aptized Oct. 27, 1745; married Joshua Giddiugs of 

Hamilton, April 26, 1770: died Jan. 16, 1831. 

121 Lucy, I aptizetl Jan. 31, 1747; died June 12, 1778, of sniallpox. 

122 Mehitabie, baptized Jan. 21, 1753; died Aug. 1!, 1818. 

123 Katharine, baptized May 38, 1755; married WilHam Whipple'cf 

Hamilton, May L9, 1776; died Jan. 15, 1829. 

124 Mary Oliver, born July 25. 1757. 

125 Oliver, baptized June 15, 1760. See No. 125. 

126 Rebecca, baptized Mar. 13. 1763; married Jacob Perkins of Maiden, 

Aug. 1, 1789. 

■Oliver Appleton died Aug. 5, 1787, his widow June 22, 1811. 

* In the Town Record, Oliver Appleton was published with Sarah 
Whipple, Oct. 13. 1739. In the lecoid of mar/iage, the bride's name ia 
Sarah Frail, but the Town Clerk evidently was in error. The entry pre- 
ceding is Jacob Fellows and Sarah Frail. He unconsciously repeated the 
name, in recording the next marriage. 



36 A GENEALOGY OF THE IPSWICH DESCENDANTS 

61. DcA. Joseph Appleton,* son of Oliver,^ was born Dec. 24, 1705. 
He bought the houselot, bounded by County Road and the South Common, 
later known as the John Wade lot, now owned by Mrs. Daniel Fuller Apple- 
ton, Jan. 4, 1730. He married Hephzibah Swain of Reading, Nov. 16, 
1732, and built a dwelling on the above lot. 

He was a member of the Committee which had charge of building 
Choate Bridge in 1761, and received 20£ for measuring rocks, keeping and 
settling accounts, paying and receiving money, etc. He was a Deacon of 
the South Church, and was a member of the Joint Committee of the First 
and South Parishes, whicii bought the first lot for the Burying ground on 
the South side, Aug. 1:0, 1773. He died Nov. 20, 1782. 

127 Hkphzibah, baptized May 19, 1734; died July 22, 1736. 

128 Elizabeth, baptized July, 1736; died July 30, 1736. 

129 Joseph, baptized June 29, 1740. See No. 129: 

130 Hephzibah, born Nov. 17, 1741 ; married Nathaniel Day, Mar. 8, 

1763. 

131 Aaron, baptized Sept. 25, 1743; died May 3, 1744. 

132 A.\RON, baptized April 28, 1745; died Sept. 27, 1745. 

133 Thomas, baptized Jan. 18, 1747. See No. 133. 

134 Ebenezer, baptized, Feb. 18, 1749; died young. 

62. John Appleton,^ son of Oliver,' was born in 1707. He bought 
a houselot of Isaac Fitts, on South Market street, March 24, 1734, and ten 
years later bought the adjoining lot, on which the l;ank Building and other 
buildings now stand. Here he made his home. He married Lucy Board- 
man, Aug. 4, 1731, who died Feb. 24, 1790. He died Jan. 4, 1794. 

135 Lucy, baptized Mar. 19, 1732 ; married Abraham How ; published 

Dec. 14, 1752. 

136 Benjamin, baptized Oct. 20, 1734 ; removed to Gloucester. 

137 William, baptized Jan. 8, 1738. See No. 137. 

138 Margaret, baptized Jan. 30, 1743; married Daniel Thurston. 

139 Mary, baptized Feb. 24, 1745; married Daniel Rogers. 

140 Elizabeth, baptized April 17, 1748; married Aaron Treadwell, 

published April 18, 1767. 

141 John, baptized Oct. 21, 1750; died April 12, 1798, occasioned by 

a fall. 

70. Lieut. Nathaniel Appleton,* son of Oliver,'' was baptized, 
April 23, 1721. He inherited from his father the farm now included in 
Applefield, owned by Mrs. Charles S. Tuckerman. His house was on the 
eite of the more recent Aaron Lord house, on the comer of Waldingficld 
road. He married Susannah Brown of Reading, published April 27, 1745. 

He died Feb. 16, 1798, his widow, Nov. 2, 1807, aged 82 years. 

142 Nathaniel, baptized May 1 1 , 1746; died Aug., 1747. 

143 Nathaniel, ba-itized Mar. 6, 1747. 

144 Benjamin, baptized April 22, 1750. See No. 144. 

145 Susannah, baptized Oct. 21, 1752; die! Julv, 1764. 

146 Sarah, baptized Mar. 16, 1755; died Julv, 1764. 

147 Oliver, baptized Nov. 27, 1757. See No. 147. 

148 Eunice, baptized May 4, 1760; married Ephraim Fellows, Nov. 

24, 1778. 



OF SAMUEL APPLETOX. 37 

149 Sarah, baptized Feb. 10, 1765; married John Winn of Salem, 

Nov. 2, 1793. 

150 Susanna, baptized Aug. 16, 1767; married Jeremiah Choate Un- 

derhill. Oct. 21, 1798. 

151 Lucy, born Dec. 31. 1771; died Feb. 10, 1792. 



FIFTH GENERATION. 

106. Fraxcis Appleton,' son of Isaac,* was born in 1739. He 
married Elizabeth Hubbard, May 5, 1758, and lived in Ipswich for some 
years after his marriage. He then removed to New Ipswich, N. H., where 
his last child was born. His wife died Nov. 7, 1815. He survived until 
Jan. 29, 1816. 

152 Francis, horn at Ipswich. May 28, 1759, of Dublin, N. H. 

153 Isaac, born at Ipswich, baptized Jan. 25, 1761. 

154 John, baptised at Ipswich, April 8, 1763; of New Ipswich. 

155 Mary, baptized at Ipswich, Dec. 29, 1765. 

156 Elizabeth, born at Ipswich, 1767. 

157 Je 8e, born at New Ipswich. Nov. 17, 1772. He entered Dart- 

mouth College in 17S8, was ordained at Hampton, leb., 1797, 
and was elected President of Eowdoin College, in 1807. He 
died at Brunswick, Nov. 12, 1819. 

108. Samuel Appleton,* son of Isaac,* was born in 1739. He in- 
herited his father's farm and built the house, now the summer residence 
of Mrs. D. F. Appleton, in 1794. He married Mary, daughter of Rev. 
Timothy White of Haverhill, published Nov. 26, 1768. 

He died May 15, 1819, his widow, Nov. 10, 1834. 

158 Elizabeth, bom Dec. 6, 1769; died Jan. 7, 1790. 

159 Samuel Oilman, born Feb. 26, 1771; married Mary Andrews, 

Jan. 5, 1836. He died July 2, 1852. His widow married Jacob 
Dodge of Wenham, Oct. 18, 1853. 

160 Mary, born Dec. 3, 1772; married Amos Sawyer of Salem, June 7, 

1798. 

161 Susanna, born Dee. 21, 1774; married John Willet of Bndgton, 

Me., Jan. 23, 1803. 

162 Isaac, born Dec. 15, 1776; removed to Beverly, married Sarah 

Dyson. 

163 Timothy, born Nov. 13, 17,8; died March 22, 1857. 

164 John White, bom Nov. 29, 1780; married 1st, Sarah P., daughter 

of Rev. Elisha W illiams of Beverly, Sept. 14, 1806, 2d, her sister 
Sophia, Jan. 29, 1810. He died at Ealtimore, Mar. 27, 1862. 

165 Rebecca, born Mar. 19, 1783 ; married Joseph Brown, Jr., Jan. 15, 

1808. 

166 James, born Feb. 14, 1785. See No. 166. 

167 Gardiner, bom Mar. 2, 1787; married Nancy Woodbury. 

168 Joanna, born July 19, 17S9; married 1st, Capt. Samuel Safford, 

Nov. 21, 1811. Married 2d, Eben Dods^e of Salem. 

169 Nathan Dan-, born May 20, 1794. A. B. Dartmouth, 1813; mar- 

ried lulia, daughter of Abiel Hall of Alfred. Maine, where he 
made his residence and died Nov. 12, 1861. 

109. Thomas Appleton,^ son of Isaac,* was born Oct. 5, 1740. He 
married Susanna Perkins, July 13, 1767. 



38 A GENEALOGY OF THE IPSWICH DESCENDANTS 

170 Isaac, bom Aug. 24, 176S; died at sea 1790. 

171 Elizabeth, bom July 7, 1770; married James Woodbury of 

Beverly. 

Susanna died May 22, 1773, aged 32 years. 

He married Lydia, daughter of Daniel Dane, Oct. 19, 1773, who died 
at Beverly, Aug. 23, 1845, aged 103 years, 8 months, 5 days. He died 
Sept. 15, 1830. 

172 Daniel, born in Hamilton, Nov. 5, 1774; baptized in Ipswich, 

April 9, 1775. See ."Vo. 172. 

173 Lydia, born in Beverly, Aug. 22, 1776; baptized in Ipswich, Oct. 

12, 1777; married Jonathan Lamson of Hamilton, April 30, 1809. 

174 S.\HAH, baptized in Ipswich, April 23, 1782. ^^ ^^ 

125. Oliver Appi>eton,' son of OUver,* was baptized June 15, 1760. 
He bought the interest of the other heirs in the homestead in 1803, and 
sold to his sons Tristram and .Vatlianiel, March 31, 1823. He married 
Martha, daughter of John Patch, March 12, 1789. He died in Hamilton, 
Dec. 18, 1852, his widow, Aug. 31, 1861. 

175 Martha, born Oct. 3, 1789; marr?ed Charles Baker, Aug. 19, 1813. 

176 Oliver, born Mar. 15, 1791; married Anstice, da ighter of Eben- 

ezer Cogswell, July 2, 1816, and removed to Hamilton. An 
infant, 7mos. old, died Feb. 21, 1823. He died in Hamilton. 

177 Lucy, born Nov. 26, 1792; died .4.oril29, 18'8. 

178 Hannah, bom Sept. 27, 1794; married 1st, William M. Smith of 

Ipswich, Oct. 2, 1814, who died at sea, 1816; married 2d, 
Temple Cutler of Hamilton, April 5, 1823; died January 16, 
1889. 

179 George, born Julv 29, 1796, lived in Hamilton. 

180 Tristram, born June 23, 1798, Uved in Hamilton. 

181 Nathaniel, born April 3, 1800, lived in Hamilton. 

182 Abigail, bom Mav 2. 1802; died Nov. 9, 1818. 

183 Sarah, bora April 21, 1804; mairied Tristram Brown, Jr., May 

13, 1830; died April, 1891. 

184 Joshua, born March 21, iSOo; died Dec. 9, 1806. 

185 Mehitable, born July 16, 1808; mamed John Foster of Hamilton. 

129. Joseph Appleton, Jr.,* son of Deacon Joseph,^ was baptized 
Jvme 29, 1740. He married Hannah Bacheller of Haverhill, June 17, 
1762. 

186 Joseph, born , 1766; died Jan. 26. 1786. 

187 Hannah, baptized Oct. 8, 1769; married Daniel Wallie, Oct. 13, 

1791. 

188 Hephzibah, baptized Oct. 8, 1769. 

189 Lois, born Feb. 8, 1774; married John Williamson, Oct. 25, 1793. 

He married again, Eunice Perkins, Jan. 19, 1776. 

190 Eunice, baptized June 1. 1777. 

191 Salome, baptized June 1, 1777; married David Tucker, Jr., Oct. 

6, 1812. 

192 Aaron, bom May 10, 1779; married Lucy Sweet, Oct. 7, 1800; 

died in the West Indies, Sept., 1802. 

He died Dec. 10, 1812, his widow, May 1, 1821. 



OF SAMUEL APPLETON 39 

133. Thomas Appleton,' son of Deacon Joseph,^ was baptized 
Jan. 18, 1747. He became the owner of the house, known later as the 
Merrifield house, on the County Road, on the South side, recently torn 
down. He sold the northeast half to John Wade, April 19, 1794, but re- 
tained the other half, and in his will, devised the lower floor to his daugh- 
ter, Mehitable, the wife of Thomas Merrifield, and the upper to Abigail, 
the widow of his son, Daniel, and her daughter, Abigail G. Appleton, 
March 12, 1842. 

He married Mehitable, daughter of John Crocker, published Nov. 
26, 1768. She died May 20, 1804, aged 54. He died May 21, 1810, 
aged 64. 

193 Thomas, bom Oct., 1772, removed to Marblehead ; at the age of 

75 ^ ears, he marr'e i for his third wife, Mehitable Lancaster of 
Ipswich, aged 60, May 6, 1851. 

194 Mehitable, bo- n Mar. 21, 1775; marriel Thomas Menineld, Nov. 

25, 1798; die 1 Oct. 24, 1859. 

195 Daniel, born Jime 8, 1786. See No. 195. 

196 An Infant, died July 1, 1791. 

137. WiLLiAM Appleton," son of John 3d*, was baptized Jan. 8, 
1738. He married Sarah Kinsman, published April 21, 1764, and bought 
a house lot of Sarah Rust on whicli he built his dwelling. Mar. 25, 1766. 
In the division of his estate, in 1808, the dwelling was assigned to his 
daughter Sarah Choate, and is still known as the Sally Choate house. 

He died August 9, 1807, his widow, June 10, 1809. 

197 William, baptized June 30, 1765, removed to Salem, where he 

married 1st, Aima Bowditch, Dec. 22, 1793. Married 2d, 
Taraesin Abbott of Andover, July 23, 1807. He died at Salem, 
Sept., 1822. 

198 Sarah, baptized Jan. 4, 1767; married David Choate of Glouces- 

ter, Julv 18, 1789. 

199 Lucy, baptized Nov. 13, 1768; married John Baker, Jr., June 1, 

1800. 

200 PIannah, born Aug. 16, 1770; married Moses Wallis, May 25, 1800. 

201 Mary, baptized July 5, 1772; married libenezer Bowditch of 

Salem, 1797. 

202 Elizabeth, baptized, Aug. 21, 1774. 



SIXTH GENERATION. 

166. Gen. James Appleton," son of Samuel,^ was born Feb. 14, 
1785. A brief sketch of his life has been given in the history of the farm. 
He married Sarah, daughter of Rev. Daniel Fuller of Gloucester, Nov. 15, 
1807. 

Gen. James died at Ipswich, Aug. 25, 1882. His widow, Jan. 7, 1872. 

203 Samuel Gilman, born at Gloucester, Nov. 5, 1808; married 
Sarah, daughter of Sylvester Gardner of Manlius, N. Y., Sept. 
30, 1839; an Episcopal clergyman; died at Morrisania, Nov. 29, 
1873. 



40 A GENEALOGY OF THE IPSWICH DESCENDANTS 

204 Sarah Fuller, bom at Gloucester, Jan. 20, 1811; married at 

Marblehead, Rev. Stejihen C. Millett of Salem, May 6, 1833; 
died June 7, 1884. 

205 James, born at Gloucester, Mar. 11, 1813; married Sarah Bristol, 

daughter of Samuel L. Edwards of Manlius, N. Y., June 21, 
1842;diedi\Iarch, 1884. 

206 Marv White, born at Gloucester. Nov. 15, 1815; died Jan. 14, 

1905. 

207 Elizabeth Putnam, born at Gloucester, Dec. 3, 1818; married 

Shelton L. Hall of Kacine, Wis., Sept. 2, 1845; died Mar. 29, 
1897 at Racine. 

208 Joanna JIooge, born at Marblehead, Feb. 23, 1821 ; married Pey- 

ton R. Morgan, Nov. 9, 1843; died at Racine, April 25, 1870. 

209 Hannah Fuller, born at Marblehead, April 21, 1823; married 

Robert H. Thayer, April 27, 1854; died at Orange, N. J., Nov. 
10, 1903. 

210 Daniel Fuller, born at Marblehead, Jan. 31, 1826. See No. 

210. 

211 Harkiette Hooper, born at Marblehead, Mar. 24, 1828; married 

Rev. John Cotton Smith, D. D., Fee. 9, 1849, then Rector of 
St. John's Church, Bangor. He was Rector of the Church of 
the Ascension, New York, from 1S59 until his death, Jan. 9, 
1882. His wife d"ed Aug 26, 1905. 
': 212 Anna Whittemohe, born at Marblehead, Jan. 31, 1831; married 
Dr. Chas. H. Osgood, June 21, 1852. 

172. Daniel Appleton,* son of Thomas^, was born in Hamilton, 
Nov. 5, 1774. He married, Martha Woodbury of Beverly, Nov. 26, 1801, 
and made his home in that town. 

213 Daniel, born in Beverly, July 4, 1802. A large family of chil- 

dren was born, by this marriage, and a second, with Mary 
Baker Allen, daughter of William Allen of Manchester. Daniel 
returned to Ipswich and is the only one, who comes within the 
scope of this sketch. See No. 213. 

195. Daniel Appleton,' son of Thomas,* was born June 8, 1786. 
He married Abigail, daughter of Richard Lakeman, Nov. 15, 1812. He 
died in Dartmoor prison, Jan. 4, 1815. His widow occupied a tenement 
on the second floor of the old Merrifie'd house, which was bequeathed her 
by Thomas Appleton, father of her husband. She died April 15, 1857, at 
the age of 64 years 6 months. 

214 Abigail G., born 1814; died June 9, 1886. 



SEVENTH GENERATION. 

210. Daniel Fuller Appleton,^ son of Gen. James," was born in 
Marblehead, Jan. 31, 1826. He learned the trade of watch maker and 
jeweller in Portland, with his brother James, but went to New York, in 
1846. He entered the employment of Koyal Robl ins, nnd later became 
Ids partner, luider the firm name of Rob! ins and Appleton. In 1S57, the 
firm became owners of the new and small watch factory at Waltham, which 
has grown to be the great manufactory of the American Waltham Watch 



OF SAMUEL APPLETON. 41 

Co. Mr. Appleton retained liis interest in the business until his death, and 
his sons have succeeded him. 

He was a meml er of the first National Convention of the Republican 
party, which nominated John C. Fremont for President, and was invited 
to sit on the platform at tl,e Conv( ntion, which nominated Mr. McKinley 
for the first time. 

Wliile his business interests wtre in New York, his summer home was 
at the farm, to which he was greatly attached. 

He married 1st, Julia, daughter of Nicholas P.Randall of Manlius, 
N. Y., June 9, 1853, who died Aug. .10, 1886, at the age of 59 years, 4 
months, 11 days. 

215 Francis Randall, born Aug. 5, 1854. See No. 215. 

216 Ruth, born May 30. 1857; married Charles Sanders Tuckerni an, 

A. B. Harvard, 1874, on April 15, 1880, who died Aug. 27, 
1904. 

1 Muriel, bom in Brookline, March 6, 1881. 

2 John Appleton, lorn in Boston, Nov. 26, 1884. A. B. Har- 
vard. 1905. 

3 Julia Appleton, born in Ipswich, May 17, 1888. 

4 Leverett Saltonstall, born in Salem, Dec. 3, 1892. Their 
summer home, Applefield, is within the bounds of the 
original Appleton Farm. For the remainder of the year, 
their home is in Bo.ston. 

217 Mary Eliza, born April 21, 1860; married Gerald Livingstone 

Hoyt.of Staatsburgh, N. Y., A. B. Yale, 1872, on Nov. 22, 1881. 

1 Juha Marion, born in New York, Mar. 3, 1883. 

2 Lydig, born in New York, Dec. 21, 1883. A. B. Yale, 1906. 
Their summer home, "The Cottage," is on the Farm. 
Their winter residence is in New York. 

218 Randolph Morgan, boin Jan. 4, 1862. See No. 218. 

219 James Waldingfield, born June 4, 1867. A. B. Harvard, 1888. 

Mr. Appleton married 2d, Susan A., daughter of Prof. John P. Cowles, 
of Ipswich, Dec. 17, 1889. He died Feb. 5, 1904. 

213. Daniel Appleton,^ son of Daniel,* was born July 4, 1802, in 
Beverly. He bought a port on of the Joseph Fellows farm, with half the 
house, Jan. 16, 1832, and married Mehi table K. Qeaves of Beverly, .April 
10, 1832. They set up their home on the farm, where he died Oct. 20, 
1859, His widow lived until Nov. 22, 1888, dying at the age of 83 years, 
11 months. 

220 Daniel Woodbury, born May 21, 1833. See No. 220. 

221 Marietta Dane, born April 4, 1836; died Sept. 18, 1869. 

222 John William Eliot, born May 22, 1850; died April 2, 1855. 



EIGHTH GENERATION. 

215. Francis Randall Appleton,* son of Daniel Fuller,' was born 
in New York, Aug. 5, 1854. He was graduated from Harvard College, 
1875, and took the degree of L. E. B. at Columbia, 1877. His summer 



42 A GENEALOGY OP THE IPSWICH DESCENDANTS, ETC. 

home, New House, was built on a lot, originally included in the Appleton 
Farm. EOis business interests are in New York, where he resides during 
the winter months. 'i^ 

He married Fanny Lanier, daughter of Charles Lanier, Esq. at Lenox, 
Mass., Oct. 7, 1884. 

223 Francis Randall, Jr., bom in Lenox, July 9, 1885. A. B. Har- 

vard, 1907. 

224 Charles Lanier, born in New York, Sept. 25, 1886. 

225 Ruth, born in New York, Jan. 10, 1891. 

226 Alice, bom in New York, Dec. 8, 1894. 

227 James, bom in New York, Mar. 6, 1899. 

218. Randolph Morgan Appleton,* son of Daniel Fuller,' was bom 
at New York, Jan. 4, 1862, and was graduated Irom Harvard College, 1884. 

He married Helen Kortright,of Boston, June 2, 1888. His estate bears 
the ancestral name, Waldingfield. 

228 Madeline, born in Ipswich, July 8, 1893 . 

229 Julia born in Ipswich, June 5, 1804. 

230 Sybil, born in Boston, Dec. 28, 1899. 

220. Daniel Woodbury Applbton,' son of Daniel,' was born May 
21, 1833. He married Lucy Abby, dausihter of Jarvis Lamaon of Hamil- 
ton, April 28, 1870, who died Dec. 6, 1883, aged 34 years, 5 months. He 
died Oct. 27, 1903, in the house, in which he was born. 

231 Daniel How.uid, born Nov. 30, 1874. See No. 231. 

232 Marietta Dane, bom Nov. 13, 1876; married Amos E. L. Scotton, 

Aug. 24, 1896. 

1 Gladys Appleton, born Nov. 29, 1896. 

2 Edward Lawrence, born July 13, 1899. 

3 Lucie Abbie, bora Jan. 10, 1901. 

4 Harold Everett, bom July 29, 1902. 

233 Eliot Lamson', born April 9, 1831. 



NINTH GENERATION. 

231. Daniel Howard Appleton,' son of Daniel W.,* was born Nov. 
30, 1874; married Cora M. Manthom, Aug. 3, 1895; died June 14, 1899. 
234 Daniel Howard, Jr., bom, 1895. 



ANNUAL MEETING. 



The Annnal meeting of the Ipswich Historical Society 
was held on Monday, December 3, 1908, at Whipple House. 
The following officers were elected. 

President. — T. Frank Waters. 
Vice Presidents. — John B. Brown, 

Francis R. Appleton. 
Directors. — Charles A, Sayward, 

John H. Cogswell, 

Jolm W. Nourse. 
Clerk. — John W. Goodhue. 

Corresponding Secretary and Treasurer. — ^T. Frank Waters. 
Librarian. — John J. Sullivan. 

Social Committee. 
Mrs. Edward Damon, Miss Lucy Slade Lord, 

Mrs. Howard B. Dawson, Miss C. Bertha Dobson, 
Mrs. Francis H. Richardson. Mrs. Frank H. Stockwell, 
Mrs. Henry R. Kenyon, Mrs. Joseph F. Ross, 

Miss Sarah E. Lakeman, Mrs. Frank W. Kyes. 

The Committee was authorized to fill any vacancies that 
may occur in its membership, and enlarge it, if occasion 
requires. 



(43) 



REPORT OF THE PRESIDENT— DEC. 3. 1906. 



We may congratulate ourselves on the abundant and increas- 
ing prosperity of our Society. In some respects, the record of 
the year, which has now ended, has been phenomenal. 

Our House, always our most valuable and most interesting 
asset, is coming into wider and wider renown. The Report of 
our Curator, to be sure, indicates only the average number of 
visitors, whose names have been recorded, a round thousand, 
including the 89 names of our townspeople. But it is acquiring 
distinction as a notable old mansion and winning its way into 
the hearts of our townsfolk. When friends are being entertained 
they are invariably brought here, and when the annual supper is 
spread and the old rooms are lighted and warmed in the olden 
style, and the long tables are heavy with the ancient good cheer, 
a multitude comes to enjoy the grand occasion. 

But friends from afar have come pressing in this year as never 
before. The Bay State League, a federation of the historical 
societies of eastern Massachusetts, met here on June 2nd. Their 
headquarters were established in our House, and their lunch was 
eaten in our garden, their boxes being supplemented with hot 
coffee and cold water by our Social Committee. The annual 
meeting with addresses was held in the South Church and a tour 
of sight-seeing to view the historic spots of our Town was plan- 
ned for the final feature of the day's doings. A severe thunder- 
shower made this impossible. 

A week later, under sunnier skys, the Governor Thomas Dud- 
ley Family gathered in the ancient dwelling, where Dudley and 
Bradstreet, no doubt, had often hob-nobbed with Elder Whipple. 
Their visit to the ancient house-sites on High Street was the occa- 
sion of brief but admirable services of commemoration. The 
graduating class of the Grammar School came one afternoon, 
with their teacher, Miss Isabel G. Arthur, and saw the rooms 
and their furnishings. It was a happy thought on her part and 
(44) 



REPORT OF THE PRESIDENT. 45 

we are led to inquire why other teachers do not come with their 
classes? Xo better illustration of the early life of our Town 
and no finer inspiration to historical study can be imagined. 

The last of the June pilgrimages was the great visitation of the 
Old South Historical Society on the 24th. Nearly three hun- 
dred tickets had been sold and the ladies had undertaken the 
formidable task of providing lunch for this hungry multitude. 
The work was entered upon with enthusiasm and extraordinary 
interest in the success of the undertaking was shown by our citi- 
zens generally. Generous gifts of money and food revealed 
lovalty to our Society as universal. Unfortunately the day 
proved wet and cold, but a visit was paid to our House and to 
some of the nearer historic localities before lunch was served. 
The broad steps and ample corridors and lower rooms of the 
South Church afforded a timely shelter, and a convenient place 
for the mid-day rest and refreshment. Then the auditorium 
was thrown open and inspiring addresses were delivered by Mr. 
Edwin D. Mead, Mrs. Lucia Ames Mead and others. The 
river trip was abandoned of necessity, but a line of trolley cars 
bore our guests away to Xewburyport and the Merrimac. 

The Hovey family made its annual visit and the Saturday 
Evening Club of Bradford came down in the late Fall to have a 
quiet supper in our great kitchen. The sum total, financially, 
from these pilgrimages and gastronomic enterprizes was S1S7.92, 
to which is to be added a large prospective asset from the vivid 
remembrances of many pilgrims, who will come again to see the 
House at their leisure. The door fees paid by visitors amounted 
to $156.75. Publications were sold to the amount of §27.55 and 
notwithstanding the superabundance of cheap pictures in the 
store windows, the sale of photographs of the House, without and 
within, doubled that of the previous year (amounting to $30.45). 
A small percentage of profit remains, but the interest of visitors 
is enhanced. 

The total receipts, which may be credited to our House ac- 
count, as it is always the foremost thing in the minds of those 
who come, were §402.67. The expense of maintenance, includ- 
ing fuel for the curator, sundry repairs, cost of photographs, the 
care of the house and grounds, and re-setting a line of spruce 
trees, was S179.23. The cost of the last item was met, however, 



46 REPORT OF THE PRESIDENT. 

by the balance of the contribution of the Ipswich Mill, carried 
over from the previous year. No small credit for this gratifying 
exhibit is due to our excellent curator, Mr. Washington P. Pick- 
ard, for his constant endeavors for the advantage of the Society 
and his fidelity to all the details of his responsible office. 

The receipts from membership fees were $378.36, and from 
book sales by mail, S29.94, making the total income $810.97. 
Adding $290.60, the balance from 1905, the credit account is 
$1101.57. The expenditures include as the principal items, 
$100 for interest on the mortgage, $200 paid on the face of the 
mortgage, reducing it to $2300, $179.23 on the House account, 
and $334.26 for printing. This large item is due to the rather 
ambitious character of our last issue. "The Simple Cobbler of 
Aggawam," by the eminent Nathaniel Ward, the 4th edition, 
1647, was included in the list of valuable books, given by the late 
Daniel Fuller Appleton. This unique work has been repro- 
duced with facsimile title page, preface, initial letters, head lines, 
etc. and an antique type, which resembles the original. The 
paging has also been preserved. Part of the edition was pub- 
lished in pamphlet form and the remainder, on heavier paper, 
has been bound in boards. It has met with a very compliment- 
ary reception from Mr. Mead and other historical students and 
will have a steady sale, we may reasonably believe. As no pub- 
lication was issued in 1905, the average expenditure for the two 
years has not been exceeded very materially. The work of pub- 
lication is the most enduring and perhaps the most valuable ser- 
vice to the great public, that an Historical Society can perform. 
Our Society has attained an honorable distinction for its work 
both for quality and quantity and the sale is steady. The aggre- 
gate receipt of about $60 from this .source is a very satisfactory 
interest on the original cost. Some of the contributions which 
have come to us this year are of especial interest. Miss R. B. 
Manning of Salem gave the "Publishment Box" used by Eben- 
ezer Burnham, the Town Clerk of Ipswich, for the displaying of 
marriage intentions. Mr. William E. Gould of Brookline pre- 
sented an original musical composition, entitled Mannering, 
written by Gen. Henry K. Oliver of Salem on his 75th birthday 
and given to the donor. Mrs. Josiah Dudley has deposited with 
us the portrait of Rev. Daniel Fitz, D.D., painted by a native 



REPORT OF THE PRESIDENT. 47 

artist in Canton and a painting of the ship Malay, which was 
commanded by Capt. Dudley and by Captain Joseph Willcomb. 
The valuable collection of sea-charts, owned by the late Capt. 
Richard T. Dodge, is likely to come into our possession. We 
hope that this will prove to be a nucleus of a marine collection, 
which would be of rare interest. The old sailors are passing 
away, and the sailing ships, which opened a career for many 
Ipswich boys are fast disappearing. A collectionof oldlog-books, 
pictures and full rigged models of the sailing craft of various 
builds with lists of the vessels, built in our own ship yards, and 
of the men, who sailed in them, if it is to be made at all, must be 
made now, and any contributions of this kind will be particu- 
larly welcome. 

But where would such a collection be displayed? Not in this 
House, for the rooms would afford no opportunity for its proper 
arrangement. For this, and for other collections, which are now 
waiting, and for our growing library a new building, designed 
for museum purposes, and for the various needs of the society, 
will soon be needed. We suggest to our wealthy and public- 
spirited friends, if the funds for such a building are not forth- 
coming, that provision be made for legacies, which will be avail- 
able for this end. The Nantucket Historical Association has 
recently received a legacy of $10,000. The Beverly Historical 
Society fell heir to the fine old mansion, which answers its pur- 
poses so admirably. The Methuen Society has been richly 
endowed by Mr. Searles. A Memorial building, designed to 
commemorate the fame of Ipswich men and women and per- 
petuate their remembrance, which would provide room for an 
Art collection, for a lecture hall, as well as for a large museum, 
would be of great value to our Society and to the Town. When 
will the first gift be announced ? 

That the pride of ancestry is strong, has been illustrated very 
effectively. The Giles Firmin Garden, named in honor of the 
first Ipswich physician, whose home lot included the newly made 
garden, was the beneficiary of a summer fete on the grounds 
of Mr. Henry Brown, in August, 1906. The guests were invited 
to enroll their names and also that of any citizen of ancient 
Ipswich, to whom they trace their ancestry. Great enthusiasm 



48 



REPORT OF THE PRESIDENT. 



was aroused and it was 
were represented by the 

Samuel Appleton 
John Baker 
Thos. Boreman 
Thos. Burnham 
John Caldwell 
John Cogswell 
John Dane 
Gen. Daniel Denison 
Sarah Dillingham 
Gov. Thos. Dudley 
Michael Farley 
Philip Fowler 
Edward French 
Dea. William Goodhue 
Thomas Harris 
Luke Heard 
Daniel Hovey 
Richard Kimball 
Robert Kinsman 



found that the following early settlers 
appended number of guests. 

19 Thomas Knowlton 1 

3 Mistress Hannah Lake 1 

4 Archelaus Lakeman 1 
3 Robert Lord 4 
3 John Perkins 2 
2 Anthony Potter 3 
1 John Proctor 1 

1 Rev. Nath. Rogers 3 

2 Kilicross Ross 1 
1 Henry Russell 1 
1 The Worshipful Mr. Richard 

3 Saltonstall 1 

1 Richard Sutton 1 

2 Edward Treadwell 1 

4 Thomas Treadwell 1 
2 Jonathan Wade 2 

1 Matthew Whipple 1 

2 John Winthrop, Jr. 2 
8 Rev. John Wise 1 



Surely, this just pride in such eminent ancestry may bring 
forth fruit in due time, in the enduring and honorable Memorial 
which we desire. 



REPORT OF THE CURATOR 
FOR THE YEAR ENDING DEC. 3, 1906. 

Names recorded in the Register. .... 984 

Names of Ipswich residents, 89 

Names of residents of Massachusetts not including 

Ipswich, 534 

Names of residents of other States, .... 311 



On June 2, the Bay State League of Historical Societies visited 
the House. 

June 9, the Governor Thomas Dudley Family Association. 

June , The ninth Grade, Manning Grammar School. 

June 24, The Old South Historical Society. About 230 came, 

but only a small number recorded their names. 
Aug. 7, The Hovey Family, 
Nov. , The Saturday Evening Club from Bradford. 

The actual number of visitors to the House was probably about 
1200. 

Washington P. Pickard. 

Curator. 



(49) 



REPORT OF THE TREASURER FOR THE YEAR 
ENDING, DECEMBER 3, 1906. 

T. F. Waters in account with the Ipsv/ich Historical Society. 



Dr. 



To Membership fees, . 
" Sales of books, by mail . 
" Receipts from Whipple House, 
Door fees, .... 
Sales of books, 

" " photographs, . 
From entertainment of the Gov 
Dudley Family Asso., 
Hovey Family, 
Bay State League, . 
Old South Historical See, 
Saturday Evening Club, 
Annual Supper, 

Balance in treasury, Dec. 1, 1905, 



Cr. 



Thomas 



Paid on Mortgage, 

" " Interest, 

" " Printing, 

" Stationary, Postage, etc., . 

" Incidentals, 

House account. 

Paid for Fuel, 

" Table furnishings and partial 
ment for stove, 
Water Tax, . . . . 

Photographs, . . . . 
Trees and setting, 

Repairs, 

Care of house and grounds. 

Cash in treasury, Dec. 3, 1906, 



(50) 



Pay- 



$156.75 
27.55 
30.46 

15.00 
5.00 

14.32 

100.45 

6.50 

46.65 

402.67 



45.86 



$378.36 
29.94 



402.67 

810.97 
290.60 

$1101.57 



$200.00 

100.00 

334.26 

25.68 

4.80 



18.50 




11.00 




31.35 




20.00 




5.77 




46.75 


179.23 


179.23 


843.97 




257.60 



[101.57 



MEMBERS. 



Mrs. Alice C. Bemis 
James H. Proctor 
Charles G. Rice 



LIFE MEMBERS. 



Colorado Springs, Col. 
Ipswich, Mass. 



RE8IDBNT MEMBERS. 



Dr. Charles E. Ames, 
Mrs. Susan A. R. Appleton, 
Francis K. Appleton, 
Mrs. Frances L. Appleton, 
Francis R. Appleton, Jr., 
James W. Appleton, 
Randolph M Appleton, 
Miss S. Isabel Arthur, 
Dr. G. Guy Bailey, 
Mrs. Elizabeth H. Baker, 
Mrs. Ellen B. Baker, 
John H. Baker, 
Miss Katharine C. Baker, 
Charles W. Bamford, 
George K. Barnard, 
Miss Mary I). Bates, 
John A. Blake, 
James W. Bond, 
Warren Boynton, 
Albert S. Brown, 
Albert S. Brown, Jr., 
Charles W. Brown, 
Edward F. Brown, 
Mrs. Cnrrie R. Brown, 
Henry Brown, 
Mrs. Lavinia A. Brown, 
Robert Brown, 
Ralph W. Bnrnhara, 
Mrs. Nellie Mae Burnham, 
Fred F. Byron, 
Miss Joanna Caldwell, 
Miss Lydia A. Caldwell, 
Miss Sarah P. Caldwell, 
Charles A. Campbell, 
Mrs. Lavinia Campbell, 
Edward W. Choate, 
Philip E. Clarke, 
Mrs. Mary E. Clarke, 
Sturgis Coffin, 2d, 
John H. Cogswell, 
Miss Harriet D. Condon, 
Brainerd J. Conley, 
Rev. Edward Constant, 
Miss Roxana C. Cowlea, 



Rev. Temple Cutler, 
Arthur C. Damon, 
Mrs. Carrie Damon, 
Mrs. Cordelia Damon, 
Everett G. Damon, 
Harry K. Damon, 
Mrs. Abhy Danforth, 
Miss Edith L. Daniels, 
Mrs. Howard DaAvson, 
George G. Dexter, 
Miss C. Bertha Dobson, 
Harry K. Dodge, 
Rev. John M. Donovan, 
Arthur W. Dow, 
Dana F. Dow, 
Mrs. Sarah B. Dudley, 
Mrs. Charles G. Dyer, 
Mrs. Emma F'arley, 
Miss Lucy U. Farley, 
Miss Abbie M. Fellows, 
Benjamin Fewkes, 
James E. Gallagher, 
John S. Glover, 
Charles E. Goodhue, 
Frank T. Goodhue, 
John W. Goodhue, 
William Goodhue, 
John J. Gould, 
James Graffum, 
Mrs. Eliza H. Green, 
Mrs. Lois H. Hardy, 
George Harris, 
Mrs. Kate L. Haskell, 
George H. W. Hayes, 
Mrs. Alice L. Heard, 
Miss Alice Heard, 
John Heard, 
Miss Mary A. Hodgdon, 
Miss S. Louise Holmes, 
Charles G. Hull, 
Miss Lucy S. Jewett, 
Miss Amy M. Johnson, 
Miss Ida B. Johnson, 
John A. Johnson, 

(51) 



52 



NON-RESIDENT MEMBERS. 



Miss Ellen M. Jordan, 

Albert Jovce. 

Charles M. Kelly, 

Mrs. Caroline Kenyon, 

Fred A. Kimball, 

Robert S. Kimball, 

Mrs. Isabelle G. Kimball, 

Miss Bethiah 1). Kinsman, 

Mrs. Susan K. Kinsman, 

Willard F. Kinsman, 

Mrs. Mary Q. Kinsman, 

Dr. Frank W. Kyes, 

Mrs. Geoigie C. Kyes, 

Elizabeth E. Lakeman, 

J. Howard Lakeman, 

Mrs. G. F. Langdon, 

Austin L. Lord, 

George A. Lord, 

Miss Lucy Slade Lord, 

Thomas H. Lord, 

Mrs. Lncretia S. Lord, 

Walter E- Lord, 

Mrs. Mary B. Main, 

James F. Mann. 

Joseph Marshall, 

Everard H. Martin, 

Mrs. Marietta K. Martin, 

Miss Abby L. Newman, 

William .). Norwood, 

Mrs. Elizabeth B. Norwood, 

John W. Nourse, 

Charles H. Noyes, 

Mrs. Harriet E Noyes, 

Rev. Reginald Pearce, 

I. E. B. Perkins. 

Miss Carrie S. Perley, 

Augustine H. Plouff, 

Mrs. Frances E. Richardson, 

James S. Robinson, Jr., 



Mrs. Anna C. C. Robinson, 
Miss Anna W. Koss, 
Frederick G. Ho.ss, 
Mrs. Mary F. Ross, 
Joseph F. Ross, 
Mrs. Helena Ross, 
William S Knssell, 
William W Russell, 
Daniel Safford, 
Angus Savory, 
Charles A. Sayward, 
Mrs. Henrietta \V. Suyward, 
George A. Schotield, 
Amos E. Scottou, 
Mrs. Harriet G. Shaw, 
Dexter M. Smith. 
Mrs. Olive P. Smith, 
Mrs. Elizabeth K. Spanlding 
George W. Starkey, 
Dr. Frank H. Stockwell, 
Mrs. Sadie B. Stockwell, 
Edward M. Sullivan, 
John J. Sullivan, 
Mrs. Elizabeth M. Sullivan, 
Arthur L. Sweetser, 
Samuel H. Thurston, 
George W. Tozer, 
Miss Ellen R. Trask, 
Miss Laura B. Underbill, 
Jesse H. Wade, 
Miss Nellie F. Wade, 
Miss Emma E. Wait, 
Luther Wait, 
Rev. T. Frank Waters, 
Mrs. Adeline M. Waters. 
Miss Susan C. Whipple, 
Mrs. Marianna Whittier, 
Miss Eva Adams Willcomb. 
Chester P. Woodbury, 



NON-RESIDENT MEMBERS. 



Frederick J. Alley 
Mrs Mary G. Alley 
William F. J. Boardman 
Albert D. Bosson* 
Mrs. Alice C. Bosson* 
Mrs. Mary P. Bosworth 
John B. Brown* 
Mrs. Lucy T. Brown* 
Frank T. Burnham . 
Rev. Augustine Caldwell 
Eben Caldwell . 
Miss Florence F. Caldwell 
John A. Caldwell 
Mrs. Luther Caldwell 
Miss Mira E. Caldwell 



Hamilton, Mass. 

Hartford, Conn. 
Chelsea, Mass. 

.' New York, N. Y. 
Chicago, 111. 

So. Framingham, Mass. 

Eliot, Me. 

Elizab^'th, N. J. 

. Philadelphia, Pa. 

Winchester, Mass. 

Lynn, Mass. 



* Snmmer home in Ipswich. 



NON-RESIDENT MEMBERS. 



53 



Winthrop Chanler 
Rufus Choate 
Alexander B. Clark 
Mrs. Edward Cordis 
Mrs. Lin;i C. Cushing 
Charles Davis . 
Fellowes Davis . 
Horatio Davis . 
Joseph D. Dodge 
Mrs. Edith S. Dole 
Joseph K. Farley 
Sylvanns C. Farley 
Amos Tuck French 
Edward B. George 
Dr. J. L. Goodale* 
Dr. E. S. Goodhue 
Samuel V. Goodhue 
William E. Gould 
Dr. F. B. Harrington* 
Miss Louiso M. Hodgkins 
Kev. Horace C. Hovey 
Miss Euth A. Hovev 
Gerald L. Hoyt* 
Mrs. May Hoyt* 
Miss Julia Hoyt* 
Lydig Hoyt* 
Albert P. Jordan 
Arthur S. Kimball 
Rev. John C. Kimball 
Rev. Frederic J. Kinsman 
Curtis E. Lakeman . 
Mrs. Mary A. Lord* 
Dr. Sidney A. Lord . 
Mrs. Frances E. iMarkoe 
Mrs. Anna Osgood* . 
Rev. Robert B. Barker* 
Mrs. Mary A. Parsons 
Asahel H. Patch 
Mrs Anna P. Peabody* 
Moritz B. Philipp* 
Bo wen W. Pier son 
Frederick H. Plouft' . 
Mrs. Jesse W. P. Purdy 
A. Davidson Remick 
James E. Richardson 
Dr. Mark W. Richardson* 
Mrs. Lucy C. Roberts 
Derby Rogers 
Albert Rnssell . 
Mrs. E. M. H. Slade 
Edward H. Smith 
Miss Elizabetli P. Smith 
Henry P. Smith 
Mrs. Caroline P. Smith 
Rev. R. Cotton Smith* 
Dr. E. W. Taylor* . 
Rev. William G. Thayer" 



Wailuku 



Lihue, Kauai 



Maui 



Lynn 



Genesee, N. Y. 

Essex, Mass. 

Peabody, Mass. 

Jamaica Plain, Mass. 

Washington, 1). C. 

East Milton, 

New York, N. Y. 

Boston, Mass. 

Lynn, Mass. 

Newbury, Mass. 

Hawaiian Islands. 

Alton, lU. 

New York, N. Y. 

Ivowley, Mass. 

Boston, Mass. 

Ha^viiiian L^lands. 

Salem, Mhss. 

Brookline, Mass. 

Boston, Mass. 

Wilbraham, Mass. 

Newburvport, Mass. 

Lake Mohonk, N. Y. 

New York, N. Y. 



London, Eng. 

Fresno. Cal. 

Oberliu, Ohio. 

Greenfield, Mass. 

New York, N. Y. 

Albany. N. Y. 

Boston, Mass. 

Cromwol!. Conn. 

Philadelphia, Pa. 

Orange, N. J. 

Providence, R. I. 

field Center, Mass. 

Clarksville, Tenu. 

Boston, Mass. 

New York, N. Y. 



Boston, Mass. 

Reading, Peun. 

Boston. Mass. 

Salem, ?vlass. 

Bo.ston, Mass. 

Cambridge, Mass. 

New Canaan, Conn. 

Portland, Me. 

New York, N. Y. 

Salem, Mass. 

Brookline, Mass. 
c( (( 

Washinuton, D. C. 

Boston, Mass. 

Sonthboro, Mass. 



* Summer home in Ipswich. 



54 



HONORARY MEMBERS. 



NON-RESIDENT MEMBERS. 



Andrew S. Thomson 
Dr. Harvey P. Towle* 
Dr. (^has. W. Townsend* 
Miss Ann U. Tread well 
Bayai'd Tuckerman* 
Mrs. Ruth A. Tuckerman* 
Charles H. Tweed 
Mrs. Margaret Wade 
Major Chas. VV. Whipple 
Wallace P. Willett* 
Mrs. Elizabeth Willett* 
Egerton L. Winthrop, Jr. 
Frederic Winthrop 
Robert D. Winthrop 
Chalmers Wood* 



HONORARY MEMBERS 



John Albree, Jr. 
Miss Caroline Farley 
Frank C. Farley 
Mrs. Katherine S. Farley 
Mrs. Eunice W. F'elton 
Jesse Fewkes . 
Reginald Foster 
Augustus P. Gardner 
Charles I>. Goodhue 
Miss Alice A. Gray 
Miss Emily R. Gray 
Arthur VV. Hale 
Albert Farley Heard, 2d 
Otis Kimball 
Mrs. Otis Kimball 
Miss Sarah S. Kimball 
Frederick J. Kingsbury 
Miss Caroline T. Leeds 
Miss Katherine P. Loring 
Mrs. Susan M. Loring 
Mrs. Elizabeth R. Lyman 
Josiah H. Mann 
Henry S. Manning 
Mrs. Mary W. Manning 
George von L. Meyer 
Miss Esther Parmenter 
Mrs. Mary S. C. Peabody 
Richard M. S alto n stall 
Denisou R. Slade 
Joseph Spiller 
Miss Ellen A. Stone 
Harry W. Tyler 
Albert Wade 
Edward P. Wade 
W. F. Warner 
George Willcomb 



Wenhain, Mass. 
Boston, Mass. 

Jamaica Plain, Mass. 
. New York, N. Y. 
Boston, Mass. 
. New York, N. Y. 
Newton, Mass. 
. New York, N. Y. 
East Orange, N.J. 

'. New York, N, Y. 
. Hamilton, Mass. 
. New York, N. Y. 



Swampscott, Mass. 

Cambridge, Mass. 

So. Manchester, Conn. 

Cambridge, Mass. 

Newton, Mass 

Boston, Mass. 

Hamilton, Mass. 

Springfield, Mass. 

Sanquoit, N.Y. 

Winchester, Mass 
Boston, Mass. 



Salem, Mass. 

Waterbury, Conn. 

Boston, Mass. 



. Brookline, Mass. 

Ipswieh, Mass. 

. New York, N. Y. 

Washington, D. C. 

Chicopee, Mass. 

Ipswich, Mass. 

Boston, Mass. 

Center Harbor, N. H. 

Boston, Mass. 

East Lexington, Mass. 

Boston, Mass. 

Alton, 111. 

St. Louis, Mo. 
Boston, Mass. 



•Summer home in Ipswich. 



Membership in the Ipswich Historical Society involves 
the payment of an annual due of $2, or a single payment of 
$50, which secures Life Membership. Members are entitled 
to a copy of the regular pubh cations of the Society, in pam- 
phlet form, without expense, free admission to the House 
with friends, and the privilege of voting in the business 
meetings. 

There are no restrictions as to place of residence. Any 
person, who is interested in the Society and desires to pro- 
mote its welfare, is eligible to membership. We desire to 
enlarge the non-resident membership list until it shall include 
as many as possible of those, who trace their descent to our 
Town. 

Names may be sent at any time to the President, but the 
election of members usually occurs only at the annual meet- 
ing in December. 

LOFC. 



(55) 



IPSWICH IN THE MASSACHUSETTS BAY COLONY 

1 633-1 700 

By Thomaa Franklin Waters, President of the Ipswich Historical Society 
ONE VOLUME IN TWO PARTS 



I 
II 
III 

IV 



V 

VI 

VII 

VIII 

IX 

X 

XI 

XII 



XIII 



XIV 



XV 
XVI 
XVII 



PART ONE 



Primeval Agav/am, study of the Indian life 

The Coming of the English 

Homes and Dress . 

Some notable Settlers. John Winthrop, Jr., Thomas 
Dudley, Richard Saltonstall, Simon and Ann Brad- 
street, Rev. Nathaniel Ward, John Norton 

The Development of our Town Government 

Common Lands and Commonage 

Trades and Employments 

The Body Politic 

The Sabbath and the Meeting House . 

The Early Military Annals 

The Charter in Peril. Samuel Symonds, Daniel Deni- 
son, John Appleton . . .... 

The Grammar School and Harvard College. Ezekiel 
Cheeverand his successors, and many famous pupils 
of the Grammar School ...... 

King Philip's War; contains Major Samuel Appleton 's 
military letters and a complete list of the soldiers in 
that war ......... 

Ipswich and the Andres Government. A careful study 
of the attitude of Ipswich men in this critical period, 
with many documents, warrants for arrest, deposi- 
tions, records, etc. Rev. John Wise, Major Samuel 
Appleton, John Appleton, Jr., Thomas French, Wil- 
liam Goodhue, John Andrews, Robert Kinsman . 

Laws and Courts ....... 

Witchcraft ... .... 

War of William and Mary and other Indian troubles, 
witli a list of soldiers so far as known .... 



pp. 1-6 

7-20 

21-44 



45-55 

56-67 

68-74 

75-86 

87-106 

107-118 

119-127 

128-145 



146-158 



159-224 



225-273 
274-286 
287-300 

301-313 



The material for this work has been derived, by original 
research, chiefly from the Town Records, the Records of the 
old Ipswich Quarter Sessions Court and other Court Records, 
the Massachusetts Bay Records, the Massachusetts Archives, 
and contemporaneous published works, 8o far as possible. 

(56) 



IPSWICH IN THE MASSACHUSETTS BAY COLONY, 



57 



It is illustrated with facsimiles of ancient documents and 
photographs. 

PART TWO 

is a study of the original land grants for house lots on all the 
ancient streets and lanes, and the successive owners to the 
present generation, with diagrams, maps, and photographs of 
many ancient dwellings. 

The dates of the erection of houses are noted in many 
instances, and all transfers are accompanied with citations of 
the Book and Leaf of the ancient Ipswich Deeds (5 volumes), 
and the Records of the Essex County Registry of Deeds and 
Registry of Probate. Some eighteen hundred citations are 
made from the original sources, and these constitute the sole 
authority for this record of locations, ownerships, and the 
probable age and identity of dwellings. 

Besides this, there are seven appendices to the volume, 
giving important historical material under the following heads: 
A summary of the names of the first settlers from 1633 to 
1649; Some Early Inventories; The Letters of Rev. Nathan- 
iel Ward; The Letters of Giles Firmin; The Letters of Sam- 
uel Symonds; The Valedictory and Monitory Writing left by 
Sarah Goodhue; The Diary of Rev. John Wise, Chaplain 
in the Expedition to Quebec. There Ls also a copious Index. 

The book will be of particular interest and importance to 
those who are of Ipswich ancestry, and especially, those re- 
lated to the Ipswich families of 



APPLETON 


FARLEY 


KNOWLTON 


ROGERS 


BAKER 


FOSTER 


LAKEMAN 


ROSS 


BROWN 


GOODHUE 


LORD 


RUST 


BURNHAM 


HARRIS 


MANNING 


SALTONSTALL 


CALDWELL 


HEARD 


NEWMAN 


SMITH 


CHOATE 


HODGKINS 


NORTON 


SYMONDS 


CLARK 


HOVEY 


PAINE 


TREADWELL 


COGSWELL 


HUBBARD 


PERKINS 


WADE 


DENISON 


JEWITT 


POTTER 


WAINWRIGHT 


DODGE 


KIMBALL 


PULCIFER 


WHIPPLE 


DUTCH 


KINSMAN 


RINGE 


WILLCOMB 




WINTHROP 




and many others. 






Price. 


Five dollars, net. 


Postage, thirty-six cents. 



58 IPSWICH IN THE MASSACHUSETTS BAY COLONY. 

EXTRACTS FROM REVIEWS AND LETTERS. 

{From The Nation, New York.) 

In one feature, at least, this ample and handsomely printed work 
surpasses any other town history that we have ever encountered. We 
refer to that portion of the second half which deals with "Houses 
and Lands," and which, with the aid of a diagram, traces the for- 
tunes of each dwelling and lot of the original settler nominatim not 
only to 1700, but to the present day. This enormous labor is for- 
tified by the citation of wills and deeds, and the result is a firm base 
for all future researches. It is supplemented by a summary of the 
names of the settlers from 1633 to 1649, with the year in which each 
name first occurs in the town records, and by some sample inventories 
of personal effects. Other remarkable lists of the early inhabitants have 
been constructed for the chapter entitled "The Body Politic; " and show 
that out of an enrolled male population in 1678 totalling 508, there were 
220 commoners and 125 freemen (17 of these not being commoners). The 
freemen alone were entitled to vote for the officers and magistrates of 
the Colony and to speak and vote in town meeting ; the commoners might 
vote on all questions relating to the common lands; the residue, so-called 
Resident, were eligible for jury duty and to vote for selectmen. 

Mr. Waters 's historical treatment is episodical and is very pleasingly 
manifested in the opening chapters on the aborigines as described by 
the first Englishmen and on home and dress. These themes are in- 
vested with a really fresh interest, and set forth with noticeable literary 
skiU. 

Much remains to be said or sayable, but we must stay our hand. 
Mr. Waters 's work, which we hope he will follow up for later times, as he 
half promises, takes its place in the front rank of its class, and can 
hardly be praised too highly for diligent research, candor, taste, style and 
construction. 

(From a letter, written by C. B. Tillinghast, State Librarian of Massachusetts.) 

"The story of the founders of Ipswich which you have told with so 
much detail and skill in the first half of the volume, is of course in large 
degree the story of the early life of the settlers in other parts of the Colony 
and this study, which you have founded with such pains-taking accuracy 
largely upon original and documentary sources of information makes the 
volume of the widest general interest to all, who have an interest in the 
early settlers and their mode of life. This feature of the book it seems to 
me, is unequalled by any other available publication and should commend 
it to the favorable attention of all libraries. 

The topographical study which forms the latter portion of the book, 
is a model of what such a study should be, and in this respect, Ipswich 
territory is of special interest. 



IPSWICH IN THE MASSACHUSETTS BAY COLONY. 59 

' ' You have made in this volume a contribution to the local, tlie funda- 
mental history of the Commonwealth, whicli few, if any volumes equal 
and none excel. ' ' 

(From a Review by the New York Daily Tribune.) 

The president of the Ipswich Historical Society lias prepared in this 
volume a model of its kind. He tells in thoroughly entertaining fashion 
the history of this early Colonial town — the Agawam of Indians — and 
he adds in Part II such a detailed account of its houses and lands as must 
ever be of value to all connected by ties of blood or property with Ipswich. 
Photographs of the many ancient houses which survive, together with 
maps, diagrams and facsimiles illustrate and elucidate the text. 

The story of the town holds so much of the struggle, the tragedy and 
the quaintness of seventeenth century life in tlie colony that it would have 
been difficult to make it other than interesting. 

The services of Ipswich men in King Philip 's War and their sturdy 
protest against the usurpation of tlie Andros government are chronicled 
here, and are not to be forgotten by Americans. In the resistance to what 
she considered an unjust tax, Ipswicli may claim a high place among the 
earliest supporters of the right of self government. 

{From George H. Martin, Secretary of the State Board of Education of 
Massachusetts.) 

I have examined with care tlie whole of your new book on Ipsv.'ich 
and I have read with increasing interest as much as time would allow. It 
is a great book and will prove of immense service to all students of early 
colonial history. 

I do not think I have found anywhere so vivid a picture presented of 
Puritan town life in all its phases as you have given. The thorough way 
in wliich you have handled the matter of land grants is a model for all 
local historians. 

I congratulate you heartily upon having made an addition to the local 
history of New England, which is unsurpassed in tlie choice of matter, and 
in the felicity of its presentation. 

(From the Boston Transcript.) 

A most important addition to the literature of New England history 
is made by Mr. Thomas Franklin Waters in this volume. Ipswicli — the 
Agawam of 270 years ago — is one of the most picturesque towns in the 
Commonwealth, and aside from its attractions of location and scenery, is 
particularly rich in historical associations. No town in its early conditions 
more accurately typifies early New England life, and in the narrative of 
its struggles and development may be read that of a score of other settle- 
ments of the same period. "I have tried, ' ' says Mr. Waters in his preface, 
"to teU accurately, but in readable fashion, the story of the builders of 



60 IPSWICH IN THE MASSACHUSETTS BAY COLONY. 

our town, their homes and home life, their employments, their Sabbath- 
keeping, their love of learning, their administration of town affairs, their 
stern delusions, their heroism in war and in resistance to tyranny." To 
anyone familiar with the beautiful old town the book will have all the 
fascination of a romance. 

{By Rev. Edward Eivrell Hale, in The Lend a Hand Record.) 

Here is a model town history. It covers the history of the old town 
of Ipswich in Massachusetts from the year 16.33, when it was what we 
may call almost the model settlement of Winthrop's party, and extending 
to the year 1700. That is to say, it is the history of the first two genera- 
tions of the Bay colonists. The settlement was lead by John Winthrop, 
the son of the Governor, and from the first it had tlie cordial cooperation 
of the General Court of Massachusetts. Rev. Thomas Franklin Waters, 
the Minister of the South Church in Ipswich, has given the careful work 
of 3'ears to this history and has now presented it to us in a form worthy 
of such a history. 

It has enough fac-similes of the very earliest paper.*, not only to give 
us a breeze of the atmosphere of the town, but to show us how carefully 
they have been worked over and digested, and indeed, to make it unnec- 
essary for us to search for hours in the original documents. It is not 
everybody who has at hand the old map of New England, from Hub- 
bard's History, — "The best which could be got," that is the pathetic 
inscription on the oiiginal, — with its gigantic enlargement of Lake Win- 
nepesaukee, its convenient north and south straight line of the Connecti- 
cut, its frequent mountains and its infrequent trees, its spire crowned vil- 
lages and its little arniv of red folks, with the ships in the Bay. These 
are all tokens of the simplicity of the geography of ancient time, such as 
make it real to us as no description can. 

The volume is divided into part first, which is distinctly historical, 
and part second, "Houses and Lands," which meets the local necessity as 
to the original division of land and the changes which followed in the first 
century of the history. The chapters in the historical part are all interest- 
ing. The study of home and dress, of common laws, of commonage, of 
the boards of charity, of the perils of the charter, of the grammar school 
and the college, and of witchcraft, will demand the attention of all care- 
ful students of the foundation of New England. 

The work of Nathaniel Ward as one of the real founders of our infant 
state is so important that it deserved the most careful study and this it 
has r< ceived here. Massachusetts has few such "men in its history. Ward 
graduated at Emmanuel College as early as 1603. He is acquainted with 
Lord Bacon, with Archbishop Uslier, and with David Pareus, the famous 
theologian of Heidelberg; he studied law afterwards, entered the ministry 
of the church when he was forty-six yea's of age; he is excommunicated 
in 1633; and in the sixty-fourth year of his age, landed in Massachusetts 
Bay. There is something pathetic in thinking of this accomplished old 



IPSWICH IN THE MASSACHUSETTS BAY COLONY. 61 

man in the wilderness life of Ipswich, and something truly magnificent in 
the work assigned to him and by him so well performed. He was ap- 
pointed by the General Court in 1638 to draw up its first code of laws. 
His legal training fittted him for this task. He spent three years in it and 
the result is "The Body of Liberties." Of this Francis Gray .said that 
while it retains some strong traces of the time, it is in the main far in ad- 
vance of the common law of England at this time. Ward is better 
known perhaps as the author of the "Simple Cobbler of Agawam." But 
the humour and wit of that book ought not eclipse in men 's minds the 
fact that the corner stone of New England legislation was laid by him . 
He ranks first among our law givers of that great century. 

The name of William Hubbard, the historian of New England, is 
another Ipswich name of the seventeenth century, very important in our 
New England history. These two names alone would make Ipswich one 
of the most distinguished towns in Massachusetts. But whoever will 
carefully study Mr. Waters's valuable book will see what were not only 
the beginnings but the successful prosecution of many of the enterprises 
and successes which look back to the seventeenth century. All persons 
interested in New England life and history owe a great debt to the 
author. E. E. H. 

{From Appleton Morgan, President of the New York Shakespeare Society.) 

The Complete Book of the Town of Ipswich, Massachusetts, in that 
Essex County, where Rufus Choate said there was more History to the 
square inch than in any other spot under the skies, deserved to be 
written, and the Rev. Thomas Franklin Waters, President of the Ipswich 
Historical Society has written it in a splendid imperial octavo volume 
of 586 compact pages. It is illuminated with valuable pictures, and 
nothing has been omitted of the muniments of the quaint old precinct. 
Ipswich has its legends as well as its history, but Mr. Waters has been 
a ver\' Draco here! 

His unswerving and uncompromising fidelity to facts will admit no 
plea of ben trovato, and he tumbles into obhvion many a cherished ro- 
mance and tradition, but he packs their places with invaluable records 
and rescued chronicles! 

The history of New England cannot be written — and henceforth no- 
body will attempt to write it — without Mr. Waters's volume. It is a work 
of enormous patience and ability, and is in all ways a model of what a 
Town History should be. 

(By Bayard Tuckerman, Lecturer in English at Princeton University). 

Ipswich is one of the oldest and in some respects one of the most inter- 
esting and typical of the English settlements in America. The difiicultiea 
to be encountered by the early colonists in subduing the wilderness, in 
wringing a livelihood from an unfruitful soU, in building up a civilization 



62 IPSWICH IN THE MASSACHUSETTS BAV COLONY. 

in which comfort and education were soiis-hf f^o-^fK 

and „owhe.3u™„u„w with J:i;tg?„r;;C""°"^-^-''' 

wlule the bold resistance of her ctoen" to the t "7 °' '"="''">■ 

government in the time of Governorrdrn, ''""?" °^ "" ■="««* 

title of the "Cradle of AmenZ"Iert " Mr wft"" ""■ f Ti"™ '" ""^ 
with historical insight and literarv skufand ha, dv n" Te!°d "'" "'"'' 
information regardins local ei„tnm= , ,"*' S'\™ "= MS'des a mass of 
ilies, which maL his wo f "rsZl'i'Z H """ '""' "^'"'™' '^■"- 
have lived in the township ^' "^ "'"^™' """^o ■'"'"'O'^ 

indiir: retrof'T^ti^^Tntr ^o-rr, r'^' ^-'- 

the heads of "The SllmingT E^l v^" Hl^^'^H'n"'" ^"<'- 
Notable Settles" "Tradfs and EmpC,e„ts " ^fiW ""," r' '1°™ 

"Tttcrr'n^ !'■= '°^'-^ '""^'i-- ""^d t,ri v: hi; ir' °' 
withi^-^c;:,;-^-^^^^^^^^^^^^ 

^nI':^:;^lrr:Lt:d^^";'■■'"^r-'-^""'-" 

and .he"Warr ^JirmldMlT" '"™'"" "^'"^ "'"'"''' "'"" 

-.ou„dsof:psw^Tca:fr:oirfr:. nTe^zTi 

Of in^ t:ri;:«LTthe'h 'T 'V" ^-^ «•--" n;,mber 

transmitted. tr;:roVR::^;ra;re Tcnrrc''; "f '-' 
«™ oi r;;t^rhrr :;:;'- r ^^'^:^^^:=: 

the Appendix. ' '^ ^''^* ant.quanan interest, are given in 

Thirty-five excellent illustrations, and an Index w>,;nK f 

:r ^ort:„:r" "™- -^ -5eots mL^nTdr^r^:^.— 

researc,::lrdt7-run L'lJtLr'' "'-*r°''"'""^ "°'' '"'^'"^™' 
to all pe^ons who hai anTcon^rnll' t^f "™^'J;"'°'''''"^^ 
in Ipswich or whose ancestors lived her" " ould I a "■ ^''°=™' '"'^' 
books. He will find „1„.=„™ .'"" '""^O: "fi^W I'ave a copy among his 

reference ' ""= '" '""'''"^ "■ """i P""' i" PO^^sessing il for 

Bayard Tuckerman. 



LBJL'OS 



PUBLICATIONS 



IPSWICH HISTORICAL 
SOCIETY 



I The Oration by Rev. Washington Choate and the Poem by Rev. 

Edgar F. Davis, on the 200th Anniversary of the Resistance to 
the Andros Tax, 1887. Price 25 cents. 

II to VI inclusive. Out of print. 

VII. A Slcetch of the Life of John Winthrop the Younger, -with 

portrait and valuable reproductions of ancient documents 
and autographs, by T. Frank Waters. Price $1.50. Postage 
14 cents. 

VIII. "The Development of our Town Government" and "Com- 

mon Lands and Commonage," with the Proceedings at the 
Annual Meeting, 1899. Price 25 cents. 

IX. A Hist6ry of the Old Argilla Road in Ipswich, Massachusetts, 

by T. Frank Waters. Price 25 cents. 

X. " The Hotel Cluny of a New England Village," by Sylvester Bax- 

ter, and the History of the Ancient House, with Proceedings 
at the Annual Meeting, 1900. Price 25 cents. 

XL The Meeting House Green and a Study of Houses and Lands in 
that vicinity, with Proceedings at the Annual Meeting, Dec. 2, 
1901. Price, 25 cents. 

XII. Thomas Dudley and Simon and Ann Bradstreet. A Study of 

House-Lots to Determine the Location of Their Homes, and 
the Exercises at the Dedication of Tablets, July 31, 1902, 
with Proceedings at the Annual Meeting, Dec. 1, 1902. Price 
25 cents. 

XIII. "Fine Thread, Lace and Hosiery in Ipswich" by Jesse Fewkes, 

and "Ipswich Mills and Factories," by T. Frank Waters, with 
Proceedings at the Annual Meeting. Price 25 cents. 

XIV. The Simple Cobler of Aggawam, by Rev. Nathaniel Ward. A 

reprint of the 4th edition, published in 1647, with facsimile 
of title page, preface, and head lines and the exact text, and 
an Essay, Nathaniel Ward and The Simple Cobler, by T. Frank 
Waters. 116 pp. 25 cents. Postage 10 cents. A limited 
edition, printed on heavy paper, bound in boards . One dollar, 
postage prepaid. 

XV. "The Old Bay Road from Saltonstall's Brook and Samuel Ap- 

pleton's Farm" and "A Genealogy of the Ipswich Descendants 
of Samuel Appleton," by T. Frank Waters, with Proceedings 
at the Annual Meeting. Price, 25 cents. 



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